Chapter 4
After Massachusetts became a royal colony in 1691, the defining characteristic of Massachusetts citizenship became a. wealth b. divine grace c. familial connections to england d. ties of nobility
a
Among other things, religious toleration in Quaker-dominated Pennsylvania meant that colonists there a. did not have to pay taxes to maintain a state-supported church b. could attend any church but were required to worship every week c. did not have to put with Catholics d. tended to be less religious than in other colonies
a
Charles II made William Penn the proprietor of a new colony partly a. to ride England of Quakers b. to keep him quiet about corruption and scandal involving the queen c. to spread the system of Quaker beliefs d. to encourage Methodists to move from England
a
English puritans rejected Catholic rituals and instead emphasized a. introspection and a personal relationship with God b. man's place in nature c. a stronger church hierachy d. protestant rituals and catechisms
a
In the 17th century, Puritan churches a. experienced a growing number of divisions over issues of doctrine and church government b. were remarkably homogeneous in belief c. had a policy of tolerating dissent as long as a dissenter came to church regularly d. realized they had to work together to counter the hostile forces in the new land
a
Puritan communities in the first half of the 17th century could be characterized by a. a high degree of conformity in community members' views on morality, order, a property b. huge celebrations on holy holidays such as Christmas or Easter. c. conformity to a work ethic that demanded that children as young as eight work alongside their parents. d. strict segregation of males and females in worship
a
By the end of the 17th century, colonial commerce was characterized by a. a status equality with England as the colonies and the mother country cooperated and made joint decisions on trade matters. b. strong ties to England due to royal supervision of merchants and shippers, the protection of the British navy, and a healthy flow of imports and exports between the colonies and England c. an increasing independence from its former ties with the British Empire d. stagnation because the colonies were forbidden by England from importing anything but English-made goods
b
Churches played no role in the civil government of New England communities because a. Puritans believed it to be sacrilegious to conduct the affairs of government in the same structure used to worship god b. Puritans did not want to emulate the Church of England, which they considered a puppet of the king rather than an independent body that served the lord c. the majority of Puritans wanted to ensure that minor religious retained their autonomy and freedom d. Puritans held relgious beliefs should never influence the government
b
The puritan doctrine of predestination held that before the creation of the world, God had decided who would achieve salvation, a. that nothing one did alter one's fate, and that God might change his mind at any time b. that nothing one did could alter one's fate, and that very deserved or would achieve eternal life c. and that God would communicate clearly with each soul he had decided to save d. that nothing one did could alter one's fate, and that because of God's love for humankind most would know eternal life.
b
16th century English Puritanism a. interpreted Protestantism as a call for increased influence of the clergy in the lived of average parishioners. b. was a well-organized, centrally administered religious reform movement c. was a set of broadly interpreted ideas and religious principles held by those seeking to purify the Church of England and to remove from it what they considered the offensive features of catholicism d. took few ideas from Martin Luther and John Calvin
c
As Roger Williams spent a great deal of time with Native Americans, he believed a. that all Indians should be converted to Puritan faith b. English settlers had a legal right to take Indian-held land. c. that Indian religion and culture was as good as that of the Puritans d. that Indian religion was evil and blasphemous
c
King William's war, an attack by Great Lakes and Canadian French forces on villages in New England and New York, demonstrated to the American colonists that a. the French were not committed to hanging on their New World possessions b. they needed to populate the western territory as soon as possible to drive out the French c. English military protection from hostile neighbors was still very valuable d. they could their own in military matters
c
The Puritans who Massachusetts Bay colony a. struggled to survive and relied on their Plymouth compatriots for help b. were glad to be able to settle near like-minded coreligionists down the coast at Plymouth c. had not broken completely with the Church of England and had no use for the Separatist beliefs of some of their fellow englishmen who earlier had founded the Plymouth colony d. invited Plymouth settlers to move north to their colony
c
The Wampanoag Indians attacked the New England settlements in 1675 because a. of a long-standing feud over the kidnapping of a Puritan woman that finally erupted into warfare. b. a new spiritual leader arose among the Wampanoags and commanded the Indians to drive the whites from their homeland. c. The New Englanders had been steadily encroaching on land the Indians needed to survive d. the Indians were tired of the Puritans trying to convert them.
c
The colony of New Netherland was marked by a a. large population consisting almost exclusively of people from France and Spain b. large remarkably diverse population c. small, remarkably diverse population d. small, remarkably homogeneous population
c
The creation of New York led indirectly to the founding of two other middle colonies, a. Deleware and Pennsylvania b. Pennsylvania and Maryland c. New Jersey and Pennsylvania d. New Jersey and Maryland
c
King Phillip's War (1676) left New England settlers with a. a society so devastated by death and destruction that fresh infusions of English settlers were required to repopulate many areas b. the task of rebuilding Boston, which the Nipmucks and Narragansett's had leveled c. a deep and abiding respect for native americans d. a large war Debby, a devastated frontier, and an enduring hatred of indians
d
The English monarchs James I and Charles I a. embraced strict Catholicism b. cooperated with Parliament to ease religious tensions c. struggled to implement Protestant reforms d. enforced conformity to the church of england
d
The Wampanoag Indians attacked the New England settlements in 1675 because a. the Indians were tired of the puritans trying to convert them b. of a long-standing feud over the kidnapping of a puritan woman that finally erupted into warfare c. a new spiritual leader arose among the Wampanoags and commanded the Indians to drive the whites from their homeland d. the New englanders had been steadily encroaching on land the Indians needed to survive
d
The migration to puritan New England included a. a less healthy group of people than immigrants to the Chesapeake b. mostly women and children c. a high proportion of servants and slaves d. a greater number of complete family units than most groups of immigrants in American history
d
When the English assumed control of New Netherland, they continued the Dutch policy of religious toleration because a. New York became a proving ground for England's own newly enacted policies regarding religious toleration b. King Charles II's liberal religious views influenced the policies there. c. colonists there agreed to provide twice as many recruits for the English army than other other colonies provided d. the heterogeneity of New Netherland made imposing a uniform religion not only difficult but nearly impossible
d
Which colony attracted dissenters through the protection of "Liberty of Conscience"? a. Massachusetts b. Connecticut c. Maryland d. Rhode Island
d
Roger Williams was a. a vocal dissenter in early Massachusetts who challenged the religious and political leadership of the colony's powerful men. b. the governor of Massachusetts from 1640 to 1652. c. the chief minister in Boston to whom all other Puritan clergymen reported. d. the first Massachusetts settler to lead a puritan exodus to New York.
a
The Quaker maxim "In souls there is no sex" helps explain a. the degree to which Quakers allowed women to assure positions of religious leadership in the seventeenth century b. the fact that Quakers generally frowned upon the customary general structure of their own day and time c. why quaker women held many important political offices in 17th century Pennsylvania
a
Widespread political participation of males in New England town meetings led to a. a reinforcement of community conformity b. small-scale social revolts at the village level. c. constant challenge to the Puritan hierarchy d. the splintering of Puritan communities
a
William Penn aimed to a. establish a genuinely Quaker colony in the Americas. b. drive Quakers from the English colonies c. create a colony that banned all religious practices d. oust the Indians from the area that became Pennsylvania.
a
During most of the seventeenth century, New Netherland was a. an English colony based on tobacco farming and trade with the Dutch. b. a Dutch colony whose land was discovered in exploration made by Henry Hudson in 1609. c. a dutch colony whose land was discovered in explorations made by Peter Stuyvesant in the 1630s. d. the fastest-growing colony in the New World due to its popularity with European immigrants.
b
England created the Dominion of New England, a new government consolidation that a. placed all northern colonies under the rule of a local council located in Boston b. placed all colonies north of Maryland under more direct control by England and invalidated all land titles c. invalidated all colonial charters in the religion except the one held by Massachusetts d. actually relocated part of Parliament to America as a way to represents colonists more effectively
b
In 1664, New Netherland a. become New Jersey when the king purchased it from the Netherlands as a part of a deal stipulating that the dutch exit the new world forever b. became New York when King Charles II presented it to his brother James, the Duke of York, as a part of a larger grant of land c. formed a representative government and lowered property taxes in the colony d. established a stronger colonial government that proved able to thwart England's bid to overrun the colony.
b
In 1688, the Glorious Revolution in England influenced American colonists to a. show their support for religious convictions of King James II b. rise up against royal authority (and the concept of the Dominion of New England) in Massachusetts, New York, and Maryland. c. pledge new support for the concept of the Dominion of New England. d. Organize military groups to sail to England to help overthrow William of Orange
b
New England Puritanism owed its religious roots to the a. schism between the Roman and Byzantine churches b. Protestant Reformation of the early 16th century c. Mayflower compact d. followers of John Huss during the fifteenth century
b
New England's population continued to grow steadily during the 17th century primarily due to a. an influx of settlers from colonies farther south b. a relatively high birthrate coupled with a climate that helped many children survive and live into adulthood c. the continuing flood of immigrants from England d. a new source of immigrants from continental Europe
b
Puritans in England in mid-seventeenth century a. decided the some elements of Catholicism would serve them well. b. won a civil war, proclaimed England a puritan republic, and ruled the nation from 1649 to 1660. c. disappeared as a religious group. d. organized an army and proceeded to attack continental Europe.
b
Puritans viewed Quakers as a. valuable religious and intellectual competitors whose presence in New England served to uphold basic Puritan beliefs b. dangerous to Puritan doctrines of faith and social order to the point that Puritans executed a few Quakers. c. welcome members of New England communities who contributed much to life there d. wrongly persecuted fellow christians with whom they negotiated to organize a colony in Maine.
b
Puritans who described themselves as Separatists believed that a. a strict interpretation of the Bible required separate religious services for men and women b. the Church of England was beyond redemption and sought to separate themselves from it permanently c. their religious convictions should remain separate from those found on the European continent d. a trial separation from the Church of England would've them time to sort out what they most needed to change in their religious lives
b
The 17th century, New England economy mainly consisted of a. diversified agriculture producing staples for the world market b. subsistence farming mixed with fishing and timber harvesting for markets in Europe and the West Indies c. little more than subsistence farming with some produce for local market d. re-exporting commodities shipped from England
b
The Halfway Covenant a. legal agreement between merchants and shippers dividing the cost of lost cargoes between the two. b. measure instituted by Puritan leaders in 1662 allowing the unconverted children of visible saints to become half way church members c. measure designed to alleviate a labor glut in Massachusetts by instituting a half-day's pay for a half-day's work d. a rule adopted in Massachusetts allowing the unconverted to worship in the colony's meetinghouses, but only in the back
b
The navigation Acts of the 1650s and 1660s were designed to regulate colonial trade in order to a. line the pockets of those sitting in the house of lords b. help colonists in North America make enough money to free themselves from dependence on British merchandising schemes. c. yield revenues for the crown and English merchants and divert the colonies' trade from England's competitors and enemies d. ensure that all European nations had equal access to goods produced in America, an early attempt at global free trade
c
Accusing people of witchcraft in 17th century New England seems to have been a. a creatively perpetrated hoax, as few people believed in witches. b. a way to explain the continual disorder in some communities by blaming difficulties on mostly older, relatively defenseless men assumed to be in league with Satan. c. a way to explain the continual disorder in some communities blaming difficulties on young, prosperous women who elicited jealously among well-to-do colonists. d. a way to explain the continual disorder in some communities by blaming difficulties on mostly older, relatively defenseless women assumed to be in league with satan.
d
Anne Hutchinson's emphasis on the "covenant of grace" stirred religious controversy in Early Massachusetts because a. she encouraged other women to take an active part in religious governance b. she said the Puritan leaders should be excommunicated c. she said only he followers would achieve salvation d. it was feared she was disrupting the good order of the colony
d
For the most part, the Puritans who settled Massachusetts Bay colony a. sprang from the same social origins as those settling Virginia and Maryland b. were well represented by noblemen who had tired of life in England. c. were members of the landed gentry seeking new outlets in the economy of the New World d. were farmers or tradesmen who came from the middle ranks of English society
d
