chapter 7 dynamic study module

if muscle cells in the human body consume O2 faster than it can be supplied, which of the following is most likely to result? a. all of the listed events will occur b. the muscle cells will have trouble making enough ATP to meet demands and the cells will not be able to carry out oxidative phosphorylation c. the cells will not be able to carry out oxidative phosphorylation d. the muscle cells will have trouble making enough ATP to meet demands e. the cells will consume glucose at an increased rate

a

most of the NADH that delivers electrons to the electron transport chain comes from which of the following processes? a. the citric acid cycle b. substrate-level phosphorylation c. oxidative phosphorylation d. glycolysis e. anabolic pathways

a

of the following molecules in the glycolytic pathway (the process of glycolysis), the one with the most chemical energy is a. fructose-1, 6-biphosphate b. fructose-6-phosphate c. glucose d. pyruvate e. glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate

a

where do the reactions of glycolysis occur in a eukaryotic cell? a. in the cytosol b. in the inner membrane of the mitochondrion c. in the intermembrane space of the mitochondrion d. in the matrix of the mitochondrion e. across the inner membrane of the mitochondrion

a

where do the reactions of the citric acid cycle occur in eukaryotic cells? a. the matrix of the mitochondrion b. across the inner membrane of the mitochondrion c. the inter membrane space of the mitochondrion d. the cristae of the mitochondrion e. the cytosol

a

a molecule becomes oxidized when it a. changes shape b. loses an electron c. gains a hydrogen (H+) ion d. gains an electron e. loses a hydrogen (H+) ion

b

in an experiment, mice were fed glucose (C6H12O6) containing a small amount of radioactive oxygen. the mice were closely monitored, and after a few minutes radioactive oxygen atoms showed up in a. oxygen gas b. carbon dioxide c. ATP d. NADH e. water

b

which of the following is a correct description and sequence of events in cellular respiration? a. oxidation of glucose to pyruvate; reduction of pyruvate; TCA cycle; oxidative phosphorylation b. oxidation of glucose to pyruvate; oxidation of acetyl-CoA; oxidative phosphorylation c. glycolysis; reduction of pyruvate; TCA cycle; oxidative phosphorylation d. glycolysis; reduction of pyruvate; TCA cycle; oxidative phosphorylation e. oxidation of pyruvate; TCA cycle; oxidation of glucose to pyruvate; oxidative phosphorylation

b

during the reaction C6H12O6 + 6O2 --> 6CO2 + 6H2O, which compound is reduced as a result of the reaction? a. water b. glucose c. oxygen d. both glucose and carbon dioxide e. carbon dioxide

c

in the absence of oxygen, cells need a way to regenerate which compound following glycolysis? a. glucose b. lactate c. NAD+ d. ethanol e. carbon dioxide

c

in the citric acid cycle, for each pyruvate that enters the cycle, one ATP, three NADH, and one FADH2 are produces. for each glucose molecule that enters glycolysis, how many ATP, NADH, and FADH2 are produced in the citric acid cycle? a. about 38 ATP b. four ATP, six NADH, two FADH2 c. two ATP, six NADH, two FADH2 d. three ATP, three NADH, one FADH2 e. one ATP, three NADH, one FADH2

c

of the metabolic pathways listed below, which is the most universal metabolic process associated with cellular respiration? a. the electron transport chain b. fermentation c. glycolysis d. chemiosmosis e. the citric acid cycle

c

which of the following best describes the electron transport chain of cellular respiration? a. glucose is broken down to a three-carbon compound in preparation for the citric acid cycle b. hydrogen atoms are added to CO2 to make an energy-rich compound c. electrons are passed from one carrier to another, releasing a little energy at each step d. electrons are pumped across a membrane by active transport e. acetyl CoA is fully oxidized to CO2

c

why is the citric acid cycle called a cycle? a. all of the carbon from glucose is cycled back into the atmosphere as carbon dioxide b. the acetyl CoA that enters the cycle is regenerated in the last step of the pathway c. the four-carbon acid that accepts the acetyl CoA in the first step of the cycle is regenerated by the last step of the pathway d. citric acid is cycles through the electron transport chain e. NAD+ and FAD are recycled

c

how many molecules of ATP are gained by substrate-level phosphorylation from the complete breakdown of a single molecule of glucose in the presence of oxygen? a. three b. about 16 ATP c. two d. four e. about 32 ATP

d

molecular oxygen (O2) has what role in aerobic cellular respiration? a. it oxidizes pyruvate at the end of glycolysis b. it removes a carbon only from pyruvate, producing CO2 c. it is necessary in the regeneration of citric acid in the citric acid cycle d. it is the final electron acceptor at the end of the electron transport chain e. it is the source of oxygen in all of the Co2 molecules produced during cellular respiration

d

the electron transport chain involved in cellular respiration is located in/on the a. matrix of the mitochondrion b. intermembrane space of the mitochondrion c. cytosol d. inner membrane of the mitochondrion e. none of the listed responses is correct

d

the immediate energy source that drives ATP synthesis by ATP synthase during oxidative phosphorylation is the a. flow of electrons down the electron transport chain b. oxidation of glucose and other organic compounds c. transfer of phosphate to ADP d. H+ concentration across the membrane holding ATP synthase e. affinity of oxygen for electrons

d

after completion of the citric acid cycle, most of the usable energy from the original glucose molecule is in the form of a. ATP b. CO2 c. acetyl CoA d. FADH2 e. NADH

e

in the overall process of glycolysis and cellular respiration, _____ is oxidized and _____ is reduced. a. carbon dioxide; water b. oxygen; ATP c. glucose; ATP d. ATP; oxygen e. glucose; oxygen

e

most of the ATP produced in aerobic cellular respiration comes from which of the following processes? a. the citric acid cycle b. substrate-level phosphorylation c. glycolysis d. reduction of NAD+ e. oxidative phosphorylation

e

the overall efficiency of respiration (the percentage of the energy released that is saved in ATP) is approximately a. 94% b. 0.5% c. 100% d. 2% e. 34%

e

when a poison such as cyanide blocks the electron transport chain, glycolysis and the citric acid cycle also eventually stop working. which of the following is the best explanation for this? a. a high level of NADH is present in the cell b. the uptake of oxygen stops because electron transport was inhibited c. electrons are no longer available from the electron transport chain to power glycolysis and the citric acid cycle d. they run out of ADP e. NAD+ and FAD are not available for glycolysis and the citric acid cycle to continue

e

which of the following substances is/are involved in oxidative phosphorylation? a. ADP b. none of the listed substances is involved in oxidative phosphorylation c. ATP d. oxygen e. all of the listed substances are involved in oxidative phosphorylation

e

which process is the one in which glucose is oxidized to generate two molecules of pyruvate and in which ATP and NADH are produced? a. the citric acid cycle b. the oxidation of pyruvate c. chemiosmosis d. fermentation e. none of the listed responses is correct

e