Chapter 7

After being digested, most amino acids are

transported into absorptive cells

Enzymes within the microvilli break down ______ to amino acids.

di- and tripeptides

Intolerance to wheat products, resulting in IBS-like symptoms is defined as

non-celiac gluten sensitivity

Children and adults with PKU need to avoid foods that are rich sources of

phenylalanine

Gluten-free products that are not nutrient dense include

potato chips, cookies

What is protein turnover?

process of continuous breakdown and synthesis of protein from its amino acids

In most cases, an allergen is a(n)

protein

Complementary combinations?

mixing certain plant foods to provide all essential amino acids without adding animal protein

What are amino acids derivatives

nitrogen-containing compounds that are not proteins

Your body makes proteins by following information coded in?

-DNA -deoxyribonucleic acid

When Amino Acids form together, they form?

Protein

Combining certain plant food sources of protein to form complete proteins is called

protein complementation

Amino acids are the building blocks of?

proteins

Protein facts

-Proteins are organic molecules. -All living organisms contain protein. -Proteins are made of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen.

In the United States, the average protein intake is

-is about 15 to 18% of total calories -is about 1.44 g/kg body weight

How is nitrogen lost from the body?

-loss of hair and nails -Urinary elimination -intestinal tract sheds cells

A high-protein diet is defined as a protein intake of

20 to 35% calories

After being digested, most amino acids are first transported into?

Absorptive Cell

What results when a protein is absorbed without complete digestion?

Allergy

The process of removing the nitrogen-containing group from an unneeded amino acid is called

Deamination (Skeleton death)

What are the causes of denaturation?

Heat, acid

Foods sources that contain high-quality proteins?

Meat, egg, milk, fish

What happens to peptides once they enter the absorptive cells?

They are broken down into amino acids.

Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder in which a person's immune system reacts to

gluten

Does every cell contain protein?

yes

What are essential amino acids?

9 amino acids our bodies cant make histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, valine

When a protein is exposed to various conditions that cause it to alter its shape, what the protein has undergone?

Denaturation

Where are dipeptides and tripeptides broken into amino acids?

Microvilli

The structure of hemoglobin is an example of what structure

Quaternary

What influences a proteins function?

structural organization

What are non-essential amino acids?

Amino acids that we can make on our own

quaternary structure

Results from two or more polypeptide subunits.