Chapter 31 (PEDS)

If a medication is being administered by the otic route, it will be administered in which of the following ways? a) Rolled between the hands and drawn up into a small syringe. b) Lubricated and gently placed into the rectum. c) Warmed to room temperature and dropped into the ear. d) Warmed to room temperature and dropped into the eye.

Warmed to room temperature and dropped into the ear.

A toddler requires 1.5 mL of an antibiotic given intramuscularly (IM). How will the nurse administer this medication? a) Seek an order for an oral form of the antibiotic. b) Reduce the volume of the dose using less diluent than recommended to prepare the antibiotic for IM injection. c) Divide the dose. Administer 0.75 mL IM in each vastus lateralis. d) Administer the antibiotic IM in the rectus femoris.

Divide the dose. Administer 0.75 mL IM in each vastus lateralis.

The nurse has an order to give a rectal suppository to a 3-month-old child. In addition to lubricating the suppository, which of the following will the nurse do before or during the procedure? a) Use the index finger to insert into the rectum b) Hold the buttocks tightly together for one to two minutes. c) Place the child on the abdomen. d) Warm the suppository in the hand for 10 to 20 seconds.

Hold the buttocks tightly together for one to two minutes.

The nurse is caring for an 8-year-old girl who requires medication that is only available in an enteric tablet form. The nurse is teaching the mother how to help the girl swallow the medication. Which of the following statements indicates a need for further teaching? a) "I can encourage her to place it on the back of her tongue." b) "I can pinch her nose to make it easier to swallow." c) "We cannot crush this type of pill as it will affect the delivery of the medication." d) "We can place the tablet in a spoonful of applesauce."

"I can pinch her nose to make it easier to swallow."

A nurse has just given otic medication instructions to the parents of a 12-year-old. Which of the following statements would indicate that the parents need further education concerning the medication? a) "I will hold the dropper one-half inch above the ear canal and be certain not to touch the ear with the dropper." b) "After removing the medication from the refrigerator I need to roll it gently in my palms until it becomes room temperature." c) "I will pull the outer ear down and back before administering the medication." d) "I will pull the outer ear gently up and back before instilling the ear drops."

"I will pull the outer ear down and back before administering the medication."

The nurse is providing teaching on how to administer nasal drops. Which of the following responses by the parents indicates a need for further teaching? a) "We need to be careful not to stimulate a sneeze." b) "Our daughter should lie on her back with her head hyperextended." c) "We must not let the dropper make contact with the nasal membranes." d) "She needs to remain still for at least 10 minutes after administration."

"She needs to remain still for at least 10 minutes after administration."

The nurse is preparing to administer the Hepatitis B vaccine to a newborn shortly after birth. Which of the following would be most appropriate for the nurse to do? a) Administer the medication in the vastus lateralisusing a 20 gauge needle b) Administer the medication in the dorsoglutealsite using a 25 gauge needle c) Administer the medication in the infant's vastus lateralis with a 25 guage needle d) Administer the medication in the deltoid muscle with a 20 gauge needle

Administer the medication in the infant's vastus lateralis with a 25 guage needle

The nurse enters the room to give a subcutaneous injection of insulin to a 6-year-old female diabetic patient. Which of the following is the best method of medication administration for this patient? a) Ask the patient if it is okay to give her the injection now. b) Tell the patient that she is to remain very still and not cry. c) Announce to the patient that it is time for her insulin and give the injection matter-of-factly. d) Ask the patient where she would like to have the nurse give the injection.

Ask the patient where she would like to have the nurse give the injection.

The nurse is preparing a subcutaneous insulin injection for a preschooler. How and where should the nurse administer the insulin? a) At a 90-degree angle into the vastus lateralis b) At a 45- to 90-degree angle into the elevated tissue of the upper arm c) At a 45- to 90-degree degree angle into the rectus femoris d) At a 45-degree angle into the deltoid of the upper arm

At a 45- to 90-degree angle into the elevated tissue of the upper arm

Which of the following assessment is the most important for determining an accurate dose of a pediatric medication? a) Height b) Age c) Body mass index d) Body surface area

Body surface area

The nurse caring for a 6-year-old patient enters the room to administer an oral medication in the form of a pill. The dad at the bedside looks at the pill and tells the nurse that his daughter has a hard time swallowing pills. Which of the following is the best response by the nurse? a) Crush the pill and add it to applesauce. b) Ask the child to try swallowing the pill and offer a choice of drinks to take with it. c) Request that the physician prescribe the medication in liquid form. d) Call the pharmacy and ask if the pill can be crushed.

Call the pharmacy and ask if the pill can be crushed.

The nurse is administering an oral medication that comes in an elixir form. When giving the medication, the child begins to choke and sputter. The nurse confers with the pharmacist about alternate ways to give the medication to this child. The pharmacist might recommend that the nurse should a) Give the medication in a glass of orange juice b) Ask the care provider to change the order to give a drug that is comes in a suspension c) Mix the medication with food so the medication will be easy to swallow d) Dilute the elixir so that the medication is not as hard to swallow

Dilute the elixir so that the medication is not as hard to swallow

As you prepare to administer a medication to a preschooler, you realize that she is extremely underweight for her age. What action would you take? a) Give her one-half the ordered dose. b) Call the child's physician and alert him or her to the dosage error. c) Measure her height and weight, and check whether the dose is correct for her. d) Give her the prescribed dose, because dose is determined by nomogram, not weight.

Measure her height and weight, and check whether the dose is correct for her.

A 3-year-old boy has developed otitis media and requires antibiotics. In order to increase the chance that the boy will take his prescribed medication, the nurse should a) Teach the boy about the fact that he will feel much better after he takes his medications. b) Insert a central intravenous line. c) Have the mother hold the child firmly and sooth him while the drugs are administered. d) Offer a choice between liquid and chewable medications, if possible.

Offer a choice between liquid and chewable medications, if possible

A parent must administer a medication in syrup form to a 2-month-old infant. The nurse suggests: a) Placing the syrup in a small amount of rice cereal b) Mixing the syrup in a small amount of formula c) Using a measured medicine spoon d) Placing the medicine in an empty nipple without an attached bottle

Placing the medicine in an empty nipple without an attached bottle

An order for an intramuscular medication has been ordered for a 4-year-old. The nurse finds the child in the playroom with his caregiver. Which of the following actions by the nurse would be the best procedure to follow when administering this medication? a) Move him to a spot in the room where no other children are playing and give the injection. Reward him with a lollipop or sticker if he cooperates. Complete all required documentation. b) Take him to a separate treatment room to give him his injection. Praise his cooperation even if he cries. Take him back to the playroom. Complete all required documentation. c) Take him back to his bed to give him his injection. Let him go back to the playroom if he doesn't cry. Complete all required documentation. d) Ask the caregiver to let you know when he is finished playing and give him his injection in a treatment room at that time. Document the time you actually give the injection.

Take him to a separate treatment room to give him his injection. Praise his cooperation even if he cries. Take him back to the playroom. Complete all required documentation.

The nurse is administering a medication that is enteric-coated. Which of the following nursing responsibilities is the most important when administering this medication? a) The nurse should remove the coating and sprinkle the medication on the child's food. b) The nurse should dissolve and dilute the medication. c) The nurse should not crush the medication. d) The nurse should administer this medication with milk or food.

The nurse should not crush the medication.

When administering medications to an infant which of the following would be most important for the nurse to consider? a) The oral medication should be directed toward the posterior side of the mouth when using a syringe or dropper. b) The infant will take oral medications more readily after he or she has been fed. c) The infant will take a medication more readily if the flavor is disguised. d) The infant will take medications more readily if he or she is allowed to move the head as he or she desires.

The oral medication should be directed toward the posterior side of the mouth when using a syringe or dropper.

A nursing student is administering medications to her patient, Tommy, on a pediatric floor. What action by the student demonstrates a need for further instruction? a) The student checks the medical record before giving the medication. b) The student checks the medication sheet before giving the medication. c) The student asks the patient if he is Tommy before giving the medication. d) The student checks Tommy's identification band before giving the medication.

The student asks the patient if he is Tommy before giving the medication.

A nursing student learning about medication administration for children identifies correctly that a medication labeled "otic" is given in which of the following ways? a) in the conjunctival sac b) in the ear canal c) in the nose d) in the mouth

in the ear canal

A nurse who works with pediatric patients will use which of the following to estimate body surface area to calculate medication dosages? a) sonogram b) calculator c) anagram d) nomogram

nomogram

The nurse is preparing to give an oral medication to an 11-year-old patient. Which of the following is the best approach for the nurse to take? a) Provide preparation through play. b) Introduce a bottle first, to prepare the patient for swallowing. c) Use abstract rationales when explaining the need for the medication. d) Allow independence from the parent in the process of medication administration.

Allow independence from the parent in the process of medication administration.

The caregivers of a 1-year-old tell the nurse they are frustrated because the medication their child requires daily comes in pill form, which they have been unable to get him to swallow. After clarifying with the pharmacist, which of the following would be appropriate advice for the nurse to give these caregivers to help them make sure make sure the child gets the full dose of medication each day? a) Break the tablet into smaller pieces and put them beneath his tongue. Remember that babies need to learn how to swallow, so if he thrusts the pill piece out of his mouth, simply push it back in. b) Hold him firmly on the caregiver's lap and insert the tablet beneath his tongue; hold his mouth firmly shut for a minute or so until his urge to expel the tablet passes. c) Dissolve the tablet in water and add a little corn syrup; have him drink the resulting fluid. d) Grind the tablet to a powder and give it to the child in the pureed peas he loves to eat.

Dissolve the tablet in water and add a little corn syrup; have him drink the resulting fluid.

To give eardrops to a 4-year-old, which of the following would be the best technique to use? a) Pull the pinna of the ear up and back. b) Press the pinna of the ear forward. c) Lift the pinna of the ear down and back. d) Pull the pinna of the ear downward.

Pull the pinna of the ear up and back.

The nurse is preparing to administer an IV antibiotic to a 10-year-old child. After calculating the recommended dose with the patient's weight, the nurse discovers the ordered dose exceeds the safe dose range in a pediatric drug reference. The medication has been given to the child at this dose for three days. Which of the following should the nurse's next action be? a) Ask the patient's parents if this dose has been given all week b) Verify the dose with the prescribing practitioner c) Give the ordered dose since the patient has been receiving that dose for 3 days d) Call pharmacy

Verify the dose with the prescribing practitioner

The nurse is preparing to administer an IV antibiotic to a patient. After calculating the recommended dose with the patient's weight she discovers the ordered dose exceeds the safe dose range in a pediatric drug book. The medication has been given to the patient at this dose for three days. Which of the following should the nurse's next action be? a) Ask the patient's parents if this dose has been given all week. b) Give the ordered dose since the patient has been receiving that dose for 3 days. c) Call the pharmacy. d) Verify the dose with the prescribing practitioner.

Verify the dose with the prescribing practitioner.