CHAPTER 8- ARTICULATIONS

• Protraction-

Pushing jaw/shoulders PUSH forward. Moving it anteriorly( for shoulder scupla is move more anteriorally /puching someone )

Joints of the wrist Radial collateral ligament-

Styloid process of radius to scaphoid and trapezium

Joints of the wrist • Ulnar collateral ligament-

Styloid process of ulna to triquetrum and pisiform bones

• Temporomandibular-

a modified-hinge type of synovial joint made up of the condylar process of the mandible and the mandibular fossa of the temporal bone

condylar (ellipsoid) joint-

an oval-shaped condyle of one bone fits into an elliptical cavity of another bone

Hip and shoulder joint- ball and socket • Shoulder-

between head of humerus and glenoid fossa/cavity of the scapula

Hip and shoulder joint- ball and socket Hip-

between the femoral head and the acetabulum of the pelvis

Retraction-

bringing jaw/shoulders(push backwards) back into normal position(after punching someone). Moving it posteriorly • special movements of the vertebral column, and jaw, and shoulder

• Wrist-

condylar/ellipsoidal joint

hinge-

convex articular surface of one bone fits into a concave articular surface of another bone(movement: angular motion)

Flexion is defined as movement that:

decreases the angle between articulating elements

Depression-

familiar for movements in pec girdle.pushing shoulders down(scapula is move inferiorally) / Also apply to jaw. Pushing jaw inferiorly or opening mouth.

Lateral rotation-

for limbs. Arm moving out. Joint being affected in shoulder joint. Lower limb moving out, hip joint. ex . rotating foot outward( raise hand inferior broader or bottom of the scapula rotates laterally)

Medial rotation-

for limbs. Either shoulder or hip joint. Arm moving back towards the body. ex. rotating feet inward (after raising hand and puting it back to anatomical potion the inferior broader or bottom of the scapula rotates medially)

Types (based on range of motion have Fibrous or Cartilaginous): Diarthrosis(synovial)—

freely movable (synovial joints) ex. Joints of limbs

linear motion -

gliding

The most common type of cartilage in the body is what? It is present, for example, in articular cartilage:

hyaline

Types (based on range of motion): Synarthrosis—

immovable ex. Cranial sutures & epiphyseal cartilage

• Supination-

just for forearm. In anatomical position. Radius is lateral • Radioulnar joints being affected • In transverse plane ex.(hand is up/holdng soup )

• Pronation-

just for forearm. When radius rotates (medial) about the ulna. Out of anatomical ex.(hand is down)

synovial fluid functions-

lubrication, nourishment for chondrocytes, shock absorption

monoaxial -

movement in one plane/ hinge (elbow, knee and ankle)/ pivot (atlas and axis)

triaxial -

movement in three plane ball and socket (shoulder and hip)

biaxial -

movement in two plane/ condylar (wrist)/saddle (thumb) •ex: joints b/w metacarpals and phalanges

Right and left rotation-

nodding head no

The synovial joint between the atlas and axis is a:

pivot joint

The six types of synovial joints are the

pivot, hinge, saddle, plane, condyloid, and ball-and-socket joints.

The amphiarthrotic articulation that limits movements between the two pubic bones is the:

pubic symphysis

• Elevation-

pushing the jaw back into anatomical position, mouth closed, teeth close together /bring shoulder up(scapula is move anteriorally ) • special movements of the vertebral column, and jaw, and shoulder

Types (based on range of motion): Amphiarthrosis—

slightly movable ex. Radius/ulna shafts & pubic symphysis

Which of the following describes a hinge joint correctly?

the convex articular surface of one bone fits into a concave articular surface of another bone