Chapter 5 Listening Actively

back-channel cues

Nonverbal or verbal responses that signal you've paid attention to and understood specific comments. ex "Okay, got it"

aggressive listening

attend to what others say solely to find an opportunity to attack their conversational partners.

pseudo-listening

behaving as if you're paying attention though you're really not.

understanding

involves interpreting the meaning of another person's communication by comparing newly received information against out past knowledge.

listening

involves receiving, attending to, understanding, responding to, and recalling sounds and visual images.

provocateurs

people who post messages designed solely as "trolls" to annoy others.

time-oriented listeners

prefer brief and concise encounters.

content-oriented listeners

prefer to be intellectually challenged by the messages they receive during interpersonal encounters.

listening functions

purposes for listening, we experience daily: to comprehend, to discern, to analyze, to appreciate, and to support.

narcissistic listening

self-absorbed listening: the perpetrator ignores what others have to say and redirects the conversation to him or herself and his or her own interests.

mental bracketing

systematically putting aside thoughts that aren't relevant to the interaction at hand.

selective listening

taking in only those bits and pieces of information that are immediately salient during an interpersonal encounter and dismissing the rest.

attending

the second step in the listening process, involves devoting attention to the information you've received. Try limiting multitasking "multitasking online" and elevating attention.

hearing

the sensory process of taking in and interpreting sound.

people-oriented listeners

view listening as an opportunity to establish commonalities between themselves and others.

action-oriented listeners

want brief, to-the-point, and accurate messages from others-information they can then use to make decisions or initiate courses of action.

eavesdropping

when people intentionally and systematically set up situations so they can listen to private conversations.

listening style

your habitual pattern of listening behaviors, which reflects your attitudes, beliefs, and predispositions regarding the listening process.

paraphrasing

An active listening response that summarizes or restates others' comments after they are finished.

mnemonics

Devices that aid memory.

recalling

The fifth stage of listening, remembering information after you've received, attending to, understood, and responded to it.

bizarreness effect

The finding that we remember unusual or odd information more readily than commonplace information.

receiving

The first stage of the listening process in which a listener takes in information by seeing and hearing. Often hampered by "noise pollution" results in "hearing impairment".

long-term memory

The part of your mind devoted to permanent information storage.

short-term memory

The part of your mind that temporarily houses information while you seek to understand its meaning.

responding

The stage of the listening process in which a listener communicates, nonverbally or verbally, their attention and understanding. ex. nodding

feedback

Verbal and nonverbal messages that receivers use to indicate their reaction to communication.