Chapter 6

they can vote at the primary election and is their b-day falls between the primary election and general election

Can anyone under 18 vote in the U.S.?

the part of the countries, state, and/or locale in which a personalizes solid south-used to be identifies as the Democratic party but now it is mostly republicans voters attitudes vary by community size

Describe how geography affects voting patterns

-younger than 35 -unmarried -unskilled -live in the South -rural areas -men

Describe the profile of those less likely to vote

-larger income -education -occupational statues -well integrated into the community -long-time residence -strong political party identification -believe voting is an important act -live in an area that has strong political competition

Describe the profile of those most likely to vote

growing federal control over suffrage the elimination of voting restrictions

Describe the two trends in the expansion of the American electorate

Yes! 2/3 of voters follow the political attachments of their parents, those who work together and circles of friends vow alike, people with similar social, economical backgrounds tend to associate with one another they all reinforce the opinions he/she already holds

Do family members tend to vote alike?

voter turnout began to decline in the early 1900s the voting process is inconvenient voter turnout is higher in European democracies because everyone's names are already on the poll

Give three arguments against votar registration

its changed the age from 21 to 18

How did the 26th Amendment affect the age at which citizens can vote?

they aren't allowed to vote in the state for the state where have a temporary/ physical presence

How do residence requirements affect transients?

a person must have lived in State for at least a certain period of time before he/she can vote

How does a persons residence affect his/her eligibility to vote?

they have even lower rates of turnout

How does voter turnout in off-year elections compare to voter turnout in presidential election years?

more people vote general election than in either primary or special elections

How does voter turnout in primary and special elections compare to votar turnout in general elections?

-income and occupation -Education -Gender, Age -Religion, Ethnic Background -Geography -Family and Other Groups

Identify the sociological facts that tend to influence voter behavior

Yes because aliens are denied the right to vote

Is citizenship a requirement to vote in the U.S.? Explain

to make sure they casted an informed ballot; disenfranchised African Americans

What was the original purpose of literacy qualifications? For what purpose were there qualifications later used?

Any person allowed to vote for state members can vote for in the federal election No state can deprive any person of the right to vote based on race/color No state can deprive nay person of the right to vote based on sex No state can levy any tax in connection of the President and VP or member of Congress Can't prohibit voting based on age. if they are 18 and up

List the 5 restrictions that the Constitution places on the ability of the States to set qualifications for voting

-all eligible citizens to register ro vote when they apply for or renew a driver's license -provides for voters registration by mail -make registration forms available at local offices of State. employment, welfare, and other social services agencies -requires every State to mail questionnaires to each of its registered voters every 4 years so the poll books can be purged for deaths/ changes in residence -forbids the State to purge for any reason, including failure to vote

Name 5 provisions of the "Motor Voter Law"

-ill or physically disabled -in jail or prison -religious beliefs -the purposeful administration of elections laws -various 'informal" local pressures

Name five reasons why "cannot voters" are unable to vote

-convinced that it makes little difference which candidates wins a particular election -believe things will continue to go well for themselves and for the country -they don't trust political institutions or processes -too busy -no sense of political efficacy

Name five reasons why actual nonvoters do not vote

- people who have been convicted of serious crimes -anyone dishonorable discharged from armed forces -people in mental institutions or found mentally incompetent

Name there reasons why people may be denied the right to vote in some or all States

Early 1800s, Religious property and tax qualifications began to disappear in every state 1870, 15th Amendment prohibits voting restrictions based on race color (exceptions: African Americans) 1920, removes voting restrictions based on gender 1965, voting rights Act of 1965 enforces racial equality at polling places 1971, 26th amendment sets the minimum voting age at 18

Summarize the 5 stages in the extension of voting rights in the chart below

to prevent fraudulent voting

What is the purpose of voter registration?

each state

To whom did the Framers give power to set voter qualifications?

24th Amendment: outlawed the poll tax and any other tax Harper v. Virginia Board of Elections: Virginia 's poll tax affected with the 14th amendment's Equal Protection clause

What affected the poll taxes?

payments of special taxes; because it was used to discourage voting by African Americans

What are poll taxes? Why were they common thought the South?

"old enough to fight, old enough to vote" -WWI

What are the principle argument in favor of this amendment?

-the results of the particular elections -the fields of survey research -studies of political socialization

What are the three main sources of information about voters behavior?

the candidates the issues in an election

What are the two most important short-term factors that can cause voters to sweetie sides in an election?

high sense of political efficacy and the degree of 2-party competition

What are two factors increase voter turnout even when they conflict with other factors?

suffrage and franchise

What are two terms that both mean "the right to vote"?

the loyalty of people to a particular political party major parties can regularly count on the voters of faithful supporters

What is party identification? How important is it in determining how a person will vote?

when official remove name of this who are no longer eligible to vote; it is important because it cleans up poll books

What is purging? and Why is it important?

voters cast fewer votes for offices listed towards the bottom of the ballot they become exhausted or their knowledge weighs down the ballot

What is the ballot fatigue? How does it help explain "nonvoting voters"?

the potential voting population

What is the electorate?

to keep political machine from bringing in outsiders to affect the elections outcomes to allow new voters enough time to become familiar with the candidate and issues

What is the purpose of residence requirement?

white male property owners

When the constitution went into effect in 1789, who had the right to vote?

a court found the requirement to be unsupportable discrimination against new residence and goes against the 14th amendment

Why are residence requirements much shorter today than they were in the past?

R- insist that the measure are intended to prevent people from voting under false identities (fraudulent voting) D- the measures are designed to discourage voting by elderly, poor, minority groups because they are less likely to have driver licenses or passports

Why are voter ID laws controversial?

because it was used to disfranchise voters on account of their race

Why is literacy no longer used as a suffrage qualification?

straight-ticket voting split-ticket voting independents

vote for candidates of only one party voting for the candidate of more than one party people who have no party affiliation