Chapter 5 Semester Test Study Guide - Intro. to Criminal Justice
B
A number of factors have triggered the growth of private security in the United States. Three are listed below. Which one does NOT belong? A: Fewer constitutional limitations B: Lowered citizen contact C: Better control and attention to the problem D: Declining revenues for public policing
prevent crime; preventative control
According to Peel, the main function of the police was to _________ by ___________ of the community.
federal, state, and local law enforcement agencies
According to the Homeland Security Act of 2002, which of the following agencies or organizations has "primary responsibility for investigating and prosecuting acts of terrorism"?
D
After the Civil War, municipal police officers began to take on the characteristics of today's police. Three of these characteristics are listed below. Which one does NOT belong? A: They began to carry nightsticks B: They began to carry firearms C: They began to wear uniforms D: They began to form posses
B
At various times in American history, local police have acted in several different roles. Three of the roles listed in your textbook are below. Which one does NOT belong? A: Social workers B: Firefighters C: Public servants D: Peacekeepers
B
August Vollmer advocated three principles to professionalize American policing. Which of the following does not belong? A: He advocated training as a key ingredient in professionalizing policing. B: He believed that citizens needed training in methods of self-policing. C: He believed strongly that the police should stay out of politics and that politics should stay out of policing. D: He advocated education as a key ingredient in professionalizing policing.
order maintenance and peacekeeping
Breaking up a fight, holding back a crowd at a sporting event, or intervening in a domestic dispute before it gets violent are examples of which of the following police duties?
constable-watch system; sheriff
Earlier in American history, two forms of police protection began to evolve-the _______________ in the villages, towns and cities; and the ______________ in the rural areas, unincorporated areas, and counties.
resisted
Early American citizens ____________ the formation of the first police departments.
slave patrols
In the South, the earliest form of policing was the:
A
One general grouping in your textbook lists four categories of local duties. Three are listed below. Which is NOT one of the duties discussed in your text? A: Public education B: Service C: Information gathering D: Peacekeeping
service
Taking people to the hospital, escorting funeral processions, delivering mail for city officials, or chasing bats out of a caller's house are examples of which of the following local police duties?
constable-watch
The Statute of Winchester formalized _________ system of protection.
England
The basic concepts of American law enforcement and criminal justice originated in:
self-protection
The idea of __________ remains very popular in the South and the West.
C
The slave codes held slaves responsible for their crimes and other acts that were not crimes if committed by free persons. Three typical restrictions against slaves are listed below. Which one does NOT belong? A: Enslaved people could not hold meetings. B: Enslaved people could not learn to read and write. C: Enslaved people could not learn skilled trades. D: Enslaved people could not carry a firearm.
local
The vast majority of American law enforcement agencies are:
C
There are three major differences between federal law enforcement and local and state police agencies. They are listed below. Which one does NOT belong? A: Federal agencies such as the FBI operate across the entire nation and even have agents serving abroad. B: Some federal law enforcement agencies have extremely narrow jurisdictions. C: A significant function performed by a special category of federal law enforcement officers is university or campus policing. D: Federal police agencies do not, as a rule, have the peacekeeping or order maintenance duties typical in local policing.
A
Three emphasis areas of community policing are listed below. Which one does NOT belong? A: Fighting crime B: Delivering social services C: Eradicating the causes of crime in a community D: Keeping peace
B
Three of the following statements describe how politics affects the role of sheriff in most counties. Which one does NOT belong? A: The authority to appoint special deputies and to award patronage jobs contribute to the sheriff's power and influence in a county. B: The sheriff's office is limited to counties that vote to approve it. C: Local politics governs the operation to the sheriff's department. D: The sheriff must operate as a partisan politician to remain in office.
false
True/False. At the federal level, there are more than 100 law enforcement agencies.
true
True/False. Because of relatively low wages, private security officers frequently work part time or have another primary job and use their security job wages to supplement their incomes.
true
True/False. Henry Fielding established the Bow Street Runners, who were England's first professional detective force.
true
True/False. In community policing, the community and police jointly approach the problems of maintaining order and providing services.
false
True/False. In the highway patrol model, the agency and its officers have essentially the same enforcement powers as local police in the state and can work cases and enforce the law anywhere within the state's boundaries.
false
True/False. Jurisdiction is defined as a specific geographical area, but does not include the right or authority of a justice agency to act in regard to a particular subject matter, territory, or person.
true
True/False. Many other nations have only one police department.
false
True/False. Most police agencies in the United States require complex organizational structures.
true
True/False. Private security complements public law enforcement in the United States.
true
True/False. States that employ the highway patrol model often have other state law enforcement agencies with narrow service mandates.
true
True/False. The United States has more police departments than any other nation in the world.
false
True/False. The constable-watch system was England's earliest form of group protection.
true
True/False. Until the 1920s, political corruption prevented the development of professional police departments in most American cities.
C
Under the "tithing system", groups of 10 families (or a "tithing") would follow three of the principles listed below. Which one does NOT belong? A: Agree to follow the law B: Keep the peace in their areas C: Select one man from each parish as chief peacekeeper D: Bring law violators to justice
Hawaii
Which of the 50 United States does not have a state policing agency?
protecting the governor and the capitol grounds and buildings
Which of the following is usually NOT a county law enforcement function?
they were slaves
Which of the following statements are NOT true of the first black police officers?
D
Your textbook lists four unresolved problems and issues relating to private security. Three are listed below. Which one does not belong? A: Public policing in a private capacity B: Diminished public responsibility C: Qualifications and training D: Political corruption and patronage jobs
compstat
_____________ is a technological and management system that aims to make the police better organized and more effective crime fighters.
contract security; proprietary security
_____________ refers to protective services that a private security firm provides to people, agencies and companies that do not employ their own security personnel or that need extra protection, while _______________ refers to in-house protective services that a security staff provides for the entity that employs it.
state police model
______________ is a model of state law enforcement services in which the agency and its officers have the same law enforcement powers as local police, anywhere within the state.