CHAPTER 7
What 3 statements describe photons
A photon can transfer momentum to another particle in a collision, Photons are particles of electromagnetic radiation and Each photon has a specific energy, frequency and wavelength
An example of diffraction is when light passes through
A pinhole
What is a Blackbody
An ideal object that absorbs all radiation
Which properties are related to the amplitude of an electromagnetic wave
Brightness and Intensity
What shape are P orbitals
Dumbbell (z axis, up and down)
What is the equation for the relationship between energy and frequency
E=hv
Visible light and radio waves are both examples of ______________ radiation, which has a dual nature, possessing the properties of both _________ and waves
Electromagnetic and particles
Why are electrons restricted to certain discrete energy levels within the atom
Electrons have wavelike motion and are restricted to certain energy states associated with specific wavelengths
Temperature is related to ______ while color is related to both _________ and __________
Energy, frequency and wavelength
The closer electrons are to the nucleus the ______ they go
Faster
The _________ of a wave is the number of wave cycles per second. This quantity is given the symbol v and has units of s-1 or __
Frequency and Hz
Which properties determines the color of visible light
Frequency and Wavelength
The speed of a wave is determined by multiplying the
Frequency x Wavelength
Amplitude
Height of the crest or depth of the trough (higher intensity = brighter)
Shorter wavelength =
Higher frequency
Wavelength and frequency are _________ proportional to each other. As wavelength increases, frequency will ________
Inversely and Decrease
What is the Uncertainty principle
It's impossible to simultaneously know the position and momentum (massxspeed) of a particle
What is wave-particle duality
Matter and energy are different forms of the same entity, all matter exhibits wavelike motion and Energy and mass can be interconverted
What are two facts about photons
Matter cannot absorb or emit a fraction of a photon and A photon is a particle of electromagnetic radiation
Light that consists of a single wavelength or frequency is called _____________ where light consisting of many wavelengths is _____________
Monochromatic and Polychromatic
Does the quantum number l have negative values
No
A region of 0 electron density in an orbital is called a
Node
What 2 statements describe d orbitals
Only possible for n>3 and d orbitals always occur in groups of 5
The phenomenon where an electric current is produced by shining a light on a metal plate is called the _____________ effect. The minimum frequency required to cause a current to flow is called the _________ frequency. The frequency depends on the identity of the metal used
Photoelectric and threshold
Which wavelengths have non-ionizing radiation (Causes heating and Temp goes up with intensity)
Radio, Microwave and Infrared
When a wave moves from one medium into another at an angle other than 90 degrees the wave will change direction and continue to follow a new straight line path. This is known as __________ and is responsible for the __________ of white light into its component colors when it passes through a prism
Refraction and Dispersion
What shape are S orbitals
Spherical
What is diffraction
The apparent bending of light around the edge of an object in its path
Wavelength
The distance between any point on a wave and the corresponding point on the next wave (m/s)
What is the photoelectric effect
The emission of electrons from a metal when light shines on the metal
How is energy absorbed by an atom
The energy of the absorbed radiation must match the difference between the 2 energy states of the atom
What is probability density
The function by which we determine the chances of finding that object in a certain time and space
What does Amplitude mean
The height of a wave
Frequency
The number of complete waves that pass a given point per second (Hz)
What is wave function
The quantum state of any object and how it behaves in a system
What statements correctly describe the deBroglie wavelength for a particle
The smaller the object, the closer the wavelength is to the size of the object, Wave behavior is most obvious for very small particles and The larger the mass of the particle the smaller its wavelength
What does it mean for energy to be quantized
There is a basic unit of energy that cannot be subdivided further
Which wavelengths have Ionizing radiation (Interacts with atoms, causes tissue and genetic damage)
Ultraviolet, X-Ray and Gamma rays
An example of refraction is when light passes through
Water
Shortest to longest wavelengths
X-Ray, UV Radiation, Visible light, IR Radiation and Radiowaves
What is a threshold frequency
the minimum frequency of light required to produce the photoelectric effect
