chapter 35 respiratory tract

The approximate length of the trachea, or windpipe, is _____ cm.

11

The length of the pharynx is about _____ cm.

12.5

The total number of lobes in both lungs is:

5.

Which of the following does not distribute air?

Alveolus

Which of the following lists the correct sequence of air as it passes through the nose into the pharynx?

Anterior nares vestibule inferior, middle, and superior meatus posterior nares

Which is a pyramid-shaped cartilage that is an attachment point of the vocal cords?

Arytenoid

Which is the most proximal part of the air distribution system that no longer contains cartilage?

Bronchioles

Which of the following is not part of the respiratory membrane?

Ciliated respiratory mucosa

Which of the following is a paired cartilage in the larynx?

Cuneiform

Which of the following is not a function of the pharynx?

Determines the quality of the voice

Which of the following is not a function of the respiratory system?

Distributes oxygen to cells

Which of these structures is not a part of the glottis?

False vocal cords

Which of these structures is not found in the left lung?

Horizontal fissure

Which statement differentiates between the intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the larynx and explains which one moves the larynx?

Intrinsic muscles have both their origin and insertion on the larynx, whereas extrinsic muscles insert on the larynx but have their origin on some other structure; neither muscle moves nor displaces the larynx as a whole.

Which of the following is true of the cribriform plate?

It separates the nasal and cranial cavities.

Which of these structures is not part of the lower respiratory tract?

Larynx

Which of the following is not a paranasal sinus?

Mandibular

Which of the following is not a subdivision of the thoracic cavity?

Medial pleural division

Which of the following is not part of the external portion of the nose?

Palatine bones

Which pair of tonsils is located in the oropharynx?

Palatine tonsils Lingual tonsils

Which of these structures is not part of the nasal septum?

Perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone Vomer bone Vomeronasal cartilage

Which pair of tonsils is located in the nasopharynx?

Pharyngeal tonsils

Which describes the role of surfactant in the respiratory system?

Surfactant helps reduce surface tension within the alveoli, thus preventing each alveolus from collapsing as air moves in and out during respiration.

What aspects of the structure of lung tissue make efficient gas exchange possible?

The enormous surface area and the respiratory membrane, where the very thin-walled alveoli and equally thin-walled pulmonary capillaries make possible extremely rapid diffusion of gases between alveolar air and pulmonary capillary blood

Which of these is the only opening to the oropharynx?

The fauces

Which of the following statements is not true about the respiratory mucosa?

The longer a cilia is exposed to a toxin, the more effectively it moves to expel it.

Anatomically, how does the right bronchus differ from the left bronchus, and what effect might this have on the aspiration of objects?

The right bronchus is slightly larger and more vertical than the left. This anatomical fact helps explain why aspirated foreign objects frequently lodge in the right bronchus.

Which of the following is not a characteristic of the paranasal sinuses?

They drain or open into the oropharynx.

Which of the following is true of the intrinsic muscles of the larynx?

They serve in voice production.

Which of the following is not an accessory structure of the respiratory system?

Trachea

Which of these is not an opening in the pharynx?

Trachea

Which statement describes the function of the turbinates in the respiratory tract?

Turbinates serve as baffles to provide a large, mucus-covered surface area over which air must pass before reaching the pharynx.

For purposes of study, the respiratory system can be divided into what two parts?

Upper respiratory tract and lower respiratory tract

Which of the following is not lined with a ciliated mucous membrane?

Vestibule

Paranasal sinuses are normally filled with:

air.

The small openings in the cribriform plate function to:

allow branches of the olfactory nerve to enter the cranial cavity and reach the brain.

Gas exchange, the lungs' main and vital function, takes place in the:

alveoli.

The smallest branches of the bronchial tree are:

bronchioles.

The structures that deflect air as it passes through the nose are called:

conchae.

Olfactory epithelium is found:

covering the superior turbinate.

The lower border of the cavity of the larynx is formed by the:

cricoid cartilage.

Air inhaled through the mouth would be _____ than air inhaled through the nose.

dirtier

The small, leaf-shaped cartilage behind the tongue and hyoid bone is the:

epiglottis.

The cribriform plate is part of the:

ethmoid bone.

Ciliated cells lining the respiratory tract:

help move the mucus blanket toward the pharynx.

In the right lung, the superior and middle lobes are separated by the:

horizontal fissure

Cellular respiration occurs:

in the mitochondria.

The vomeronasal organ:

is the structure that joins the nasal cavity and the vomer bone. may be able to respond to complex chemicals called pheromones

10. The largest of the paranasal sinuses is the:

maxillary.

The eustachian tube connects the middle ear with the:

nasopharynx

The external openings to the nasal cavities can be referred to as:

nostrils. anterior nares. external nares.

At the level of the hyoid bone, the:

oropharynx becomes the laryngopharynx.

The anatomical division of the pharynx that is located behind the mouth from the soft palate above to the level of the hyoid bone below is called the:

oropharynx.

The fauces, one of the seven openings found in the pharynx, opens into the:

oropharynx.

The more correct name for a sore throat is:

pharyngitis

The function of surfactant is to:

prevent each alveolus from collapsing as air moves in and out during respiration.

The function of the vibrissae in the vestibule is to:

provide an initial "filter" to screen particulate matter from air that is entering the system.

The respiratory portion of the nasal passage is lined with a mucous membrane made up of _____ epithelium.

pseudostratified columnar

The divisions of the thoracic cavity include all of the following except the:

respiratory cavity.

Gas exchange occurs across the:

respiratory membrane.

The hollow nasal cavity is separated by a midline partition called the:

septum.

The more common name for the pharynx is the:

throat.

The structure in the neck known as the "Adam's apple" is the:

thyroid cartilage.

The upper respiratory tract includes all of the following structures except the

trachea.