chapter 4
Those with bulimia nervosa typically
fall within a normal weight range.
Which of the following is/are the most common of the chronic conditions associated with the greatest limitation on work?
heart conditions
One risk factor for Alzheimer disease is ______, a transitional state between the cognitive changes of normal aging and very early Alzheimer disease and other dementias.
mild cognitive impairment
Prevention and ______ are two of the most important components of children's health.
poverty
Children need daily exercise because of the development of:
large muscles, especially in the arms and legs.
Chronic disorders are most common in:
late adulthood.
Which of the following is most often the result of osteoporosis?
marked stoop
Alzheimer disease is caused by a deficiency in the brain messenger chemical called acetylcholine, which is very important in
memory
Among American adults in 2016, which of the following had the highest rate of obesity?
middle-aged women
The most common form of dementia is ______ disease, a progressive, irreversible brain disorder characterized by a gradual deterioration of memory, reasoning, language, and physical functioning.
Alzheimer`
The allele that has proven to be a risk factor for Alzheimer disease is the ______ gene.
ApoE4
Which of the following factors triggers Parkinson disease?
Degeneration of dopamine-producing neurons in the brain
Which statement is FALSE regarding drug treatment for Alzheimer disease?
Drugs for Alzheimer disease treat the cause of the disease.
Which of the following groups has the highest mortality rate?
Males in emerging adulthood
Which of the following statements is true about adolescent alcohol use?
Sizable declines in adolescent alcohol use have occurred in recent years.
Which of the following have studies shown to protect against the development of overweight and obesity in adolescents?
Team sports Family dinners
The primary cause of Alzheimer disease is a deficiency in the brain messenger chemical called
acetylcholine.
Osteoporosis is related to deficiencies in each of the following EXCEPT:
amyloid plaques.
Successful weight loss programs for adolescents combine each of the following:
behavioral therapy. exercise calorie restriction
The leading cause of death in middle-aged adults and adults between the ages of 65 and 74 is
cancer
People who begin abusing substances in ______ have a greater risk for addiction.
childhood and adolescence
______ disorders have a slow onset and a long duration.
chronic
Research has shown that, by the time emerging adults have reached their mid-twenties, many have
decreased their use of alcohol and drugs somewhat.
The number of people with Alzheimer disease (doubles/triples) every five years after the age of 65.
doubles
Educational success has a protective role in reducing adolescents'
drug use
A recent study found that all of the following were associated with a decrease in deaths from cardiovascular disease, EXCEPT
eliminating alcohol consumption.
The American Academy of Pediatrics recently reconfirmed its recommendation of exclusive breast feeding in the first ______ of a baby's life.
six months
The development of Alzheimer disease is most likely influenced by
the interaction of lifestyle and genes.
A healthy 1-year-old weighs ______ times more than they did at birth.
three
True or false: Adolescents currently vape far more nicotine than they smoke cigarettes.
true
True or false: Alcohol use peaks in emerging adulthood and then declines somewhat by the mid-twenties.
true
True or false: Due to the decrease in cardiovascular disease, cancer is now the leading cause of death in middle-aged and older adults between 65 and 74.
true
Which of the following is a disorder that involves an extensive loss of bone tissue?
Osteoporosis
Which of the following has been linked to health-enhancing behavior and reduced risk taking in adolescence?
Parental monitoring
Which of the following are social contexts that influence adolescent health?
Schools Peers Families
Even if an infant has begun eating other foods, experts recommend that the mother continue to breast feed until the baby is at least ______ old.
1 year
It is projected that ______ million baby boomers will develop Alzheimer disease in their lifetime.
10
For individuals who are 30 percent overweight, the probability of dying in middle adulthood increases by ______ percent.
40
In 2016, approximately what percentage of U.S. adults were classified as obese?
40 percent
What is the recommended number of calories per day for each pound an infant weighs?
50
Children are put in the overweight category if their body mass index falls at or above the ______ percentile.
95th
Regarding lifestyle factors and the risk of Alzheimer disease, which of the following statements are true?
A healthy lifestyle can lower the risk of Alzheimer disease. Many of the same habits that lead to cardiovascular disease increase risk for Alzheimer disease.
Which of the following are risk factors for becoming a regular smoker? (Select all that apply)
A weak academic orientation Low parental support Having a friend who smokes
What aspect of successful weight loss programs requires participants to keep weight loss diaries and give them rewards for meeting goals?
Behavioral therapy
Katie is 15 years of age and of normal weight. On Saturdays and Sundays, Katie eats pints of ice cream, cupcakes, cookies, pizza, and potato chips, and then she uses laxatives for three days. Katie is exhibiting characteristics of which eating disorder?
Bulimia nervosa
Which of the following statements most closely fits with the trends associated with adolescent cigarette smoking in the United States?
Cigarette smoking peaked in 1996 and then gradually declined.
Which statement is true regarding chronic disorders?
Men are more likely than women to have fatal chronic disorders such as cancer and coronary heart disease.
Which of the following are true about the vapor from e-cigarettes? (Select all that apply)
Most e-cigarette vapor contains nicotine. The contents of the vapor are not regulated.
In comparing the health of emerging adults with the health of adolescents, which of the following statements are true regarding emerging adults?
They have a higher mortality rate. They have more chronic health problems. They are more likely to be obese.
In a large longitudinal research study of 10,000 men and women followed over 8 years, participants were divided into low, medium, and high fitness levels. What did the study find?
Those in the low fitness (sedentary) group were more than three times more likely to die than those in the high fitness group. Those in the low fitness (sedentary) group were more than two times more likely to die than those in the medium fitness group.
One of the best strategies for preventing or delaying the onset of Alzheimer disease in people who are at risk is to
improve their cardiac functioning through diet, drugs, and exercise.
Starting in middle adulthood, chronic disorders:
increase.
The percentage of overweight 12- to 19-year-old Americans ______ from the early 1990s through 2014.
increased
What are two common factors in the development of eating problems in infants?
neglectful caregivers conditions of poverty
People with binge eating disorder are frequently
overweight