Chapter 7:8 Circulatory System

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parts of the conductive pathway for electrical impulses

(SA) node, pathways on the atria, atrioventricular (AV) node, bundle of HIS, right & left bundle branches, purkinje fibers

athero sclerosis

a fatty deposit on the walls of arteries

what is arrhythmia? how is it diagnosed?

abnormal heart rhythm; cardiac monitors & electrocardiogram

largest artery in the body

aorta

what happens in the heart during diastole?

aortic valve is closed

blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart

arteries

most muscular & elastic blood vessels

arteries

smallest branch of the arteries

arterioles

myocardial infarction

blockage in the coronary arteries of the heart

thrombocyte

blood cell required for the clotting process

erythrocyte

blood cell that carries oxygen and carbon dioxide

6 substances that are dissolved or suspended in plasma

blood proteins, nutrients, mineral salts, gases, hormones

leukocyte

blood that helps fight infection

artery

blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart

vein

blood vessel that carries blood back to the heart

capillary

blood vessel that connects arteriolar with venules

diastole

brief period of rest in the heart

blood vessels that connect arterioles with venules

capillaries

vessels that allow oxygen and nutrients to pass through to cells

capillaries

what is hemoglobin?

complex protein found on the red blood cell; its function is to carry oxygen & carbon dioxide

hemoglobin

complex protein on red blood cells

eosinophils

defend the body from allergic reactions

varicose veins

dilated swollen veins

hemophilia

disease characterized by failure of the blood to clot

pericardium

double-layered membrane on the outside of be heart

plasma

fluid portion of blood

embolus

foreign substance circulating in the blood stream

what gives blood its characteristic red color

hemoglobin & the amount of oxygen present

hypertension

high blood pressure

anemias

inadequate number of red blood cells, hemoglobin or both

thrombophlebitis

inflammation of the veins with formation of a clot

ventricle

lower chamber of the heart

leukema

malignant disease with large numbers of immature white blood cells

myocardium

muscular middle layer of the heart

septum

muscular wall that separates the heart into a right and left side

phagocytize bacteria

neutrophils and/or monocytes

6 substances transported by the blood

oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, waste products, hormones

systole

period of ventricular contraction in the heart

basophilis

produce histamine and heparin

lymphocytes

provide immunity for the body by developing antibodies

what happens in the heart during systole?

right ventricle pushes blood in pulmonary artery so blood goes to the lungs, left ventricle pushes blood into the aorta so blood gets to all parts of the body

aneurysm

saclike formation in the all of an artery

endocardium

smooth layer of cells lining the inside of the heart

two largest veins in the body

superior and inferior vena cava

blood

tissue that flows through the circulatory system

atrium

upper chamber of the heart

mitral valve

valve between the left atrium and left ventricle

aortic valve

valve between the left ventricle and aorta

pulmonary valve

valve between the right ventricle and pulmonary artery

blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart

veins

vessels that contain valves to prevent back flow of blood

veins

smallest branch of veins

venules


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