chapter 34

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false

Crepitation with rib fractures is generally felt over the abdomen.

false. hemothorax is blood in the thoracic cavity

Air in the chest cavity is a hemothorax.

bradycardia

All of the following are signs and symptoms of major chest trauma except; hemoptysis, cyanosis, bradycardia, paradoxical movement

false

An occlusive dressing must be taped on all four sides to protect the chest wound.

lift a corner and allow pressure to escape

If a patient develops respiratory distress after an occlusive dressing has been applied to a chest wound, the EMT should

open pneumothorax (sucking chest wound)

Is a result of an open wound to the chest by a penetrating object. Air may be heard escaping or entering through the chest wound, creating a bubbling or sucking sound. Signs and Symptoms are the same as for a closed pneumothorax, with the exception of an open wound to the chest. You must immediately occlude an open wound to the chest. Initially seal it with your gloved hand and then with an occlusive dressing.

false.

Jugular venous distension is an early sign of a tension pneumothorax.

true

When a sucking chest wound is detected, immediate care is to cover it with an occlusive dressing.

tension pneumothorax

an immediately life threatening condition resulting from a pneumothorax that continues to trap air in the thoracic cavity with no relief or escape.

A screwdriver impaled in the chest should be managed by

stabilizing it with a bulky dressing

pneumothorax

the accumulation of air in the pleural cavity, causing collapse of a portion of the lung. Usually due to either blunt or penetrating trauma.

hemothorax

thoracic cavity is filled with blood rather than air.

A flail segment occurs

with a fracture of two or more ribs in two or more places

pulmonary contusion

Bleeding in the alveoli caused by a blunt force trauma which prevents gas exchange.

reduce oxygen exchange via aveoli

A pulmonary contusion can be life-threatening because it can

when to use cpap

- Acute pulmonary edema - Obstructive lung disease - Bronchospasm - With beta-2 agonists - Pulse Ox < 90% - Breathing Rate > 26

true

A patient with a chest injury is considered a high priority.

true

A blow to the chest may cause ineffective heart pumping.

false

A pneumothorax occurs only if there is a break in the skin over the chest cavity.

false

During exhalation, the diaphragm contracts and moves downward.

signs and symptoms of pneumothorax

respiratory distress, sharp chest pain, absent breath sounds on one side and sudden onset of dyspnea (shortness of breath)

pericardial tamponade

diagnosis due to fluid in the pericardium that exerts pressure on the heart and hampers its ability to contract normally.

signs and symptoms of tension pneumothorax

rapid deterioration, severe respiratory distress, signs of shock, absent breath sounds on one side. other signs and symptoms include cyanosis, unequal movement of the chest, distended neck veins, diminished breath sounds on the side opposite to the injury, and deviation of the trachea to the uninjured side.


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