Chapter 3

Kazdin (2003) has argued that case studies can help researchers because they

all of these

Psychologists have used case studies to

all of these

We should use nonexperimental methods when

an experiment would be unethical or not possible.

A developmental psychologist makes careful daily notes about her own child's growing use of language during the first years of life. She is using the ____ method.

case study

Pennebaker and colleagues (2004) used the ____ approach in their study of the influences of testosterone therapy on a female-to-male transgendered individual.

case study

Which is an important advantage of the phenomenological approach?

development of valuable hypotheses

Mednick used ____ to discover that schizophrenic and normal children differ in the activity of their autonomic nervous systems.

deviant case analysis

Which of these is a qualitative method that might rely on a researcher's own experiences or on those of others?

empirical phenomenology

Which of the following statements is correct?

external validity and internal validity are issues of concern in both quantitative and qualitative research

When we are certain that only the antecedent conditions we created caused participant behavior in our experiment, the experiment has ____ validity

internal

A social psychologist who observes aggressive behavior between siblings through a one-way mirror is using

naturalistic observation

Wheeler's (1988) account of the importance of feng shui consultants, when building the new headquarters of the Hong Kong and Shanghai Bank, demonstrates the versatility of the ____ method.

naturalistic observation

Researchers like Ainsworth et al. (1978) use the strange situation to assess the quality of attachments between very young children and their parents and other caregivers. Researchers often use ____ to gather data about these interactions.

naturalistic observations

Data used in the phenomenological approach come from

our own immediate experience

A social psychologist secretly joined a white supremacy group to study its recruitment strategies. She only gathered qualitative data since exposure could result in her ouster from the group (or hospitalization). Which research method did she use?

participant-observer study

Which of these examines a single individual's immediate subjective experiences?

phenomenological approach

Researchers use unobtrusive measures to control

reactivity

Your baby sister turns cartwheel after cartwheel until you try to capture her play on your iPhone. This illustrates the problem of

reactivity

Bowman's (1992) examination of factors related to adaptive coping mechanisms in African-American men who were responsible husbands and fathers utilized a national data bank containing data originally collected in face-to-face interviews. His re-examination of these data illustrates which nonexperimental design?

Archival study

When we can generalize our research findings to subjects or settings outside of an experiment, our experiment has ____ validity.

External