Chapter 6

During which phases of the cell cycle do the chromosomes look like Xs?

prophase, metaphase

sequence of stages in mitosis

prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

Which type of genes, when abnormally activated so that protein is always present and active, can result in cancer?

proto-oncogenes

Cells that have two copies of each type of chromosome are ___.

Diploid

During which stage of the cell cycle do the chromosomes duplicate?

Interphase

If a cell stops at the G1 checkpoint, this is most likely due to what problem?

There is DNA damage

In which stage of mitosis do the chromosomes line up in the center of the cell?

Metaphase

The absence of a nucleus, division of DNA through binary fission, and the use of FtsZ proteins for the separation of daughter cells is characteristic of ___ cells.

Prokaryotic

Starting with the S phase, which of the following is the correct sequence for the cell cycle?

S - G2 - mitotic - G1

Chromosomes are duplicated during what portion of the cell cycle?

S phase- interphase

Technically, mitosis refers to nuclear division and NOT cytoplasmic division

True

Which of the following proteins would you expect to be coded for by a proto-oncogene?

a positive cell-cycle regulator

What is necessary for a cell to pass the G 2 checkpoint?

accurate and complete DNA replication

gene mutation

are changes to the nucleotides in a segment of DNA that codes for a protein.

The cell division process of prokaryotic cells is ___.

binary fission

In plant cells, what is responsible for organizing the spindle?

centrosomes

All of the DNA found in a cell is called its ___.

genome

Chromosomes are attached to

the spindle fibers in order to move to and from the equator.