Chapter 4 Chemical Bonds

When calcium reacts with chlorine, the reaction involves a A) transfer of electrons from Ca to Cl. B) transfer of electrons from Cl to Ca. C) sharing of electrons between Ca and Cl. D) creation of electrons.

A) transfer of electrons from Ca to Cl.

The noble gases are inert. This means they A) undergo very few chemical reactions. B) exist as gases at room temperature. C) undergo many chemical reactions. D) lose and gain electrons easily.

A) undergo very few chemical reactions.

An electron-dot structure is a convenient method of representing A) valence electrons of an atom. B) core electrons of an atom. C) all electrons of the atom. D) the complete electron configuration of the atom.

A) valence electrons of an atom.

The valence shell electron pair repulsion theory (VSEPR) is used to A) predict the bonding pattern in molecules. B) predict the three dimensional structure of molecules. C) predict the electronegativity of atoms. D) predict the number of multiple bonds in a molecule.

B) predict the three dimensional structure of molecules.

A covalent bond is formed when a pair of electrons is A) transferred. B) shared. C) split. D) destroyed.

B) shared.

The VSEPR theory is based on A) the neutralization of ionic charge in a molecule. B) the minimization of repulsion among valence electron pairs. C) the arrangement of core electrons in a molecule. D) the loss and gain of electrons based on electronegativity.

B) the minimization of repulsion among valence electron pairs.

If a central atom has a total of three electron sets and no lone pairs attached to it, the geometry about the central atom is A) linear. B) trigonal planar. C) tetrahedral. D) pyramidal.

B) trigonal planar.

In the formula for copper(II) phosphate, the number of phosphorus atoms is A) one. B) two. C) three. D) four.

B) two.

The number of protons in a chloride ion, Cl-, is A) 16. B) 17. C) 18. D) 35.

B. 17.

The number of electrons in a chloride ion, Cl-, is A) 16. B) 17. C) 18. D) 35.

C) 18.

Which is the electron dot structure for nitrogen, N2? A) 6N2N6N B) 4N4N4 C) 2N6N2 D) N8N

C) 2N6N2

How many electrons are there in a double bond? A) 1 B) 2 C) 4 D) 6

C) 4

Which of the following molecules is polar? A) O2 B) CCl4 C) CH2Cl2 D) CO2

C) CH2Cl2

Where does an element X (X with 3 electrons) with the electron dot structure fit in the periodic table? A) Group 1A B) Group 2A C) Group 3A D) Group 5A

C) Group 3A

Acetylene is used in high temperature metal cutting torches. The formula of acetylene is C2H2. The structure of acetylene is A) H—C—C—H. B) H—C--C—H. C) H—C---C—H. D) C—H---H—C.

C) H—C---C—H.

Which of the following is a binary compound? A) HCN B) O2 C) LiBr D) Na2SO4

C) LiBr

The compound dinitrogen trioxide would have the chemical formula A) NO3. B) N3O2. C) N2O3. D) N2O5.

C) N2O3.

Hydrogen and nitrogen react to form A) NH. B) NH2. C) NH3. D) NH4.

C) NH3.

The structure of formaldehyde, CH2O, has A) all ionic bonds. B) all single covalent bonds. C) a double covalent bond between carbon and oxygen. D) a triple covalent bond between carbon and oxygen.

C) a double covalent bond between carbon and oxygen.

A sodium ion, Na+, has the same electron configuration as a(n) A) sodium atom. B) chlorine atom. C) neon atom. D) argon atom.

C) neon atom.

The anion formed when oxygen gains two electrons is called the A) oxygen ion. B) oxyide ion. C) oxide ion. D) oxy ion.

C) oxide ion.

The cation formed when a sodium atom loses an electron is called the A) sodide ion. B) sodate ion. C) sodium ion. D) soda ion.

C) sodium ion.

If a central atom has four electron sets attached to it, the geometry about the central atom is A) linear. B) trigonal planar. C) tetrahedral. D) pyramidal.

C) tetrahedral.

The best description of the shape of an ammonia molecule is A) linear. B) bent. C) trigonal pyramidal. D) tetrahedral.

C) trigonal pyramidal.

If two atoms from the same element share three pairs of electrons in forming a molecule the bond is called a A) single covalent bond. B) double covalent bond. C) triple covalent bond. D) coordinate covalent bond.

C) triple covalent bond.

With respect to chemical bonding, which particles play the most active role? A) protons B) neutrons C) valence electrons D) core electrons

C) valence electrons

The attraction between positive and negative ions is known as a(n) A) covalent bond. B) crystal bond. C) ionic bond. D) molecular bond.

C. ionic bond.

When atoms lose or gain electrons in chemical reactions they form A) new atoms. B) noble gases. C) nucleons. D) ions.

D) ions.

The shape of the carbon dioxide molecule is A) pyramidal. B) trigonal planar. C) tetrahedral. D) linear.

D) linear.

Covalent bonds generally form between A) ions. B) metals. C) metals and nonmetals. D) nonmetals.

D) nonmetals.

The shape of a methane molecule is best described as A) linear. B) trigonal planar. C) bent. D) tetrahedral.

D) tetrahedral.

In a nonpolar covalent bond, electrons are A) shared equally. B) shared unequally. C) transferred. D) uncharged.

A) shared equally.

Which one of the following has the LOWEST electronegativity? A) sodium B) oxygen C) chlorine D) fluorine

A) sodium

Which atom is least likely to form an ion? A) bromine, Br B) phosphorus, P C) aluminum, Al D) carbon, C

D) carbon, C

A central atom that has tetrahedral geometry will have a total of A) 4 electron sets and 0 lone pairs. B) 3 electron sets and 1 lone pairs. C) 2 electron sets and 1 lone pairs. D) 3 electron sets and 0 lone pairs.

A) 4 electron sets and 0 lone pairs.

Which is the electron dot structure of nitrogen? A) 5 electrons B) 6 electrons C) 4 electrons D) 3 electrons

A) 5 electrons

Which of the following compounds is NOT polar? A) CBr4 B) CH2F2 C) NF3 D) NH2I

A) CBr4

Chalk is primarily composed of calcium carbonate. The formula of calcium carbonate is A) CaCO3. B) Ca2CO3. C) Ca(CO3)2. D) Ca3(CO3)2.

A) CaCO3.

For which atom is it difficult to predict the most probable ionic charge using the periodic table? A) Co B) K C) Al D) Br

A) Co

Which substance has nonpolar covalent bonds? A) H2 B) NO2 C) NaBr D) CO

A) H2

Water is the common name for which molecule? A) H2O B) HO2 C) HO D) H2O2

A) H2O

Which of the noble gases does NOT have an octet of electrons in its outer shell? A) He B) Ne C) Ar D) Kr

A) He

The formula of magnesium nitride is A) Mg3N2. B) Mg2N3. C) Mg2N. D) MgN.

A) Mg3N2.

What is the formula of ammonium nitrate? A) NH4NO3 B) (NH4)2NO3 C) NH4(NO3)2 D) NH4N

A) NH4NO3

Sodium hydroxide is commonly known as lye. The formula of sodium hydroxide is A) NaOH. B) Na2OH. C) Na(OH)2. D) SOH.

A) NaOH.

Mg2+ has the same electronic structure as A) Ne. B) Mg. C) C. D) Ar

A) Ne.

The electron dot formula for carbon dioxide, CO2, is A) O: 4 electrons =C= O: 4 electrons B) O: 4 electrons - C: 2 electrons - O: 4 electrons C) O: 6 electrons - C: 2 electrons - O: 6 electrons D) O: 2 electrons -= C-= O: 2 electrons

A) O: 4 electrons =C= O: 4 electrons

Which substance has polar covalent bonds? A) SO2 B) N2 C) F2 D) BaO

A) SO2

The common name of the compound with the formula NH3 is A) ammonia. B) vinegar. C) methane. D) alcohol.

A) ammonia.

In the hydrogen chloride molecule, HCl, the chlorine end of the molecule is more negative than the hydrogen end because A) chlorine is more electronegative than hydrogen. B) hydrogen is more electronegative than chlorine. C) hydrogen and chlorine have the same electronegativity. D) hydrogen transfers an electron to chlorine.

A) chlorine is more electronegative than hydrogen.

A molecule that has a partial positive charge on one end and a partial negative charge on the other end is a A) dipole. B) nonpolar molecule. C) linear molecule. D) binary molecule.

A) dipole.

When magnesium combines with bromine, the bond formed is best classified as A) ionic. B) polar covalent C) metallic. D) nonpolar covalent.

A) ionic.

If a central atom has a total of two electron sets and no lone pairs attached to it, the geometry about the central atom is A) linear. B) trigonal planar. C) tetrahedral. D) pyramidal.

A) linear.

In reactions to form ionic compounds, metals generally A) lose electrons. B) gain electrons. C) become non-metals. D) do not react.

A) lose electrons.

When calcium reacts with iodine, calcium ions, Ca2+, and iodide ions, I-, are formed. In this reaction, calcium atoms A) lose electrons. B) gain electrons. C) lose protons. D) gain protons.

A) lose electrons.

Which is the electron dot structure of sulfur? A) 4 electrons B) 6 electrons C) 5 electrons D) 2, 4 electrons

B) 6 electrons

Which of the following statements about molecules is correct? A) A compound that contains only nonpolar bonds can be polar. B) A compound that contains only polar bonds can be nonpolar. C) A compound that contains only polar bonds must be polar. D) A compound that contains both polar and nonpolar bonds must be nonpolar.

B) A compound that contains only polar bonds can be nonpolar.

The chemical formula for silver sulfate is A) AgSO4. B) Ag2SO4. C) Ag(SO4)2. D) Ag3SO4.

B) Ag2SO4.

Methane is the common name for which molecule? A) NH3 B) CH4 C) HF D) CF4

B) CH4

Calcium reacts with chloride to form A) CaCl. B) CaCl2. C) Ca2Cl. D) Ca2Cl3.

B) CaCl2.

________ is the measure of the tendency of an atom in a molecule to attract a shared pair of electrons to itself. A) Ionization B) Electronegativity C) Polarity D) Precipitation

B) Electronegativity

The shape of a water molecule is A) linear. B) bent. C) tetrahedral. D) trigonal planar.

B) bent.

The shape of the sulfur dioxide molecule, where sulfur is the central atom is A) linear. B) bent. C) trigonal planar. D) tetrahedral.

B) bent.

The name of the compound S2O3 is A) disulfur oxide. B) disulfur trioxide. C) sulfur oxide. D) sulfur trioxide.

B) disulfur trioxide.

In reactions to form ionic compounds, nonmetals generally A) lose electrons. B) gain electrons. C) become metals. D) do not react.

B) gain electrons.

From the periodic table, the number of valence electrons for most of the main group elements may be determined directly from the A) atomic number. B) group number. C) period number. D) nucleon number.

B) group number.

The prefix which means seven is A) hexa. B) hepta. C) octa. D) tetra.

B) hepta.

Which of the following pairs is isoelectronic? A) Ar and Ne B) Ar and Na+ C) Ar and F- D) Ar and S2-

D) Ar and S2-

Which molecule is NOT likely to exist? A) N2 B) Br2 C) CI4 D) Ar2

D) Ar2

The electron dot formula for carbon monoxide, CO, is A) C: 4 electrons = O: 4 electrons B) C: 4 electrons - O: 4 electrons C) C: 6 electrons - O: 6 electrons D) C: 2 electrons -= O: 2 electrons

D) C: 2 electrons -= O: 2 electrons

Hydrogen and carbon react to form A) CH. B) CH2. C) CH3. D) CH4.

D) CH4.

Which substance has covalent bonds? A) KF B) NaF C) MgI2 D) CO2

D) CO2

The correct formula for iron(III) carbonate is A) FeCO3. B) Fe2CO3. C) Fe3CO3. D) Fe2(CO3)3.

D) Fe2(CO3)3.

The formula of iron(II) phosphate is A) FePO4. B) Fe2PO4. C) Fe2(PO4)3. D) Fe3(PO4)2.

D) Fe3(PO4)2.

Which substance has ionic bonds? A) Br2 B) NH3 C) H2O D) LiI

D) Lil

An oxide ion is A) O+. B) O2+. C) O-. D) O2-.

D) O2-.

Which of the following is a polyatomic ion? A) HCN B) Na+ C) H2 D) SO42-

D) SO42-

In a molecule of nitrogen, N2, the nitrogen atoms are bonded to each other by A) an ionic bond. B) a single covalent bond. C) a double covalent bond. D) a triple covalent bond.

D) a triple covalent bond.

The name of the compound with the formula AlCl3 is A) aluminum(III) chloride. B) aluminum trichloride. C) monoaluminum trichlorine. D) aluminum chloride.

D) aluminum chloride.