Chapter 3
Checked attribute
A checkbox initially appears selected if THIS is set
polyfill
A fallback using JavaScript code that makes certain HTML features work on browsers that do not natively support those features.
fallback
A mechanism that allows a webpage element to fuction correctly even if the browser does not support a particular element.
Query string
A set of name=value pairs separated by the ampersand character. Each name is specified as an attribute of the HTML field, and the value is the user-entered data.
GET method
A technique used by a web browser to submit information to a web server by altering the URL of the HTTP request.
POST method
A technique used by a web browser to submit information to a web server by sending the information in the HTTP request body.
Checkbox
A widget for input elements with the type attribute of "checkbox", which allows users to check, or select, a value.
Password field
A widget for input elements with the type attribute of "password", which allows users to enter a password without the password contents being displayed on screen.
Radio button
A widget for input elements with the type attribute of "radio", which allos users to select exactly one value from possibly many values
picker
A widget that allows the user to interactively pick a choice using a popup or other guided selection method.
Time
Allows entering a time more easily
datetime-local
Allows input of a date and time
Month
Allows selecting a month and year.
Week
Allows selecting a week and year
Range input
Allows the user to select a value by dragging a sliding control along the length of a line. <input type="range"> Three commonly used attributes for the range input are min, max and value.
<form>
Allows the web browser to submit information from the user to the server.
Drop-down menu or drop-down list
Allows users to select one of several predefined values
Date picker
An input picker that allows the user to enter a date or choose a date from a calendar popup. <input type="date">
Widget
An interactive component (usually graphical) that the browser uses to interact with a user.
Container
Any part of a web document body that has opening and closing tags
Multiple
Attribute allows the user to select multiple options.
controls
Boolean attribute that displays audio controls for the user to play, pause, and control the volume.
muted
Boolean attribute that initially mutes the audio.
autoplay
Boolean attribute that makes the audio begin playing automatically.
loop
Boolean attribute that replays the audio upon reaching the end of the audio.
Combo box
Combination of a text box and drop-down menu into a single widget. A combo box is created with an <input> element, which creates the text box, and a <datalist> element.
Color picker
Creates a color selector popup that helps the user explore and choose a color. <input type="color">
<legend>
Defines a caption for a <fieldset>
AAC
Designed to be the successor of the MP3 format with better sound quality
QuickTime
Developed by Apple, Plays in Macs, but plug-in support for Windows has been dropped.
Flash
Developed by Macromedia. Requires a plug-in to play.
Wave
Developed by Microsoft and IBM, mainly for storing uncompressed audio on Windows
WMA
Developed by Microsoft for Windows music players
WMV
Developed by Microsoft for storing video on Windows
MP4
Developed by the Moving Pictures Expert Group .m4a is audio only, but mp4 may contain video
MPEG-4 or MP4
Developed by the Moving Pictures Expert Group. ma is audio only, but mp4 may contain video.
<video>
Element displays a video in a web page.
Inline
Element fills the minimum space possible in the element's parent container and can only contain text or other inline elements.
<button>
Element has a type attribute that can be set to various values like "button" or "submit".
<audio>
Element plays an audio file in a web page
<embed> and <object>
Elements to embed audio or video in a web page.
Number input
Ensures user input is a valid number. <input type="number"> Min and max attributes are commonly used with the number input
Block or block-level
Fills the width of the element's parent container and can contain other block elements, inline elements, and text.
url
For typing a URL
tel
For typing a telephone number
For typing an email address
search
For typing search terms
<fieldset>
Groups related form widgets together and draws a box around the related widgets
Method attribute
Indicates the HTTP request type the browser will use to communicate with the server. The method is either GET or POST. GET is the default method if no method is specific.
Action attribute
Indicates the URL where the form data should be sent. Typically the URL uses HTTPS so the form data is encrypted.
Type attribute
Indicates the widget type. Common types include text, password, submit, and button.
<div>
Is a generic element for creating block containers to facilitate managing page content and is the only block element with no semantic meaning, unlike other block elements such as <p> and <table>
Boolean attribute
Is an attribute that is true when present and false when absent
<span>
Is the generic element for creating inline containers to facilitate managing content on the page.
ID attribute
Is used to give a widget a unique identifier.
MIDI
Main format for electronic music devices that store notes; does not contain sound.
Escaped
Meaning the characters must be transformed into other representations.
Name attribute
Names the widget and sends the widget's value when the widget's form is submitted.
WebM
Open media format developed by Mozilla, Opera, Adobe, and Google for the web
Ogg Theora
Open video compression format developed by Xiph.Org Foundation
Off Vorbis
Open-source audio coding format developed by Xiph.Ord Foundation.
<select>
Opening and closing tags create a drop down menu
<option>
Opening and closing tags create a value, or option, the user can select within a dtrop-down menu.
<textarea>
Opening and closing tags that allows users to enter multiple lines of txt
rows and cols attributes
Optional items to specify the initial size of the text area.
pattern
Provides a pattern (called a regular expression) that the input must match
step
Sets the amount by which the value can change
maxlength
Sets the maximum number of input characters
Max
Sets the maximum value that the input can have
Min
Sets the minimum value that the input can have
plug-in
Software that can properly read an interpret a file format that the browser cannot.
Value Attrubute
Specifies a default value for a widget
Placeholder attribute
Specifies text that first appears in a text widget, typically for giving the user a hint as to the expected value.
width
Specifies the pixel width of the video's display area
required
States that the input is required and must not be left empty
<input>
Tag allows the user to enter information into a web page.
<label>
Tag displays descriptive text associated with a specific widget.
Unescapes
The form data to determine what the original values are
MP3
The sound portion of an Mpeg file. Most popular format for music players.
For attribute
Whose value should match the id attribute for the widget being labeled.
Button
Widget cab be created using the <button> opening and closing tags.
Submit button
Widget for and <input> tag with the type attribute of "submit", which sends the associated form's data to the server when clicked.
Text area
Widget is an input element specified by <textarea>
Text box
Widget is an input element with the type attribute of txt that allows users to enter a single line of text.
List Box
Widget is created by specifying a size with the select element's size attribute.
<iframe>
YouTube video may be embedded in a web page with THIS.. Allows a web page to be embedded in a rectangular area of the current web page. Uses the src attribute to specify the URL of the web page to display and the width and height attributes to define the width and height in pixels of the rectangular iframe.
<source>
element is used inside the <audio tag to specify an audio file to play.
<datalist>
which provides the drop-down list options.
