Chapter 4 HW

Marfan's syndrome is a disease associated with faulty manufacture of the extracellular protein fibrillin. Since this is a component of elastin, in which of the numbered cells would the damaged gene be expressed?

2

Which numbered cell type initiates inflammatory responses to infection or tissue damage?

5

Which of the following characteristics is lacking in the typical areolar connective tissue pictured in the figure?

None of these characteristics is lacking. (ability to support other tissues, ground substance, vascularity, elastic properties)

Using your hospital's information portal, your patient reviews the report from her recent biopsy, which includes a reference to "smooth muscle." She asks you if this means her muscles are abnormal. What is the best explanation is?

Smooth muscle tissue controls many involuntary functions. Unlike the muscles that control voluntary movement and the heart, it has no "stripes" or striations and so is "smooth."

Which muscle cell type has visible striations but is not under voluntary control?

cardiac

After a heart attack, fibrosis occurs at the site of cardiac muscle cell death. This reduces the efficiency of the heart's pumping activity because __________.

fibrous connective tissue is incapable of contracting

Diabetics with poor lower limb circulation often have slow-healing pressure ulcers on the bottom of their feet. In speeding up the healing process, surgical removal (debridement) of dead tissue from an ulcerative area would encourage increased __________.

granulation tissue formation

Which of the following substances would NOT be found in significant amounts in the extracellular matrix of the illustrated areolar connective tissue?

keratin

Which of these terms applies best to all material in this tissue that is not cellular?

matrix

Besides oxygen, what other bloodborne material must be provided to the affected tissues in adequate quantities to promote normal wound healing?

nutrients

What activity does cell 1 undertake to contribute to the body's defense against injury and infection?

phagocytosis of foreign materials

The proximal tubule of the nephron (kidney tubule) in the kidney is composed of which type of epithelium?

simple cuboidal epithelium

The wall of the alveolus (air sac) in the lung is composed of which type of epithelium?

simple squamous epithelium

Which of the three muscle cell types has multiple nuclei?

skeletal

Which part of the neuron (a specialized nerve cell) receives signals from other cells and is also the main metabolic region of the neuron?

soma

The epithelium of the esophagus is composed of which type of epithelial tissue?

stratified squamous epithelium