chapter 6

The VSEPR theory allows us to determine the most favorable A) shape of a molecule. B) charge on an ion. C) color of a compound. D) bond type for a molecule. E) formula for a compound.

A) shape of a molecule.

Indicate the type of bonding you would expect between the following elements. N and F A) none B) polar covalent C) nonpolar covalent D) ionic

B) polar covalent

The shape of the water molecule ( H2O) is A) linear. B) tetrahedral. C) pyramidal. D) bent. E) octagonal.

D) bent.

How many valence electrons does nitrogen have? A) one B) two C) three D) four E) five

E) five

Identify each of the following compounds as covalent or ionic. potassium oxide

ionic

Identify each of the following molecules as polar or nonpolar. carbon dioxide

non polar

Identify each of the following molecules as polar or nonpolar. carbon tetrachloride

non polar

Identify each of the following molecules as polar or nonpolar. carbon monoxide

polar

Identify each of the following molecules as polar or nonpolar. hydrogen fluoride

polar

Identify each of the following molecules as polar or nonpolar. hydrogen sulfide

polar

What is the name of SF6?

sulfur hexafluoride

Are dipole-dipole interactions weak or strong compared to ionic bonds?

weak

Are hydrogen bonds stronger or weaker than covalent bonds?

weaker

Identify each of the following compounds as covalent or ionic. carbon dioxide

covalent

Identify each of the following compounds as covalent or ionic. carbon tetrachloride

covalent

Identify each of the following compounds as covalent or ionic. hydrogen sulfide

covalent

The weakest type of force between particles of a substance is termed ________.

dispersion forces

Identify each of the following compounds as covalent or ionic. sodium fluoride

ionic

What is the name of FeCl3?

iron(III) chloride

Identify each of the following compounds as covalent or ionic. covalent

nitrogen covalent

Identify each of the following molecules as polar or nonpolar. water

polar

What is the name of Na2S?

sodium sulfide

Give the correct charge for ions of the following elements. Cl A) 1- B) 2- C) 1+ D) 0 E) 2+ F) 3+

A) 1-

A polar covalent bond is found in which of these compounds? A) H2O B) F2 C) NaCl D) H2 E) N2

A) H2O

Which of the following elements has the lowest electronegativity? A) Li B) C C) N D) O E) F

A) Li

The correct formula for the compound formed from Mg and S is A) MgS. B) MgS2. C) Mg2S. D) Mg2S2. E) Mg2S3.

A) MgS.

What is the formula of the nitride ion? A) N3- B) NO2- C) NO33- D) NO32- E) NO3-

A) N3-

What is the formula of a compound that contains Na+ and PO43- ions? A) Na3PO4 B) NaPO4 C) Na2PO3 D) Na3PO3 E) Na3P

A) Na3PO4

What is the correct formula for the oxide ion? A) O2- B) O- C) O+ D) O2+ E) O3+

A) O2-

The ammonia molecule ( NH3) is A) a polar molecule with polar bonds. B) a nonpolar molecule with polar bonds. C) a nonpolar molecule with nonpolar bonds. D) a polar molecule with nonpolar bonds. E) a polar molecule with ionic bonds.

A) a polar molecule with polar bonds.

The ability of an atom to attract the shared electrons in a covalent bond is its A) electronegativity. B) bonding ability. C) polarity. D) ionic character. E) nonpolarity.

A) electronegativity.

Valence electrons are electrons located A) in the outermost energy level of an atom. B) in the nucleus of an atom. C) in the innermost energy level of an atom. D) throughout the atom. E) in the first three shells of an atom.

A) in the outermost energy level of an atom.

The strongest interactions in the compound sodium fluoride, NaF, are examples of A) ionic bonds. B) covalent bonds. C) hydrogen bonds. D) dipole-dipole interactions. E) dispersion forces.

A) ionic bonds.

The shape of the carbon dioxide (CO2) is A) linear. B) square. C) pyramidal. D) hexagonal. E) bent.

A) linear.

How many electrons will lithium gain or lose when it forms an ion? A) lose 1 B) gain 5 C) lose 2 D) lose 3 E) gain 1

A) lose 1

Indicate the type of bonding you would expect between the following elements. He and F A) none B) polar covalent C) nonpolar covalent D) ionic

A) none

Give the correct charge for ions of the following elements. O A) 1- B) 2- C) 1+ D) 0 E) 2+ F) 3+

B) 2-

What is the formula of carbon tetraiodide? A) CI B) CI4 C) C4I D) CI3 E) C2I4

B) CI4

The formula of copper(I) sulfide is A) CuS. B) Cu2S. C) Cu2(SO4)3. D) CuSO4. E) CuS2.

B) Cu2S.

What is the correct formula for the iron(II) ion? A) Fe+ B) Fe2+ C) Fe3+ D) Fe2- E) Fe3-

B) Fe2+

Which of the following compounds contains a polar covalent bond? A) NaF B) HCl C) Br2 D) MgO E) O2

B) HCl

Ionic bonding is expected in which of these compounds? A) Cl2 B) KF C) OF2 D) HF E) H2

B) KF

Match the chemical name with the correct formula. magnesium sulfate A) MgSO3 B) MgSO4 C) MgS D) Mg(HSO4)2 E) Mg(HSO3)2

B) MgSO4

The carbon tetrachloride molecule, CCl4, is A) a polar molecule with polar bonds. B) a nonpolar molecule with polar bonds. C) a nonpolar molecule with nonpolar bonds. D) a polar molecule with nonpolar bonds. E) a polar molecule with ionic bonds.

B) a nonpolar molecule with polar bonds.

The name of the Cu+ ion is A) copper(II). B) copper(I). C) cobalt. D) copper. E) cuprum.

B) copper(I).

How many electrons will chlorine gain or lose when it forms an ion? A) lose 1 B) gain 1 C) lose 7 D) gain 2 E) lose 3

B) gain 1

The strongest interactions between molecules of ammonia ( NH3) are A) ionic bonds. B) hydrogen bonds. C) polar covalent. D) dipole-dipole. E) dispersion forces.

B) hydrogen bonds.

The name of the HSO4- ion is A) sulfate. B) hydrogen sulfate. C) sulfite. D) hydrogen sulfite. E) sulfide.

B) hydrogen sulfate.

The bond in Cl2 is a(n) A) ionic bond. B) nonpolar covalent bond. C) metallic bond. D) polar ionic bond. E) no bond.

B) nonpolar covalent bond.

The water molecule has a dipole with the negative portion A) localized between the hydrogen atoms. B) pointing toward the oxygen atom. C) localized on one of the hydrogens. D) pointing from the oxygen through the hydrogen atoms. E) surrounding the molecule.

B) pointing toward the oxygen atom.

Indicate the type of bonding you would expect between the following elements. H and F A) none B) polar covalent C) nonpolar covalent D) ionic

B) polar covalent

Double and triple bonds form because A) the atoms involved have high electronegativities. B) single covalent bonds do not give all of the atoms in the molecule eight valence electrons. C) one of the atoms in the molecule has more than eight valence electrons. D) the ions involved have charges larger than one. E) there is at least one hydrogen atom involved in the bond.

B) single covalent bonds do not give all of the atoms in the molecule eight valence electrons.

In an electron-dot structure of an element, the dots are used to represent A) all of the electrons in the atom. B) the valence electrons. C) the electron arrangement. D) only the electrons that will participate in bond formation. E) the electrons that the element will gain when it forms a compound.

B) the valence electrons.

Give the correct charge for ions of the following elements. K A) 1- B) 2- C) 1+ D) 0 E) 2+ F) 3+

C) 1+

How many lone pairs of electrons are in the electron-dot structure of H2O? A) 0 B) 1 C) 2 D) 3 E) 4

C) 2

Elements in group 2A(2) of the periodic table form ions with a charge of A) 1+. B) 1-. C) 2+. D) 3+. E) 0.

C) 2+.

How many valence electrons are in the electron-dot structures for the elements in group 3A(13)? A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 E) 6

C) 3

What is the ionic charge of an ion with 13 protons and 10 electrons? A) 1+ B) 2+ C) 3+ D) 2- E) 3-

C) 3+

What is the formula for aluminum nitrite? A) Al2NO2 B) AlNO3 C) Al(NO2)3 D) Al2(NO3)3 E) Al2(NO2)2

C) Al(NO2)3

The ion of aluminum is A) Al+. B) Al2+. C) Al3+. D) Al3-. E) Al2-.

C) Al3+.

Which of the following compounds contains an ionic bond? A) NH3 B) H2O C) CaO D) H2 E) CH4

C) CaO

Which one of the following compounds contains an ion with a 3+ charge? A) KCl B) Na2O C) FeCl3 D) CuCl E) MgCl2

C) FeCl3

Match the chemical name with the correct formula. magnesium sulfide A) MgSO3 B) MgSO4 C) MgS D) Mg(HSO4)2 E) Mg(HSO3)2

C) MgS

Fe2(SO4)3 is called A) iron sulfate. B) iron(II) sulfate. C) iron(III) sulfate. D) diiron trisulfate. E) iron trisulfate.

C) iron(III) sulfate.

The number of valence electrons found in an atom of a Group A element is equal to A) its atomic number. B) its mass number. C) its group number. D) eight. E) eight minus the group number.

C) its group number.

The name of PbO2 is A) lead dioxide. B) lead(II) oxide. C) lead(IV) oxide. D) plumbum oxide. E) lead oxygen.

C) lead(IV) oxide.

A(n) ________ is the smallest neutral unit of two or more atoms held together by a covalent bond. A) ionic compound B) nucleus C) molecule D) formula E) unit

C) molecule

Indicate the type of bonding you would expect between the following elements. F and F A) none B) polar covalent C) nonpolar covalent D) ionic

C) nonpolar covalent

A group of covalently bonded atoms that has an overall electrical charge is called a(n) A) ionic compound. B) anion. C) polyatomic ion. D) cation. E) molecule.

C) polyatomic ion.

The shape of the ammonia molecule ( NH3) is A) linear. B) square. C) pyramidal. D) hexagonal. E) octagonal.

C) pyramidal.

The number of electrons in an ion with 20 protons and an ionic charge of 2+ is A) 24. B) 22. C) 20. D) 18. E) 16.

D) 18.

How many valence electrons are in the electron-dot structure of H2O? A) 2 B) 4 C) 6 D) 8 E) 10

D) 8

Match the chemical name with the correct formula. magnesium hydrogen sulfate A) MgSO3 B) MgSO4 C) MgS D) Mg(HSO4)2 E) Mg(HSO3)2

D) Mg(HSO4)2

Which of the following polyatomic ions has a positive charge? A) hydroxide B) sulfate C) hydrogen carbonate D) ammonium E) nitrate

D) ammonium

In a molecule with covalent bonding A) oppositely charged ions are held together by strong electrical attractions. B) atoms of metals form bonds to atoms of nonmetals. C) atoms of different metals form bonds. D) atoms are held together by sharing electrons. E) atoms of noble gases are held together by attractions between oppositely charged ions.

D) atoms are held together by sharing electrons.

The octet rule indicates that A) all of the noble gases have eight total electrons. B) all of the shells in an atom hold a maximum of 8 electrons. C) all of the Group A elements have 8 valence electrons. D) atoms lose, gain, or share valence electrons to have 8 valence electrons. E) the noble gases react with other compounds to get 8 valence electrons.

D) atoms lose, gain, or share valence electrons to have 8 valence electrons.

The types of compounds that use prefixes in their names are A) ionic compounds. B) ionic compounds involving transition metals. C) polyatomic ions. D) covalent compounds. E) compounds that contain polyatomic ions.

D) covalent compounds.

The strongest interactions between molecules of hydrogen chloride are A) ionic bonds. B) covalent bonds. C) hydrogen bonds. D) dipole-dipole interactions. E) dispersion forces.

D) dipole-dipole interactions.

How many valence electrons does carbon have? A) one B) two C) three D) four E) five

D) four

Indicate the type of bonding you would expect between the following elements. Na and F A) none B) polar covalent C) nonpolar covalent D) ionic

D) ionic

How many electrons will aluminum gain or lose when it forms an ion? A) lose 1 B) gain 5 C) lose 2 D) lose 3 E) gain 1

D) lose 3

To form an ion, a sodium atom A) gains one electron. B) gains two electrons. C) loses seven electrons. D) loses one electron. E) loses two electrons.

D) loses one electron.

The compound MgCl2 is named A) magnesium chlorine. B) magnesium dichloride. C) magnesium(II) chloride. D) magnesium chloride. E) dimagnesium chloride.

D) magnesium chloride.

Which of the following polyatomic ions has a 3- ionic charge? A) hydroxide B) nitrate C) sulfate D) phosphate E) bicarbonate

D) phosphate

Hydrogen sulfide, H2S, has a shape similar to A) carbon dioxide. B) carbon monoxide. C) hydrogen chloride. D) water. E) carbon tetrachloride.

D) water.

Give the correct charge for ions of the following elements. Ca A) 1- B) 2- C) 1+ D) 0 E) 2+ F) 3+

E) 2+

How many valence electrons are in the electron-dot structure of CCl4? A) 0 B) 82 C) 6 D) 8 E) 32

E) 32

The correct formula for a compound formed from the elements Al and O is A) AlO. B) Al2O. C) Al3O2. D) AlO3. E) Al2O3.

E) Al2O3.

Which one of the following elements forms two or more ions with different ionic charges? A) K B) F C) Ca D) O E) Fe

E) Fe

What is the correct formula for iron(III) sulfide? A) Fe2S2 B) Fe2S C) FeS D) FeS2 E) Fe2S3

E) Fe2S3

What is the symbol for the ion with 19 protons and 18 electrons? A) F+ B) F- C) Ar+ D) K- E) K+

E) K+

Which of the following substances contains a nonpolar covalent bond? A) H2O B) NaCl C) NH3 D) MgF2 E) N2

E) N2

The name of Al2(SO4)3 is A) aluminum(III) sulfate. B) dialuminum trisulfate. C) dialuminum sulfate. D) dialuminum trisulfide. E) aluminum sulfate.

E) aluminum sulfate.

Which of the following elements does NOT exist as a diatomic molecule? A) hydrogen B) nitrogen C) chlorine D) oxygen E) carbon

E) carbon

The correct name for the compound N2O3 is A) nitrogen oxide. B) nitrogen trioxide. C) dinitride trioxide. D) dinitrogen oxide. E) dinitrogen trioxide.

E) dinitrogen trioxide

The strongest interactions between atoms of helium He are examples of A) ionic bonds. B) covalent bonds. C) hydrogen bonds. D) dipole-dipole interactions. E) dispersion forces.

E) dispersion forces.

The strongest interactions between molecules of hydrogen ( H2) are A) ionic bonds. B) hydrogen bonds. C) polar covalent. D) dipole-dipole. E) dispersion forces.

E) dispersion forces.

The strongest interactions between molecules of iodine I2 are examples of A) ionic bonds. B) covalent bonds. C) hydrogen bonds. D) dipole-dipole interactions. E) dispersion forces.

E) dispersion forces.

How many electrons will iodine gain or lose when it forms an ion? A) lose 1 B) gain 5 C) lose 2 D) lose 3 E) gain 1

E) gain 1

An anion always A) has a positive charge. B) contains a group of two or more atoms with a positive charge. C) contains a metal and a nonmetal. D) forms covalent bonds. E) has a negative charge.

E) has a negative charge.

An ionic compound A) has a net positive charge. B) has a net negative charge. C) contains only cations. D) contains only anions. E) has a net charge of zero.

E) has a net charge of zero.

In ionic compounds, ________ lose their valence electrons to form positively charged ________. (5,2) A) metals; anions B) nonmetals; cations C) metals; polyatomic ions D) nonmetals; anions E) metals; cations

E) metals; cations

In a covalently bonded molecule, the number of electrons that an atom shares with others is usually equal to the number of electrons A) in the atom. B) in its nucleus. C) in all the atoms. D) in its ion. E) needed to give it a stable electron configuration.

E) needed to give it a stable electron configuration.

The correct name of the compound NCl3 is A) nitrogen chloride. B) trinitrogen chloride. C) nitrogen(III) chloride. D) nickel chloride. E) nitrogen trichloride.

E) nitrogen trichloride.

Give the correct charge for ions of the following elements. Al A) 1- B) 2- C) 1+ D) 0 E) 2+ F) 3+

F) 3+