Chapter 5: Understanding Children from Birth to Age Two

The Stepping reflex disappears between _____________.

2 to 3 months.

The Palmar grasp reflex disappears between __________.

3 to 12 months.

The rooting reflex disappears by ______________.

3 to 4 months

The Moro reflex peaks during the first month and usually disappears by ___________.

6 months

The Babinski reflex disappears between __________.

8 to 12 months.

separation anxiety

A child's difficulty in separating from parents, often occurring between 6 and 15 months of age.

reflex

An automatic body response to a stimulus. At birth, an infant's physical abilities are limited to reflexes.

7 1/2 pounds

An infant's average weight at birth.

object permanence

An understanding that objects continue to exist even if a person cannot seem them.

sucking reflex

Helps an infant obtain food for survival.

motor sequence

Order in which a child is able to perform new movements. Motor sequence depends on the development of the brain and nerves.

temperament

Quality and intensity of children's emotional reactions to their environment, such as passivity, irritability, and activity patterns.

survival reflex

Reflex that is necessary for life.

Rooting reflex

Reflex that is needed for survival. This reflex causes infants to turn their heads toward anything that brushes their faces. This action helps them find a food source such as a nipple.

primitive reflex

Reflex that will disappear with age.

attachment

The strong emotional connection that develops between people.

stepping or walking reflex

This reflex can be observed in full-term babies. When an infant is held so the feet are flat on a surface, the infant will lift one foot after another in a stepping motion.

Babinski reflex

This reflex is present at birth in babies who are born at full term. Infants will fan out and curl and the foot twists in.

Moro reflex

This reflex is sometimes referred to as the "startle reflex." It occurs when a newborn is startled by a noise or sudden movement. The infant will react by flinging the arms and legs outward and extending the head. Then the infant will quickly draw the arms together, crying loudly.

telegraphic speech

Two-word phrases used by toddlers when they first learn to combine words.

deferred imitation

Watching another person's behavior, then acting out that behavior. This occurs between eighteen and twenty-four months.

Palmar grasp reflex

When you touch the infant's palms, the hands will grip tightly.

The test for sucking reflex is to _______________.

place a finger on the lips or in the mouth of an infant.

The test for the Babinski reflex is to __________________.

stroke the sole of the foot on the outside from the heel to the toe.

breathing, sucking, and swallowing

survival reflex