Chapter 6 Review

The privilege against self-incriminating is found in the _______ amendment.

Fifth

An informant's privilege is not an ________ privilege and must give way when there is a compelling need to protect the rights of the accused.

absolute

The husband-wife (marital) privilege is recognized in _____________.

all jurisdictions

A person can assert the privilege against self-incrimination...

at any judicial proceeding

The oldest confidential communication privilege known to common law was the __________ privilege.

attorney-client

There is usually an exception in a psychotherapist-patient privilege for...

dangerous patients.

The physician-patient privilege...

did not exist at common law

Prosecutors generally have a privilege not to reveal the...

identity of confidential informants.

Judicial notice is permitted...

in all jurisdictions

It has been held that courts should not take ______ of facts that are an element of the crime charged or serve as the basis for increased prison sentences.

judicial notice

The oldest application of judicial notice is for...

matters generally known within the community or state.

Federal statutes give federal employees a privilege not to reveal...

military or diplomatic secrets vital to national security.

The attorney-client privilege does not apply when the client informs the attorney of...

planned crimes

Many states have a _______ privilege, meaning a journalist can refuse to disclose sources, but must make available other information acquired through reporting activities.

qualified

The primary purpose of judicial notice is to...

save time and effort

Courts have long held that judicial notice may be taken of ______ theories that have been so established that they have "attained the status of scientific law".

scientific

People can assert the privilege against self-incrimination only for __________ evidence.

testimonial or communicative

About _______ of the states have statutes defining the clergy-penitent privilege, with a few other states recognizing the privilege by court decisions.

two-thirds

What is the exception to the marital privilege?

when one spouse has committed a crime against another