Chapter 6 - Biomedical Science and Minimally Invasive Surgery

Matter

Anything that has mass and occupies space. All matter consists of atoms.

Which of the following laser beams permits precise cutting and coagulating due to absorption of energy by cellular water content? Group of answer choicesargonCO2 kryptonNd:YAG

CO2

Ebonized or other specially coated instruments should be used when which surgical device is being used in a narrow space? Group of answer choicesbipolar forcepsCO2 laser hand pieceelectrosurgical pencilultrasonic scapel

CO2 laser hand piece

Internet

Gigantic international network connected via millions of servers

Insulators provide resistance to current flow. Group of answer choicesTrueFalse

T

World Wide Web

User-friendly format for browsing Internet pages

Addresses

Usually contain: http://, www., and .com@ email accounts

Radio frequency (RF) capacitive coupling occurs when alternating current travels from the active electrode across intact insulation and into the skin. a. False b. True

b. True

The use of a smoke evacuator is recommended to minimize exposure to vaporized tissue plume. a. False b. True

b. True

To shut down a computer correctly, one must: a. All of these choices are correct. b. Use the shutdown process c. Unplug it d. Push the power button while the computer is running

b. Use the shutdown process

Which of the following modes or settings of the electrosurgical unit (ESU) would NOT require use of a patient return electrode (ground pad)? Group of answer choicesbipolarblendedcoagulationcutting

bipolar

One of the differences between Monopolar ESU and bipolar ESU is the fact that? a. Monopolar cautery is safe for nerve tissue b. Bipolar is stronger than Monopolar c. Bipolar does not need a return electrode d. Bipolar requires a grounding pad

c. Bipolar does not need a return electrode

Which of the following is considered computer hardware? a. Operating system b. Computer game c. Central processing unit (CPU) d. All of these choices are correct.

c. Central processing unit (CPU)

Word processing means to: a. Think and write b. Speak c. Create a document d. Play word games

c. Create a document

Google is a type of: a. Hard drive b. Article of confederation c. Search engine d. Central processing unit (CPU)

c. Search engine

Font refers to: a. All of these choices are correct. b. Darkness of lettering c. Style of lettering d. Emphasis of lettering

c. Style of lettering

A prevents the need to type the same addresses repeatedly.

cache memory?

All of the following are examples of tissue interaction with laser light energy EXCEPT: Group of answer choices absorption contractionreflectiontransmission

contraction

is the flow of electric charge or the rate of flow of electrons.

current

Check My Work _____ is an example of a conductor. a. Salt water b. Silver c. Copper d. All of these choices are correct.

d. All of these choices are correct.

Spell check is a function used to check: a. Sentence structure b. Grammar c. Spelling d. All of these choices are correct.

d. All of these choices are correct.

Paul the CST who is scrubbed in on a Craniotomy knows that surgeon would prefer to use the ________ for cauterization, when in close proximity to nerve tissue. a. CO2 laser b. Monopolar ESU c. Argon laser d. Bipolar ESU

d. Bipolar ESU

A(n) _____ is used to coagulate or cut tissue with electricity. a. ESU b. Bovie c. ECU d. Both Bovie and ESU are correct

d. Both Bovie and ESU are correct

One of the most frequently used lasers in surgery, is the ________ laser. a. Krypton b. Argon c. ND: YAG d. CO2

d. CO2

In robotic surgery resolution refers to the robots ability to? a. Move manipulators b. Reason c. Provide HD pictures d. Differentiate between two objects

d. Differentiate between two objects

Juan the CST scrubbed in room five listens as the surgeon complains that the ESU is not functioning correctly. The only part of the ESU circuit that Juan can check without breaking sterile technique is the? a. Scratch pad b. Patient return electrode c. Generator d. Electrosurgical pencil

d. Electrosurgical pencil

Files are stored on the _____ of a computer. a. Monitor b. Port c. Expansion slot d. Hard drive

d. Hard drive

Computers facilitate the storing, updating, and _____ of patient information among hospital departments and physicians' offices. a. Recording b. Losing c. Erasing d. Sharing

d. Sharing

To prevent safety issues while using the ESU on surgical procedures the CST should ensure all of the following except? a. Handle pad as little as possible b. Ensure that all patient jewelry has been removed c. Grounding pad is placed as close to incision as possible d. Use alcohol based prep solutions and do not allow to dry

d. Use alcohol based prep solutions and do not allow to dry

What is the name of the complex robotic operating system created and marketed by the company Intuitive Surgical? Group of answer choicesAesopColumbusda VinciMagellan

da Vinci

_________ breakdown occurs when high voltage breaks down some insulating material.

dielectric

DC stands for

direct current

When using a bayonet bipolar forceps: Group of answer choices argon gas may be used to enhance the cutting mode electrical current passes between two prongs of the instrument and through any tissue in between the dispersive patient return electrode returns the current back to the generatorthe surgeon chooses the blended current mode to reduce the thermal damage to adjacent tissue

electrical current passes between two prongs of the instrument and through any tissue in between

Alternating current (AC) is dependent upon the free flow of which subatomic patricles? Group of answer choiceselectronsneutronsprotonsquarks

electrons

RF capacitative coupling and dielectric breakdown are examples of: Group of answer choicescomputer program malfunctionselectrosurgery burnslaser energy tissue effectsrobotic operation modes

electrosurgery burns

The electromagnetic waves that create radio and television signals are measured in wave cycles per second termed: Group of answer choicesfrequencyresistancevoltagewattage

frequency

The round, third prong of a three-prong plug, which captures excess leakage current to prevent shocks.

ground

A bipolar electrosurgical unit (ESU) does not require the patient to be____

grounded

Materials such as plastic, glass, wood, rubber that inhibit the flow of electrons.

insulator

Materials that inhibit the flow of electrons are called______

insulators

Google, Yahoo, and Bing are popular: Group of answer choicescomputer processing unitsinternet service providersinternet search enginesword-processing programs

internet search engines

What is the term for the object in an electrical circuit (e.g. surgical light or ESU) that receives and can modify the amount of power from the source? Group of answer choicesconductorfield load terminal

load

Anything that has mass and occupies space.

matter

Matter is anything that has _____ and takes up space. a. Mass b. Carbon infiltrates c. Life d. Light particles

a. Mass

The monitor on a computer hooks into a _____ on the central processing unit (CPU). a. Port b. Modem c. All of these choices are correct. d. Storm

a. Port

A monopolar electrosurgical unit (ESU) needs a grounding pad. a. True b. False

a. True

Power is the rate at which work is done. a. True b. False

a. True

When using the harmonic scalpel for a surgical procedure the CST should know that harmonic scalpel uses ________ energy and it is not necessary to use a ___________. a. Ultrasonic, dispersive electrode b. Electrical, active electrode c. Laser, grounding pad d. Electrical, probe

a. Ultrasonic, dispersive electrode

Email addresses are stored in a(n): Group of answer choicesESUpoint folderbovieaddress book

address book

Current that requires a wall outlet and reverses direction periodically.

alternating

Current is measured in ________ .

amperes

Which type of laser has a wavelength that creates a bright blue-green visible light within a plasma tube? Group of answer choicesargonCO2Ho:YAGnd:YAG

argon

The ESU pencil is the: a. None of these choices is correct. b. Active electrode c. Grounding pad d. Inactive electrode

b. Active electrode

Lasers are classified by the type of: a. Semiconductor crystals b. Active media c. All of these choices are correct. d. Colored light

b. Active media

E-mail addresses are stored in a(n): a. Bovie b. Address book c. Point folder d. ESU

b. Address book

When using the Da Vinci robotic system in a surgical procedure, the surgeon? a. Remains sterile b. Does not need to be gowned and gloved c. Positions the robotic system d. Places the instrumentation in the robotic arms

b. Does not need to be gowned and gloved

A Mac and a PC are the same thing. a. True b. False

b. False

A bipolar electrosurgical unit (ESU) needs a grounding pad. a. True b. False

b. False

A terabyte is less than a gigabyte a. True b. False

b. False

Dielectric breakdown occurs when low voltage breaks down some insulating material. a. True b. False

b. False

The inactive electrode is usually the electrosurgical pencil. a. True b. False

b. False

Vaporized tissue plume is not dangerous. a. True b. False

b. False

Documents should be saved: a. Only once b. Frequently c. Never d. Rarely

b. Frequently

To scroll means to _____ within a window or document. a. Move up b. Move both up and down c. Move neither up nor down d. Move down

b. Move both up and down

Douglas the CST scheduled to scrub on a laparoscopic appendectomy for Dr. Smith is nervous because he has never worked with Dr. Smith before. The best way for Douglas to prepare for the procedure is? a. Study up on the procedure b. Pull the surgeons preference card c. Review the patients chart d. Wing it, trial by fire

b. Pull the surgeons preference card

Computers are used in operating rooms to: a. All of these choices are correct. b. Requisition lab and radiology reports c. Play games d. Chat with friends on the Internet

b. Requisition lab and radiology reports

Along the bottom of the desktop is the _____, which shows the applications that are currently open. a. Movie mouse b. Task bar c. Start menu d. CPU function

b. Task bar

Objects that have mass and take up space are called matter. a. False b. True

b. True

One kilowatt equals watts.

1,000

Sterile processing

Computers have substantially reduced paperwork in sterile processing department

A flash drive is also known as a floppy disk. Group of answer choicesTrueFalse

F

One kilowatt equals 10,000 watts. Group of answer choicesTrueFalse

F

Protons

Inside nucleus and positively charged

Neutrons

Inside nucleus; neutral particles

Hardware

Overall term used to describe the components of a computer. Central processing unit (CPU), monitor, modem, and memory storage devices

Importing images from the Internet

Photographs and drawings can be imported into a document from the Internet

In a 110-V outlet, the first prong is ______.

Positive

Software

Programs that operate the computer system, individual hardware components, and user's programs Available on CD-ROMs or the Internet

Atoms are composed of small particles:

Protons, Electrons, Neutrons

Surgeon's preference card

Saved electronically

Hardware describes computer programs such as a word processor. a. False b. True

a. False

One of the key factors in promoting robotic surgery for surgeons is? a. Elimination of hand tremors b. No electrical cords c. No prior training needed d. More expense

a. Elimination of hand tremors

A surge protector protects computers against viruses. a. False b. True

a. False

CPU stands for central posting utility. a. False b. True

a. False

When the switch on a flashlight is closed, the flashlight is

on

Which of the following would MOST likely be the cause of a patient burn from alternate exit pathway of ESU current? Group of answer choicesfingernail bed under the pulse oximeterplacement site of electrocardiogram (ECG) leadsskin over a bony prominence such as the scapulalegs under the sequential compression device stockings

placement site of electrocardiogram (ECG)

To prevent inadvertent activation of the ESU resulting in possible ignition of draping materials, the pencil should be placed in which of the following when NOT in use? Group of answer choicesinstrument pouchkidney basinplastic rigid holstertrocar cannula

plastic rigid holster

Aerosolized tissue is also known as_______.

plume

The opposite charged ends of a magnet are its: Group of answer choicesaperturesfilamentsgapspoles

poles

The two different ends of a magnet are called its

poles

The rate at which work is done; measured in watts

power

Insulators provide ________ to current flow.

resistance

Computers facilitate the storing, updating, and _________ of patient information among hospital departments and physicians' offices. Group of answer choiceslosingsharingrecordingerasing

sharing

During routine robotic surgery procedures, where is the surgeon located? Group of answer choicessitting on stool at the OR tablestanding on the operative side of the OR tablesitting at the robotic console separate from the OR table standing between the patient's legs, which are in low-lithotomy stirrups

sitting at the robotic console separate from the OR table

Solids, gases, liquids, and semiconductor crystals are types of: Group of answer choiceschemical coagulantselectrical conductorsrobotic power sourcessurgical laser media

surgical laser media

What is the term for the developing technology of performing a surgical procedure in real time but from a distant location? Group of answer choicesCartesian coordinate geometryexpert systemsrevolute geometrytelesurgery

telesurgery

A flash drive is also known as a --- drive

thumb

The term defines electrical potential.

volt

Which of the following terms related to electricity defines electrical potential (electrical charge)? Group of answer choicesamperescurrentvoltswatts

volts

All radio and television signals are in the form of electromagnetic

waves