Chapter 7: Human Body Systems

Which system helps the body detect and respond to information from the environment?

the nervous system

neuron

basic unit of the nervous system

hormone

A chemical signal sent to the organs of the body

Define menstrual cycle

A cycle of the female reproductive system. in this cycle, eggs are released from ovaries, enters the uterus, and if they are unfertilized, they will break down and leave the body about every 28 days.

What is the purpose of the circulatory system?

It transports materials throughout the body.

Explain how the body protects itself from pathogens that have previously invaded it.

Lymphocytes are white blood cells that detect bacteria, viruses, and other invaders. They attack and engulf the invaders and remove them from the body. if the same invaders infect the body again, the immune system produces antibodies that recognize it and quickly move to fight the infection.

Describe the three functions of the lymphatic system

The lymphatic system helps the body maintain homeostasis by removing excess fluid from around organs. it produces the white blood cells that protect the body from harmful invaders. it also helps the body absorb and transport fats.

homeostasis

The maintenance of stable internal conditions

What is the purpose of the excretory system?

The purpose of the excretory system is the elimination of wastes from the body.

reflex

an automatic movement in response to a stimulus

The central nervous system is composed of the spinal cord and the...

brain

fertilization

occurs when a sperm cell unites with an egg cell

puberty

period of time during which the reproductive system develops

Which part of the blood carries nutrients?

plasma

What are gametes?

sperm and egg

Summarize the functions of the muscular and skeletal systems.

the skeletal system protects major organs, provides support for the body, helps the body move, and stores some minerals. the muscular system works with the skeletal system to help the body move. The heart, which is a muscle, pumps blood throughout the body.

What are the five senses?

vision, hearing, smell, taste, touch

Which event happens during infancy?

walking begins