chapter 7 part 2 biology

All prokaryotes are in the domain

Prokaryotes are in different domains.

The domain Eukarya is divided into kingdoms. Which of these kingdoms includes members that are highly diverse and do not fit neatly into a single classification scheme?

Protists

A requirement of cladistics is that a grouping must include

a common ancestor and all its descendants

The evolution of populations due to chance is

genetic drift

Which classification grouping includes the greatest number of species?

Domain

Which grouping includes all of the protists?

Domain Eukarya

If color is an inherited trait in beetles, and birds are more likely to eat brown beetles than green beetles

the frequency of the green allele will increase

In many ways, a mule is a superior animal to the horse or donkey. Mules are often stronger and can jump higher than either of their parents. Why, then, are mules considered to be a "weak hybrid"?

they are sterile

Due to differences in mating times, two sub-populations of frogs form into separate species, even though they occupy the same pond. This overall process is known as

sympatric speciation

What is an exception to the standard biological species concept used to define a species?

Asexual species cannot be distinguished using this concept.

What events can lead to offspring having a unique arrangement of their parents' genes?

Both crossing over and independent assortment

What term describes the failure of one species' sperm to fertilize the egg of a different species?

Gametic incompatibility

Color is an inherited trait in beetles. If brown beetles move into a population from a nearby island, which of the following statements is correct?

Gene flow causes the frequency of the brown allele to increase.

Habitat loss has driven the population of the Florida panther (Puma concolor cougar) to extremely low numbers. Which mechanism of microevolution is likely at play in this species?

Genetic drift: the bottleneck effect

Remember that color is an inherited trait in beetles. Which of the following is an example of natural selection?

Green beetles leave more offspring than brown beetles because they are better at finding food.

Which of the following most often leads to allopatric speciation?

Habitat isolation

What does fitness mean when speaking in terms of evolution?

How many offspring an individual produces

Which process of evolution does not change the total number of species?

Nonbranching evolution

What field of science has as its goal to classify all living things into a hierarchical system of relatedness that runs from most broad to most narrow?

Taxonomy

Which of the following are examples of macroevolution?

The creation of new species The evolution of novel biological features Mass extinctions that wipe 50% or more of living species All of the above are examples of macroevolution

Which model of evolution is closest to what was originally suggested by Charles Darwin?

The graduated model matches best the reasoning of Charles Darwin.

Which of the following statement is correct regarding the phylogenetic tree above?

The polar bear and the brown bear are the most recently evolved species.

Despite an abundance of habitat, why will it be difficult for the human species to recover?

The reduced genetic diversity will make it difficult for the population to adapt to new diseases or other environmental changes.

The eastern meadowlark and the western meadowlark are two bird species that look very similar to each other. Why do biologists not consider them the same species?

The two species experience the reproductive barrier of habitat isolation. Species are not determined by appearance but by their ability to interbreed naturally. The two species do not live in the same habitat and thus do not interbreed in nature. All of the above are correct.

Female fireflies choose mates based on the specific flash pattern displayed by males flying nearby. This is an example of

behavioral isolation

Certain traits will have been lost from the gene pool forever. This loss of diversity in a reduced population is called

bottleneck effect

Of those listed below, which category of classification is the most narrow?

genus

In a population with brown and green alleles for color, genetic drift

has more effect on the evolution of a small population.

The rapid diversification of species seen in the fossil record followed by long periods of stasis is part of the ________ model of evolution.

punctuated equilibrium