Chapter 4 End of Chapter Review
A nonvisible posterior fat pad on a well-exposed, correctly positioned lateral elbow radiograph generally suggests: a.negative study for injury. b.fracture of one of the bones of the elbow. c.injury to the synovial joint. d.a congenital defect.
A
A patient arrives in radiology with a metal foreign body in the palm of the hand. Which of the following hand routines should be performed on this patient to confirm the location of the foreign body? Select one: a.PA and lateral in extension projections b.PA and lateral in flexion projections c.PA and fan lateral projections d.PA and Gaynor-Hart method
A
A patient with a fractured forearm had the fracture reduced and a fiberglass cast placed on the extremity. The orthopedic surgeon orders a postreduction study. The original (analog) kVp was 60 kVp. Which one of the following kVp factors should be selected for the postreduction study? Select one: a.63 kVp b.67 kVp c.70 kVp d.75 kVp
A
A radiograph of a PA oblique of the hand reveals that the midshaft of the fourth and fifth metacarpals is superimposed. What specific positioning error has been committed? Select one: a.Excessive rotation of the hand and/or wrist laterally b.Insufficient rotation of the hand and/or wrist laterally c.Incorrect CR angulation d.Fingers of the hand are not parallel to IR
A
A radiograph of a tangential, inferosuperior projection of the carpal canal reveals that the hamular process is superimposed over the pisiform. Which of the following measures will correct this problem? Select one: a.Rotate the wrist and hand 10 degrees internally. b.Increase the CR angle. c.Decrease the CR angle. d.Increase the extension of the hand and/or wrist.
A
Carpal tunnel syndrome is more common in middle-aged women than in middle-aged men. Select one: a.True b.False
A
Local or generalized infection of bone or bone marrow caused by bacteria introduced by trauma or surgery is a condition termed: Select one: a.osteomyelitis. b.Paget disease. c.osteoarthritis. d.cellulitis.
A
Nuclear medicine is generally more sensitive than radiography for assessing bones of the upper limb for either metastatic bone lesions or stress fractures. Select one: a.True b.False
A
The Brewerton method requires a 15-degree proximal CR angle toward the ulna. Select one: a.True b.False
A
The CR placement for an AP axial projection (modified Robert's method) of the thumb is at the: Select one: a.first carpometacarpal joint. b.first proximal interphalangeal joint. c.first distal interphalangeal joint. d.midproximal phalanx of the first digit.
A
The first carpometacarpal joint is classified as a ____ joint. Select one: a.saddle b.ginglymus c.plane d.trochoidal
A
The joint found between the base of the third metacarpal and carpal bone is the: Select one: a.intercarpal. b.interphalangeal. c.carpometacarpal. d.proximal metacarpophalangeal.
A
The radiocarpal (wrist) joint possesses a(n) ____ type of joint movement. Select one: a.ellipsoidal b.ginglymus c.plane d.pivot
A
The two fat stripes of the wrist demonstrated radiographically are known as the scaphoid fat stripe and the _____ fat stripe. Select one: a.pronator b.pisiform c.abductor d.anterior
A
Which of the following projections of the wrist will best demonstrate the wrist joint and intercarpal spaces? Select one: a.AP b.PA c.Gaynor-Hart d.30-degree PA oblique Feedback The correct answer is: AP
A
Which of the following structures is considered to be most lateral? Select one: a.Capitulum b.Head of ulna c.Trochlea d.Coronoid tubercle
A
Which projection best demonstrates pathology involving the first carpometacarpal joint and trapezium? Select one: a.AP axial (modified Robert's method) b.PA oblique thumb c.Brewerton method d.PA scaphoid, ulnar deviation wrist projection
A
Which two structures primarily form the hinge-like structure and movement of the elbow joint? Select one: a.Trochlea and olecranon process b.Capitulum and trochlea c.Olecranon process and coronoid fossa d.Coronoid fossa and trochlea
A
Why is it important to keep the phalanges parallel to the IR for a PA oblique projection of the hand? Select one: a.Prevents foreshortening of phalanges and obscuring of interphalangeal joints. b.Prevents foreshortening of radiocarpal joint. c.Opens up the carpometacarpal joints. d.Demonstrates the sesamoid bones near the first interphalangeal joint.
A
With the radial head-lateromedial projections, what is the only difference between the four projections? Select one: a.The position of the hand and/or wrist b.The CR angulation c.The amount of flexion of the elbow d.The SID used for each projection
A
Which of the following bony structures is found on the distal aspect of the ulna? Select one: a.Coronoid process b.Head c.Olecranon process d.All of the options
B
Which of the following carpals articulates with the radius? Select one: a.Trapezium b.Scaphoid c.Pisiform d.Hamate
B
Which of the following structures is considered to be most distal? Select one: a.Radial head b.Styloid processes c.Radial tuberosity d.Capitulum
B
Which routine projection of the elbow will best demonstrate an elevated or visible posterior fat pad? Select one: a.True AP with no rotation b.True lateral with 90-degree flexion c.Lateral rotation oblique d.Coyle method
B
Which basic projection of the elbow best demonstrates the trochlear notch in profile? Select one: a.AP b.Lateral c.Medial rotation oblique d.Lateral rotation oblique
B
Grids are generally not required unless the anatomy measures greater than _____ cm in thickness. Select one: a.8 b.10 c.14 d.5
B
How many projections are required for the AP-acute flexion study of the elbow? Select one: a.One b.Two c.Three d.Four
B
How much flexion of the hand (in relationship to the IR) is required for the Brewerton method? Select one: a.45 degrees b.65 degrees c.5 to 10 degrees d.None of the options
B
How should the humeral epicondyles be aligned for a lateral projection of the elbow? Select one: a.Parallel to image receptor b.Perpendicular to image receptor c.45 degrees to image receptor d.30 degrees to image receptor
B
Rheumatoid arthritis is three times more common in men than women. Select one: a.True b.False
B
A "skier's thumb" is an injury of the: Select one: a.scaphoid. b.pronator fat stripe. c.ulnar collateral ligament. d.median nerve
C
A patient enters the emergency department (ED) with a Smith fracture. Which region of the upper limb must be radiographed to demonstrate this injury? Select one: a.Trapezium b.Elbow c.Wrist and forearm d.Hand
C
A radiograph of an AP projection of the elbow reveals that there is complete separation of the proximal radius and ulna. What positioning error has been committed? a.Excessive medial rotation b.Partial flexion of the joint c.Excessive lateral rotation d.Incorrect CR location and angle
C
A young child comes to radiology with an elbow injury. The basic elbow projections demonstrate a possible nondisplaced fracture of the coronoid process. Beyond the medial oblique projection, what additional projection(s) can be performed to demonstrate the coronoid process in profile? Select one: a.Coyle method with 45-degree CR angle toward shoulder b.Radial head lateral projections c.Coyle method with 45-degree CR angle away from shoulder d.Acute flexion projection Clear my choice
C
How much rotation of the humeral epicondyles is required for the AP medial oblique projection of the elbow? Select one: a.30 degrees b.90 degrees c.45 degrees d.20 degrees
C
What CR angle is required with the modified Robert's method? Select one: a.5-degree proximally (toward the wrist) b.10-degree distally (away from the wrist) c.15-degree proximally (toward the wrist) d.20-degree distally (away from the wrist)
C
What are the names of the two small depressions found on the anterior aspect of the distal humerus? Select one: a.Trochlea and capitulum b.Olecranon and coronoid fossa c.Radial and coronoid fossa d.Olecranon and radial fossa
C
What is the purpose of performing the AP partially flexed projections of the elbow? Select one: a.To provide a view of the radial head and capitulum b.To separate the radial head from the ulna c.To provide an AP perspective if the patient cannot fully extend the elbow d.To demonstrate any possible elevated fat pads
C
Which carpal articulates with both the fourth and fifth metacarpals? Select one: a.Triquetrum b.Capitate c.Hamate d.Trapezoid
C
Which of the following structures is considered to be most proximal? Select one: a.Head of ulna b.Radial styloid process c.Olecranon process d.Radial tuberosity
C
Which specific anatomy is better visualized with a fan lateral as compared with the other lateral projections of the hand? Select one: a.Sesamoid bones b.Carpals c.Phalanges d.Carpometacarpal joints
C
A general positioning rule is to place the long axis of the part ____ to the long axis of the image receptor. Select one: a.perpendicular b.adjacent c.axial d.parallel
D
A lateral elbow radiograph demonstrates about half of the radial head superimposed by the coronoid process of the ulna. Which of the following occurred? Select one: a.The hand was pronated rather than in a true lateral position. b.The hand and wrist were rotated laterally and not in a true lateral position. c.The shoulder was not dropped sufficiently to the tabletop level. d.No positioning errors occurred.
D
A patient enters the ED with a possible Bennett's fracture. Which of the following routines should be performed to confirm this diagnosis? Select one: a.Finger b.Wrist c.Forearm d.Thumb
D
A radiograph of the elbow demonstrates the radius directly superimposed over the ulna and the coronoid process in profile. Which projection of the elbow has been performed? Select one: a.AP b.Lateral c.Lateral (external) rotation oblique d.Medial (internal) rotation oblique
D
From a pronated position, which of the following is required for a PA oblique projection of the fourth digit of the hand? Select one: a.45-degree medial rotation b.30- to 35-degree lateral rotation c.30- to 35-degree medial rotation d.45-degree lateral rotation
D
The first metacarpophalangeal joint has a(n) ____ type of joint movement. Select one: a.plane b.pivot c.saddle d.ellipsoidal
D
The interphalangeal joints have a(n) ____ type of joint movement. Select one: a.plane b.saddle c.ellipsoidal d.ginglymus
D
What is the approximate distance between the tabletop and Bucky tray on most floating tabletop types of tables? Select one: a.1/2 to 1 inch (1.3 to 2.5 cm) b.1 to 2 inches (2.5 to 5.1 cm) c.2 to 3 inches (5 to 7.6 cm) d.3 to 4 inches (8 to 10 cm)
D
What is the name of the joint found between the proximal and distal phalanges of the first digit? Select one: a.Proximal interphalangeal b.Distal interphalangeal c.Metacarpophalangeal d.Interphalangeal
D
Where is the central ray (CR) placed for a PA projection of the third digit? Select one: a.At the distal interphalangeal joint b.At the metacarpophalangeal joint c.At the head of the third metacarpal d.At the proximal interphalangeal joint
D
Which of the carpal bones is considered to be the largest? Select one: a.Hamate b.Triquetrum c.Trapezium d.Capitate
D
Which of the following sets of technical factors would be best for an adult hand study using a digital imaging system? Select one: a.80 kVp, 600 mA, 1/60 seconds, large focal spot b.64 kVp, 200 mA, 1/20 seconds, large focal spot c.78 kVp, 600 mA, 1/60 seconds, large focal spot d.70 kVp, 300 mA, 1/30 seconds, small focal spot
D
Which of the following structures is considered to be most posterior? Select one: a.Coronoid process b.Radial tuberosity c.Trochlea d.Olecranon process
D
Which one of the following is the most common primary cancerous bone tumor? Select one: a.Multiple myeloma b.Osteochondroma c.Osteosarcoma d.Osteocarcinoma
D
Which routine projection of the elbow best demonstrates the radial head and tuberosity free of superimposition? Select one: a.AP b.Lateral c.AP oblique with internal rotation d.AP oblique with external rotation
D
Which wrist ligament is attached to the styloid process of the ulna and continues to the triquetrum and pisiform? Select one: a.Radial collateral ligament b.Dorsal radiocarpal ligament c.Palmar radiocarpal ligament d.Ulnar collateral ligament
D
Why is it recommended that the PA oblique (with medial rotation) projection be performed rather than the PA oblique (with lateral rotation) for the second digit of the hand? Select one: a.Minimizes optimal immunomodulating dose (OID). b.Is more comfortable for the patient. c.Opens up joints better. d.Minimizes object image-receptor distance (OID).
D
