Chapter 4 Networking Addressing CTS1134

What is the CIDR notation used for the 255.255.255.0 subnet mask?

.../24 When you have a subnet mask of 255.255.255.0, you have 24 masked bits. Therefore, the CIDR notation is /24

What process combines several small subnets to form a larger network?

...1) supernetting The opposite of subnetting, supernetting combines subnets to form a larger network.

How many Class A networks are defined within IPv4?

...127 A Class B network ranges from 128.0.0.0 to 192.255.255.255. The default subnet mask for a Class B is 255.255.0.0.

What would the AND result be for 1110 and 1100?

...2,097,152 Class A networks are defined from 0.0.0.0 to 127.255.255.255, allowing up to 128 networks. However, since the 127.x.x.x is used for loopback, you only have 127.

What is the address range used for Class D, multicasting?

...224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255 Class D is used for multicasting, which is 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255. Multicasting is used to send a single packet to multiple computers.

You have a class C network that needs to support 14 subnets. What would the subnet mask be?

255.255.255.240 To support 14 hosts, you need 4 bits, which will support up to 14 subnets. Therefore, the mask would change from 255.255.255.0 to 255.255.255.240.

What is the binary equivalent of 255.255.0.0?

11111111.11111111.00000000.00000000.. The binary equivalent of 255 is 1111 1111. Therefore, the binary equivalent of 255.255.0.0 is 11111111.11111111.00000000.00000000.

What logical truth table is used to isolate the network address from IP address using the subnet mask?

AND... The computer uses a logical AND truth table to compare the full IP address of the computer to the subnet mask to determine the network address

What 48-bit-long physical address is used to identify a network device?

MAC addressu A manufacturer gives every network device that it makes a physical binary address. In many cases, this address is binding on the device and cannot be changed. This address is also known as the device's MAC address.

You have four networks combined with three routers in series. If you are on the first network and want to send a packet to the fourth network, how many hops would it travel?

Octets The logical address used in IPv4 is 32 bits long, and those bits are broken into four groups of octets, each containing 8 bits.

What is used to determine the network portion of an IP address?

subnet mask The subnet mask is a series of 1s and 0s that the computer uses to determine which part of the IP address is the network ID verses which part is the host. The subnet mask is all 1s followed by all 0s.

What do you call taking an IP address range and breaking it into smaller pieces?

subletting In its most basic form, subnetting is taking a given IP address range and breaking it into smaller pieces so that a given range of IP addresses can be used in more than one network. To do this, an IP address is broken into two main parts: the network portion and the host portion

Which of the following addresses can be routed over the Internet?

. 132.16.3.24 In the case of private IP addresses, three ranges of IP addresses have been set aside by the Network Information Center that can never be used on public networks. The private address ranges are 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255, 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255, and 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255.

When your system running Windows 7 is configured to receive a DHCP address, what happens when your system cannot contact a DHCP server?

You are automatically assigned an IP address between 169.254.0.0 to 169.254.255.255... Automatic Private IP Addressing (APIPA) is a feature of Windows-based operating systems that automatically assign itself an IP address when there is no DHCP server available. APIPA serves as a DHCP server failover mechanism and makes it easier to configure and support small local area networks (LANs). APIPA assigns address from the Class B Pprivate Aaddress block 169.255.0.0 to 169.254.255.255.

What type of addressing sends packets to a single host?

...unicast Unicast refers to a computer sending a packet to only one computer at a time. In this case, the source computer sends a unicast packet only to the computer that the packet is intended for. Most network traffic uses this sort of communication for normal network activity.

What is the binary equivalent of 180?

..1011 0100. 128+0+32+16+0+4+0+0=180. Therefore, the binary representation is 1011 0100.

You have the following four network addresses: 192.168.4.0 192.168.4.1 192.168.4.2 192.168.4.3

192.168.4.0 /26 Because the default CIDR notation for these networks is /24, and you are combining four networks notated with two bits (four different combinations), it gives you a total of /26.

How many Class C networks are specified within IPv4?

2,097,152 To support 14 hosts, you need 4 bits, which will support up to 14 subnets. Therefore, the mask would change from 255.255.255.0 to 255.255.255.240.

Your system is configured to receive DHCP addresses. It is assigned an address of 169.254.34.7. What type address is this?

Microsoft Automatic Private IP Addressing... The Class B private address block 169.255.0.0 to 169.254.255.255 is used by Microsoft Automatic Private IP Addressing. This address is usually assigned when a DHCP server cannot be reached.

Traditional IP networks were divided into a Class A, Class B, and Class C networks. What do you call this type of addressing?

classful.. Originally, a class system was used to determine what part of an IP address was network ID and what part was host. Five classes were created—Class A through Class E—but the general population was allowed to use only the first three classes. This is what is called classful IP addressing.

What is the subnet mask for a /26 CIDR notation?

...255.255.255.192 CIDR stands for Classless Inter-Domain Routing. This standard notation came about as a form of shorthand to indicate what portion of a given IP address is to be used for network ID and what part is to be used for host ID. The /26 indicates 11111111.11111111.11111111.11000000, which is equivalent to 255.255.255.192.

Which of the following is a broadcast address?

...255.255.255.255 The IP address 255.255.255.255 indicates that the packet is to be broadcast to every computer on the segment.

How many hosts does a Class B network support?

...65,536 A Class B network ranges from 128.0.0.0 to 192.255.255.255. The default subnet mask for a Class B is 255.255.0.0. It supports up to 16,384 networks, and 65,536 hosts per network.

What hexadecimal character represents the decimal value of 10?

...A Hexadecimal numbers are based on 16 digits. When you reach 9, the next digit is A, which is equivalent to decimal number 10.

What network service automatically assigns IP addresses to hosts?

...DHCP The Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) was developed to allow IP addresses to be assigned dynamically without requiring constant input from the network administrator.

Which protocol is used on the Internet to provide addressing?

...IP The process of comparing the IP address with the subnet mask using the AND truth table is called ANDing. For each bit that is true or 1, the result is 1.

What technology is used for multiple private addresses to access the Internet through a single public address?

...NAT Network Address Translation (NAT) is another technology used to stretch out the limited number of IP addresses available with IPv4.

What do you call the numbering system that is based on 0s and 1s?

...binary Binary numbers are based on only two numbers, 0 and 1.

What type of addressing sends packets to all computers within a network segment?

...broadcast Whereas unicast communication goes just from one computer to another, broadcast communication goes from one computer to all available computers on the network.

An IPv6 address contains how many bits?

..128. IPv6 (Internet Protocol version 6) is an updated version of IP. IPv6 uses 128 bits for its addresses and is usually expressed in hexadecimal format.

Approximately how many addresses does IPv4 support?

..4 billion Because IPv4 addresses are limited to just 32 bits, the largest number of computer and other networkable devices that can be assigned a unique IP address is 4,294,967,296.

What type of addressing sends a single packet to multiple computers?

..multicast. Multicast is kind of a compromise between unicast and broadcast. Multicast communications are used to send packets to multiple computers at one time, but not to all computers on the network.

What is the hexadecimal equivalent of 255?

.FF If you convert 255 to binary, you have 1111 1111. To convert a binary number to a hexadecimal number, you replace every four 1s and 0s with the equivalent hexadecimal value. 1111 is equivalent to F.

What is the default subnet mask for a Class B network?

.. 255.255.0.0 A Class B network ranges from 128.0.0.0 to 192.255.255.255. The default subnet mask for a Class B is 255.255.0.0.

How many hosts does a Class C network support?

...254 In total, 2,097,152 Class C networks support up to 254 hosts.

What is the default subnet mask for the 198.25.4.129 address?

255.255.255.0 Class C addresses begin with 192 to 223. The default subnet mask for a Class C network is 255.255.255.0.

An IPv4 address contains how many bits?

32 IPv4, the oldest version of the IP protocol now in use, is also the most limited. The logical address used in IPv4 is 32 bits long, broken up into four groups of 8 bits (called octets

When you send a packet to a host in a remote network, the packet is forwarded to the ___________.

default gateway... To connect to a remote network, you must go through your default gateway. The default gateway (a router) then determines the best route to get to its destination and forwards the packets to the next hop.

When you view an IPv4 address, the address is divided into _________.

octets There are 2,097,152 class C networks ranging from 192.0.0.0 to 223.255.255.255.

What is the first half of a MAC address called?

organizationally unique identifier... Companies can be assigned multiple 24-bit addresses for the manufacturing portion of the network devices they build. These first 24 bits are called the organizationally unique identifier.

Which of the following is not a private IP address range?

128.0.0.0 to 128.255.255.255... Private, non-routable addresses are 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255, 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255, and 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255.