Chapter 7
Select all the quantities of acrylics or polymer paints that make them a desirable medium for artist
-they can be used on a variety of support such as prepared or raw canvas, paper, and fabric -they can be layered into heavy impasto or diluted with water and spread and translucent washes -they can mimic the effects of oil, paint, watercolor, gouache and tempera
Which qualities characterize the tempera medium
-uses an emulsion as its vehicle such as milk casein or egg yolk -Retains brilliance and clarity of colors for centuries -an aqueous medium uses water as a vehicle
Identify the ways in which gouache differs from watercolor
-when applied generously gouache dry, uniformly, and areas of flat saturated color -Gouache contains inert white pigment
Artist Jacob, Lawrence favorite, the use of __________ paint, because he was drawn to the " Sharp raw rough" effect of the colors when applied sparingly to simplified forms
Tempera
With fresco, pigments are mixed with water and applied to a ______ support.
plaster
What is gouache?
watercolor with inert white pigment added
In tapestry weaving, the _________ threads are not dyed, and the ___________ threads are the weavers palette of colors
Warp,wreft
Identify the manners in which Georgia O'Keeffe's white shell with red exemplifies, the pastel medium
-The colors are intense and saturated -The colors are seamlessly blended -The pale pink blocks of color along the lower horizontal edge appear to happen, thinned with water
Which effect was Winslow Homer able to achieve by laying washes of color, without waiting for previous applications to dry in Key West hauling anchor
-The impression that the paint is still wet
What happens when Acrylic paint dries
-The resin particles coalesce to form a tough flexible and waterproof film
Which qualities best describe oil paint?
-It can be applied in a range of consistencies. -Applications of oil paint can easily be scraped away for revisions or effects
Which characteristics accurately describe the pastel medium
-It's a dry medium -Pastel colors can be seamlessly blended -Once pastel is drawn on a wet brush, can be applied to create a wash of color
How does an artist blend colors when using oil paint
-One color is added into another color that is not yet dry
Mosaic is made of small closely space, pebbles, or pieces of colored marble and glass called
-Tesserae
When tempera is painted on a wood panel how is gesso used?
To treat and seal the wood surface
When tempera is painted on a wood panel, how it gesso used
To treat and seal the wood surface
The word encaustic comes from the Greek word for
" burning in"
Select all the advantages of canvas as a support as opposed to wood panels
-As patrons, increasingly favored, larger and larger, compositions canvases, could be stretched to an almost unlimited size -Canvases could be rolled up for a compact and safe shipment to distant patrons
Which circumstance brought about the development of acrylic paint
-Enormous developments in chemistry during the first half of the 20th century
Which of the following are some disadvantages of the fresco medium?
-Fresco requires meticulous planning, and is physically demanding -The plaster on the painted surface can only be painted when it has the proper degree of dampest or is completely dry -only way an artist can make revisions to a painted surface is to let the plaster dry chip it away and start again
Watercolor consist of pigment, and a vehicle of water, and ___________, a sticky plant substance that acts as the binder
-Gum, Arabic
Which are common examples of emotion that can be used in tempera paint
-Milk -egg yolk
What is a cartoon as it pertains to the fresco medium?
A full-size drawing that serves as a guide to the artist
An ingredient that adheres the paint to a surface is called the:
Binder
Which painting technique entails the mixing of pigment with water to be applied to wet plaster
Buon fresco
A liquid that holds the particles of pigments together without dissolving them is called the
Medium
Which of the following usually provides areas of white and a watercolor painting
Paper
Like ink, which can be drawn with a pin or painted with a brush _________ is a medium that exist somewhere between drawing and painting
Pastel
What happens when water is added to pastels
The colors thin, and can be treated like paint
Which characteristic do all oils used in oil paint have in common?
They dry relatively quickly
What is the purpose of heating and encaustic paint prior to its application to a support
To allow the paint to be brushed easily
What is the leading characteristic of watercolor paint?
Transparency
Identify all the manners in which Jan Van Eycks Arnolfini Double Portrait exemplifies the qualities of oil painting
-The visible alteration to the mirrors frame, known by the Italian word pentimento, indicates that Van eyck changed his mind as he painted -minute details often achieved with one or two haired brushes capture the textures are various feature such as Giovanni Di Nicolao Arnolfinis Ferline coat, or the smoothness of a string of beads -light enters the room from the window and reflects off the brass chandelier and mirror demonstrating the luminous effect created by glazes
Which of the following are some advantages of acrylic paints?
-They can mimic the effects of oil paint, watercolor, gouache and tempera -They can be layered into a heavy impost or diluted with water and spread and translucent washes -they can be used on a variety of sports, such as prepared or raw canvas, paper and fabric
Why do artist using acrylics rest, their paint brushes and water while working?
-To prevent paint from drying on the brush which can be difficult to remove
Which procedures are characteristic of the tapestry weaving technique?
-Warp threads are held taut, usually by a loom -Weft threads are passed through the warp threads in a localized manner to build up color
How did Georgia O'Keefe achieve the smooth, drawing strokes, and seamlessly, blended pastel colors and white shell with red?
-With a brush and her fingers
All the fundamental components of paint
-binder -Pigment -Medium
All the manners in which Girolamo dai Libris manuscript illumination with the holy woman at Christ tomb, exemplifies tempera painting
-brilliant saturated layers -Layers of small precise brush strokes to create form
Historically, oil paint have been mixed with an array of oil, depending on their individual properties which factors must commercial manufactures take into account when selecting the proper oils to mix with the pigments
-dark pigments are often ground with linseed oil which has a tendency to yellow overtime -Lighter pigments are often ground with poppyseed or safflower oil, which do not yellow overtime
Pastel is a ________ medium that is _________ onto a surface
-dry -drawn
Which quality of mosaic makes it a medium well suited for decorating architectural surfaces. Such as wall ceilings and floors.
-given its composition of Tesserae and a binder mosaic is a sturdy medium that can withstand the elements
Which of the following are some advantages of the gouache medium
-gouache can be applied in a translucent wash -gouache is well suited for achieving large areas of flat saturated color -gouache dries quickly and uniformly
Which qualities characterize the tempera medium
-is an Aqueous medium uses water as a vehicle -Retains brilliance and clarity of colors for centuries -uses an emotion as its vehicle, such as milk casein or egg yolk
Which of the following are some advantages of the fresco medium?
-it is a highly durable painting technique -It can be used to paint large scale, architectural surfaces, such as walls or ceilings
Which best describes the characteristics of watercolor scene in Winslow, Homers Key West, hauling anchor
-layers of translucent washes of color and loose open brush strokes
Which method does an artist employ to fuse the colors of encaustic paint?
-passing a heat source over the surface of the painting
Which characteristics accurately describe the pastel medium
-pastel colors can be seamlessly blended -It is a dry medium -once pastel is drawn on a wet brush, can be applied to create a wash of color
Identify the manners in which Jay defeos origin exemplifies the impasto technique
-rather than applying paint with a brush defeo scooped up oil paint, and layered it on the canvas with a metal knife -defeos deliberate development of thick layers of paint protruded from the surface of the canvas, casting shadows across the work surface
All the substances that are bound with pigment to achieve the encaustic technique
-resin -Wax
Which of the following are some disadvantages of the tempera medium?
-tempera color do not keep, so artists must only produce enough paint for a single days work -tempera dries very quickly, which prevents colors from bleeding easily once they are applied to a support