Chapter 7, 11, and 12 Sociology Test Review

Why did most white ethnic Americans come to the United States?

A and B only

According to social disorganization theory, crime is most likely to occur where?

A community where neighbors don't know each other very well

According to C. Wright Mills, which of the following people is most likely to be a member of the power elite?

A senator

According to national surveys, most U.S. parents support which type of sex education program in school?

Abstinence plus sexual safety

According to the symbolic interactionist perspective, we "do gender":

All of the time, in everything that we do

During the civils right movement, Rosa Parks and other black protestors spoke out against segregation by refusing to sit at the back of the bus. This is an example of

An Act of Deviance

Which subordinate group is often referred to as the "model minority?"

Asian Americans

According to the concept of the power elite, why would a celebrity such as Charlie Sheen commit a crime?

Because his fame protects him from retribution

What is discrimination?

Biased actions against an individual or group

Which of the following is an example of a numerical majority being treated a subordinate group?

Blacks under apartheid in south Africa

Compared to most Western societies, U.S. sexual attitudes are considered _______.

Conservative

Which of the following is correct regarding the explanation for transgenderism?

Currently, there is no definitive explanation for transgenderism

Which of the following best describes how Deviance is defined?

Deviance is socially defined

Which of the following is an example of corporate crime?

Embezzlement

Only women are affected by gender stratification.

False

To which theoretical perspective does the following statement most apply: Women to assume the responsibility in the household along with a paid occupation because it keeps the household running smoothly, i.e., at a state of balance?

Functionalism

Which theoretical perspective stresses the importance of regulating sexual behavior to ensure marital cohesion and family stability?

Functionalism

The terms "masculine and "feminine" refer to a person's

Gender

The term________________ refers to society's concept of how men and women are expected to act and how they should behave.

Gender role

Research indicates that individuals are aware of their sexual orientation____________.

In early adolescence

A student has a habit of talking on her cell phone during class. One day, the professor stops his lecture and asks her to respect the other students in the class by turning off her phone. In this situation, the professor used________________ to maintain social control.

Informal negative sanctions

One day, you decide to wear pajamas to the grocery store. While you shop, you notice people giving you strange looks and whispering to others. In this case, the grocery store patrons are demonstrating _______.

Informal sanctions

Many Arab Americans face _______________, especially after 9/11.

Islamophobia

Which of the following is the best explanation of racism as a social fact?

It does not need the action of individuals to continue

What is the one defining feature of a minority group?

Lack of power

Amalgamation is represented by the _____________ metaphor.

Melting pot

Which of the following is the best example of the role peers play as an agent of socialization for school-aged children?

Peers tend to reinforce gender roles by criticizing and marginalizing those who behave outside of their assigned roles

A student wakes up late and realizes her sociology exam starts in five minutes. She jumps into her car and speeds down the road, where she is pulled over by a police officer. The student explains that she is running late, and the officer lets her off with a warning. The student's actions are an example of _________.

Primary Deviance

_________ deviance is a violation of norms that __________ result in a person being labeled a deviant.

Primary; does not

What intergroup relationship is represented by the "salad bowl" metaphor?

Purism

Which of the following situations best describes crime trends in the United States?

Rates of violent crimes and nonviolent are decreasing

What doctrine justified legal segregation in the South?

Separate but equal

Societies practice social control to maintain:

Social Order

Speedy Gonzalez is an example of:

Stereotyping

What Western country is thought to be the most liberal in its attitudes toward sex?

Sweden

Which federal act or program was designed to allow more Hispanic American immigration, not block it?

The Bracero Program

What is a disadvantage of the national crime victimization survey (NCVS)?

The NCVS may be unable to reach important groups, such as those without phones

A convicted sexual offender is released on parole and arrested two weeks later for repeated sexual crimes. How would labeling theory explain this?

The offender has been labeled deviant by society and has accepted a new master status

What makes Native Americans unique as a subordinate group in the United States?

They are the only group that did not come her as immigrants

A person who is biologically female but with the male gender and has undergone surgery to alter her body is considered___________.

Transexual

Shaw and McKay found that crime is linked primarily to ________.

Wealth

As a Caucasian in the United States, being reasonably sure that you will be dealing with authority figures of the same race as you is a result of:

White privilege

Which of the following is the best example of gender stereotype?

Women tend to be overly emotional, while men tend to be levelheaded

Sociologists associate sexuality with _______.

a person's capacity for sexual feelings

Ethnicity describes shared:

any of the above

The racial term "African American" can refer to:

any of the above

Scapegoat theory shows that:

dominant groups blame subordinate groups for their problems

Stereotypes can be based on:

race, ethnicity, gender (all of the above)

Spousal abuse is an example of

violent crime