chapter 7 Alcohol
fermentation
the anaerobic conversion of various CHO to carbon dioxide and an alcohol or organic acid
hangover
the collection of symptoms experienced by someone who has consumed a large quantity of alcohol
acetaldehyde
a toxic intermediate compound formed by the action of the alcohol dehydrogenase enzyme during the metabolism of alcohol
French paradox
a phenomenon observed in the French, who have a lower incidence of heart disease than people whose diets contain comparable amounts of fat. Part of the difference has been attributed to the regular and moderate drinking of red wine
fetal alcohol syndrome
a set of physical and mental abnormalities observed in infants born to women who abuse alcohol during pregnancy. affected infants exhibit poor growth, characteristic abnormal facial features, limited hand-eye coordination, and mental retardation.
fatty liver
accumulation of fat in the liver, a sign of increased fatty acid synthesis
alcohol poisoning
an overdose of alcohol. the body is overwhelmed by the amount of alcohol in the system and cannot break it down fast enough.
ethyl alcohol
another name for ethanol
methyl alcohol
another name for methanol
congeners
biologically active compounds in alcoholic beverages that include nonalcoholic ingredients as well as other alcohols such as methanol; they contribute to the distinctive taste and smell of the beverage and can increase intoxicating effects and subsequent hangovers.
ethanol
chemical name for drinking alcohol. Also known as ethyl alcohol.
alcohol
common name for ethanol or ethyl alcohol. as a general term, it refers to any organic compound with one or more hydroxyl (-OH) groups
wood alcohol
common name for methanol
binge drinking
consuming excessive amounts of alcohol in short periods of time
esophagitis
inflammation of the esophagus
gastritis
inflammation of the stomach
standard drink
one serving of alcohol (about 15 grams), defined as 12 ounces of beer, 4 - 5 ounces of wine or 1.5 ounces of liquor
methanol
the simplest alcohol