Chapter 6 Quiz

Which of the following is Not a major debate in developmental psychology?

young versus old

Which of the following statements is true of prospective memory?

Moods and attitudes affect prospective memory.

According to Freud, we are motivated to forget painful memories and unacceptable ideas because they produce anxiety, guilt, and shame.

True

Encoding is the process of modifying information so we can place it in memory.

True

Failure to remember events that occurred after physical trauma because of the effects of the trauma is known as "Anterograde Amnesia".

True

If the thalamus is damaged, a person can form visual memories but not verbal memories.

True

In order to form new memories, you must have a fully functioning hippocampus.

True

Memory may be defined as the processes by which information is encoded, stored, and retrieved.

True

Mentally repeating a list or saying it to yourself refers to maintenance rehearsal.

True

If a student studies the course material twice a week, the difference between the amount of time originally required to learn the information and the amount of time required to relearn the material after a certain amount of time has elapsed is known as __________.

Saving

"I remember my first day of school" is an example of:

episodic memory

Every time Claire smells gardenias, it takes her back to her childhood and a memory of being surrounded by gardenias, beside her mother working in the garden. The smell of gardenias triggers a context-dependent memory for Claire.

False

The human ability to store information is limited.

False

When you store information by mentally repeating it, this memory process is called elaborative rehearsal.

False

Once a child can perform mental operations on concrete objects, and understand the principles of conservation and reversibility, she has reached Piaget's ___________stage.

concrete operational

A 4-year old child is speaking on the phone with her grandmother, and instead of verbally responding to her grandmother's questions, she shakes and nods her head. This child is experiencing _____________.

egocentric thinking

Riding a bicycle is an example of __________ _____________

implicit memory

Research on the biology of memory involving the visual cortex of rats reared in stimulating environments and the stimulation of certain synapses in sea snails suggests that:

neural events may be involved in memory.

Significant language advances tend to occur during what stage of cognitive development?

preoperational

Egocentric thinking is associated with Piaget's _____________.

preoperational stage

Critics have suggested that Piaget underestimated ______________.

the cognitive abilities of adolescents

The preoperational belief that all things are alive and have intentions, motivations, and feelings is called ____________.

animism

Short-term memory and working memory mean the same thing.

True

Jason, while standing on the deck of a ship, is trying to memorize distant landmarks to the harbor entrance; he is trying to create a mental picture of all the names. He is using ________.

a visual code

Although Crystal had practiced her presentation several times before class, she struggled in the middle part of the speech when she gave it in class. This pattern of forgetting illustrates __________.

the serial-position effect