chapter 6 Marijuana

withdrawals from marijuana

irritability agression anxiety depression, sweating, Nausea, Anorexia, Rapid heart rate, Vomiting

Inhalation

most common use of Marijuana - 10 times the amount of tar as cigarettes

Comobirdity of severe psychotic disorders with measures of substance abuse

ocer 1900 + participants - compared substance use among those with bipolar ( with psychotic features) Schizophrenia and Schizoaffective disorders - Alcohol use ranged from 26 percent to 29 percent - Recreational drug use ranged from 25 percent to 53 percent - for those without psychotic disorder, the range was 8 percent to 18 percent

Addiction

1 out of the 10 marijuana users will become addicted - these individuals will be diagnosed with cannabis use disorder, which means that their marijuana use negatively impacts their life These individuals consume approximately 70 percent the marijuana that is used in society

How long does it often take for the sense of novelty to return to chronic marijuana users who have decided to quit?

1 year

Marijuana Potentcy

1960's around 1 to 2 percent thc 1990 around 3 percent thc 2000s around 10 percent thc today between 10 percent and 20 thc (edibles around 20 percent)

Marijuana in the urine of a regular user is detectable for

3 to 6 weeks

Approximately how long do the effects of LSD last?

6 to 8 hours

Recent studies on Marijuana

Cannabis use and cannabis use disorders among individuals with mental illness 43000 participants 3 out 4 who used marijuana for addicted to marijuana had a year long mental disorder - Prevalence of mental illness was significantly higher among individuals using cannabis at least weekly ( 77.2 percent ).

THC concentrations in marijuana have:

Increased

DMT is categorized as which type of psychodelics?

Indole Psychedelics

Which neurochemical is primarily released during ecstacy use?

MDMA

Which of the following most accurately describes the addiction profile for psychedelics such as psilocybin mushrooms, LSD, and peyote?

They do not generally produce compulsive drug-seeking behavior and are not considered addictive.

There is increasing evidence that the use of some psychedelic drugs under medically monitored conditions may effectively treat some addictions.

True

Time seems to go by faster when under the influence of marijuana.

True

Tolerance to LSD develops quickly, within days of daily use.

True

does marijuana have an adverse effect on memory development and storage true or false

True

Anandamide

an endogenous substance that binds the cannabinoid receptor molecule - affects ability to learn new information -mood, memory, cognition, perception, sleep body, appetite and pain

Which chemicals are most responsible for the psychedelic effects of magic mushrooms?

psilocin and psilocybin

Hyperemesis, brought on by highly potent cannabis, synthetic marijuana, or highly concentrated extracts, is characterized by

uncontrolled vomiting

does Marijuana cause euphoria

yes but no known cause for it no one has ever died from overdose marijuana

term used to describe an inability to remember what happened during a psychedelic trip.

Anterograde amnesia

California can potentially generate up to 10 million dollars in taxes from marijuana sales.

False

In addition to their psychedelic effects, "all arounders" almost always depress the central nervous system.

False

Marijuana affects both short and long-term memory equally.

False

Marijuana is not addictive and does not induce compulsive use.

False

Marijuana withdrawal is as rapid as withdrawal from alcohol or heroin.

False

Psychedelics come only from natural plant sources.

False

Withdrawal effects of marijuana include of the above EXCEPT:

Flashbacks

REM sleep

Marijuana affects REM sleep when the body solidifies the memories - Research shows that interference during REM sleep negatively impacts memory formulation

THC

Mimics naturally occurring endocannaboids

"Buttons" are associated with which all-arounder?

Peyote

Marijuana decreases testosterone production.

True

PCP can be recirculated from the body fat to the brain, causing an actual drug "flashback."

True

Psilocybin mushrooms cause less disassociation, panic, and psychotic reactions compared with LSD.

True

The field sobriety tests used for alcohol are also used for marijuana to determine driver impairment.

True

Sn -2

archidonogyl, which affects memory formation as it targets the hippocampal part of the brain

Hashish is made from

cannabis resin

People who smoke marijuana commonly present with which physical ailments?

chronic bronchitis

Prolonged use of MDMA (ecstasy) has what effect on sexual function?

decreased orgasm in men and sexual arousal in women

effects

quick and often reach their peak with 2 to 10 minutes - includes wax (3 to 4 times powerful) -

Hippocampus

responsible for sorting and retrieving memories - contribute to the development of meaningful memories

withdrawal

symptoms are most intense during the first two weeks, but may last up to 3 to 4 months - The intensity of withdrawal symptoms is determined by the frequency and duration of use - Approximately 20 percent of those in an inpatient recovery treatment Center are being treated marijuana additction

orally

trough food and edibles - results in a slower more powerful high, that often leads intense anxiety and nausea those who are unaware

Chronic marijuana users have 12 percent smaller hippocampus than non users and 6 percent smaller amygdala true or false

true

Psychological THC Effects

Thc is a psychoactive component - smoked and moves through blood stream organs quickly -heart, lungs, and brain -increase use will store in body's fat -leads to delay withdrawal as the body slowly releases THC once the person stops using - this is why many assume marijuana doesn't cause addiction

The U.S. Army carried out psychological warfare and brainwashing experiments on animals and humans with psychedelic drugs for many years.

True

Amygdala

tagging our memories with emotions -- contribute to the development of meaningful memories