chapter 47
The pharmacology instructor is discussing medications used in the treatment of dyslipidemia. Which drug class would the instructor identify as the most widely used dyslipidemia drugs?
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors
What is the basis for a nurse's recommendation of a period of intensive diet therapy and lifestyle modification before initiation of drug therapy for a client newly diagnosed with dyslipidemia?
Therapeutic lifestyle changes are the preferred method for lowering blood lipids.
A patient is taking cholestyramine to reduce LDL cholesterol. Cholestyramine will cause a decrease in absorption of which medication?
digoxin Bile acid sequestrants may decrease absorption of digoxin. Cholestyramine will not decrease the ibuprofen, aspirin, or acetaminophen.
Which lipid level would the nurse interpret as being high?
LDL cholesterol of 190 mg/dL
His dietary intake of saturated fat
Smoking cessation
The three major classes of drugs used to control blood lipids are statins, bile acid resins (or sequestrants), and fibrates. Which is a fibrate?
Gemfibrozil
A nurse is aware of the high incidence and prevalence of hyperlipidemia and the consequent need for antihyperlipidemics. Treatment of high cholesterol using statins would be contraindicated in which client?
An obese male client who is a heavy alcohol user and who has cirrhosis of the liver
Which agent would the nurse identify as inhibiting the release of free fatty acids from adipose tissue?
Niacin, VITAMIN B Niacin acts to inhibit the release of free fatty acids from adipose tissue, increases the rate of triglyceride removal from the plasma, and generally reduces LDL and triglyceride levels and increases HDL levels. Fenofibrate inhibits triglyceride synthesis in the liver, resulting in a reduction of LDL levels. Gemfibrozil inhibits the peripheral breakdown of lipids, reduces the production of triglycerides and LDLs, and increases HDL concentrations.
How should the nurse instruct the client to take his lovastatin?
With food
A client has begun taking cholestyramine. Which are noted as the most common adverse effects?
nausea, flatulence, and constipation
The client has been taking rosuvastatin for hyperlipidemia. The client now presents with severe weakness and states barely being able to move the extremities. The nurse suspects the client has which?
rhabdomyolysis.
A client has been prescribed lovastatin for high cholesterol. The nurse's teaching plan will include a basic explanation of how the drug produces its therapeutic effect. The nurse will explain that lovastatin lowers cholesterol levels in which manner?
inhibits cholesterol syntheses
A client with primary hypercholesterolemia has been prescribed 10 mg of ezetimibe per day by a health care provider. The provider has instructed the nurse to continue the drug therapy for 3 days. The drug is available in 10-mg capsules. How many capsules of the drug should the nurse administer to the client during the entire therapy?
3 capsules
The nurse is evaluating the effectiveness of drug therapy in a client with hyperlipidemia. Effective therapy is best demonstrated by which laboratory values?
HDL 58 LDL 96 Cholesterol 178
What is the most common reason for an elevated cholesterol level in a client who does not have a genetic disorder of lipid metabolism?
His dietary intake of saturated fat
A nurse is conducting a presentation for a local community group about hyperlipidemia. When discussing the factors that individuals can work on to reduce their risk, which information would the nurse include? Select all that apply.
Weight Diet
An obese client who has an elevated triglyceride level and reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol is seen by the primary care provider. What do these data suggest in this client?
the development of metabolic syndrome