Chapter 7- Cells Definition
ribosome
A cell organelle composed of RNA and protein. They make proteins.
endoplasmic reticulum
A cell structure that forms passageways in which proteins and other materials are carried through the cell.
eukaryote
A cell that contains a nucleus and membrane bound organelles.
organ
A collection of tissues that carry out a specialized function of the body.
tissue
A group of similar cells that are organized to do a specific job.
cytoplasm
A jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are located.
nucleus
A membrane-bound organelle in the cell that contains DNA and is the control center of the brain.
cytoskeleton
A network of fibers that holds the cell together, helps the cell to keep its shape, and aids in movement.
Golgi apparatus
A system of membranes that modifies and packages proteins for export by the cell.
cell membrane
A thin, flexible barrier that surrounds the cell and regulates what enters and leaves the cell.
organelle
A tiny cell structure that carries out a specific function (job) within the cell.
prokaryote
A unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus and membrane bound organelles.
chloroplast
An organelle found in plant and algae cells where photosynthesis occurs.
cell
Basic unit of all forms of life.
mitochondria
Bean shaped, outer and inner membrane, inner membrane folded into cristae, ATP is produced here ( a high energy compound).
phospholipid bilayer
Composed of a double layer of phospholipid molecules where the head is polar and the tail is nonpolar tail.
chromosomes
DNA that is condensed and coils and wraps around proteins. They are seen during cell division.
chromatin
DNA that is spread out in a non dividing cell.
centriole
Found in animal cells and are involved in cell division
nucleolus
Found inside the nucleus. It is where ribosomes are made.
cell wall
Found outside the cell membrane in prokaryotes and plant cells.
cilia
Hairlike projections that extend from the plasma membrane and are used for movement.
flagella
Hairlike structures usually 1-3 that allow a single celled organism to move.
differentiation
Is the development of a cell from an unspecialized to a specialized state.
homeostasis
Process by which organisms maintain a relatively stable internal environment.
cell theory
The idea that all living things are composed of cells, cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things, and new cells are produced from existing cells
lysosome
The organelle that digests food particles, wastes, cell parts, and foreign invaders.
nucleoid
The region of a prokaryotic cell where the bacterial chromosome (DNA) is located.
vacoule
a organelle that stores water, food or other substances. Plant cells have a large central vacoule.
ATP
main energy source that cells use for most of their work.
