Chapter 7 and 8: Bonding
Electron dot structures
A diagram that shows only the valence electrons around the atoms as dots
Chemical bond
Attraction between electrons (-) of one atom and the nucleus(+) of another atom
Covalent bond
Bonding between 2 non-metals
Ionic Bonding
Bonding between a metal and a non-metal AND between cations and anions
Ionic bond
Chlorine bonding with Iron is an example of what bond?
10
Deca
2
Di
VSEPR theory
Helps you understand the 3D structure of molecules and shows that molecules get their shape because their electrons want to be far apart from each other
7
Hepta
6
Hexa
Calcium chloride
How do you name a binary ionic compound: CaCl2
Iron chloride
How do you name a binary ionic compound: FeCl4
Magnesium oxide
How do you name a binary ionic compound: MgO
Linear bonds 180° Bonds in shape of line
How would you answer a problem written in the form AX2 (example: CO2, SiO2, DbZr2)
Has a bent shape 1 central, 2 bonded, and 2 lone pairs Bond angle: 105° Very similar to tetrahedral
How would you answer a problem written in the form AX2E2? ( example: C2O2)
Trigonal planar 120° Bonds in shape of triangle
How would you answer a problem written in the form AX3 (example: CO3, SiO3, DbZr3)
Trigonal pyramidal Meaning 1 central, 3 bonded, 1 lone pair Bond angle: 107° Similar angles to the tetrahedral
How would you answer a problem written in the form AX3E (example: C3O)
Tetrahedral shape 109.5° 1 central 4 bonded
How would you answer a problem written in the form AX4 (example: CO4, SiO4, DbZr4)
Fe^2+
How would you write Iron (II)'s ionic charge?
Cancel them out. Example: Mg2S2= MgS
If both numbers in a binary ionic compound are the same, what do you do?
Conduct electricity
Ionic compounds don't do what? (Unless you dissolve it, AKA solid to liquid)
Crystal lattices
Ionic compounds form what at room temperature?
High
Ionic compounds have _______ melting and boiling points
Anions and cations
Ionic compounds require...?
1
Mono
Tetraphosphorus trisulfide
Name P4S3
9
Nona
8
Octa
Atoms want to achieve stability by gaining 8 valence electrons Max number in s and p orbitals Atoms do not want to gain or lose more than THREE electrons when bonding
Octet rule
5
Penta
4
Tetra
Intermolecular Forces
The forces of attraction between molecules
Hard but brittle
The texture of an ionic compound is...?
3
Tri
How many of each metal you have
What does the subscript of the metal tell you?
Nonmetals
What forms anions?
An ionic compound with more than 2 elements in it
What is a polyatomic ion?
3
Whats the max amount of electrons that an ion wants to lose? The
When an atom gains electrons and becomes NEGATIVE
When are anions formed
When an atom loses its valence electrons
When are cations formed
When an atom gains or loses an electron
When are ions formed?
