Chapter 8: Intelligence

Who presented the general theory of intelligence?

Charles Spearman

Sam's computer crashed. She used the same method that she used the multiple times before, except this time it didn't work. Sam's failure to solve this problem is due to what?

a mental set

A blueprint is technically a ______ representation of a house.

analogical

Jack pictures a lemon in his head, and his mouth starts to water. This picture is an example of a ________ representation

analogical

The Triarchic theory of intelligence was proposed by Robert Sternberg. What are these intelligences ?

analytical, creative and practical

According to Sternberg's theory of multiple intelligences, Vicky, who is an accomplished theoretical physicist, would likely score high in ______, while George who is a successful politician, would likely score high in _____.

analytical; practical

The SAT is a _____test, where the ACT is a ______

aptitude; achievement

When marlow goes on walks, she can name all kinds of trees and birds. Marlow most likely has ______ intelligence

crystallized

The process of selecting the best option out of many is called.....

decision making

A pet could be a dog, cat, rabbit, pig, snake, spider or even a goat. Categorizing the concept in this way is an example of an ______ model

exemplar

Oranges and apples are __________ for the category of __________.

exemplars; fruit

Kevin scored high an IQ test. This means she has _____ reaction times, ______memory and a larger ______

fast; good; brain

using duct tape instead of a patch to temporarily fix the whole in your pool is an example of overcoming __________

functional fixedness

Whether together or apart ________ score much more similarly than any other siblings

identical twins

Dean told his brother that the waitress flirted with him at the restaurant. Sam, remembering that the waitress never flirted with anyone, determined that Dean was wrong. Sam used ______ to determine of Dean's message was valid

informal reasoning

What is an availability heuristic?

making a hasty decisions without gathering all the information

What is the framing heuristic?

making decisions based on how a choice is described.

What is the representativeness heuristic?

making decisions based on poorly informed stereotyping of people

When you accidentally push a door that says pull, you are failing to overcome a _______

mental set

Dean is trying to explain a 'muscle car' to his brother Sam. He says that best example of a 'muscle car' is his Impala. Dean explained this concept using the

prototype model

If Cole's WAIS test is ______, he will score around the same the second time.

reliable

Laura thought she had appendicitis. She went into the doctor, only to find it was bad case of gase. Laura's error was based on the prototype of the symptom. WHat kind of heuristic did Laura rely on?

representativness

When trying to overcome a math problem, russell draws it as a picture, and then he uses the graphic information to solve it. What did he use to solve this problem?

restructuring

Pompom has an IQ of 50, but can create wonderful art, which has been featured in many magazines. Pompom is most likely a....

savant

Sam's taking a test. He's asked to press a button if he sees a blue light. If he sees a red light, he's asked to leave it alone. They are measuring his_______.

simple reaction time

Kathy believes that all handsome men are stuck up, so she refuses to sit by the cute guy in class. This thinking reflects Kathy's belief in a negative ________.

stereotype

Arthur takes a test that he believes men score low on. John, who holds no such beliefs, takes the same test. Because of Arthur's belief, he will most likely score lower due to _____

stereotype threat

Breaking down a problem into smaller, manageable parts is called.....

subgoals

a mental map is a combination of _______ and ________ representations

symbolic; analogical

a word is a ______ representation, while a picture in someone's mind is a ______ representation.

symbolic; analogical

Hank couldn't stop talking about the time he got sick over chinese food. He talked about it for weeks around Connor. Now, Connor can't touch chinese food. It appears Connor has fallen prey to the bias in decision making called

the availability heuristic

Julie doesn't know what a clunker is. Her friend, Bob, points to a junky-old car and says "thats a clunker". Bob is describing a clunker in the terms of....

the prototype model

Lizzy says that soccer is the most typical sport to play. Matthew says football. They are discussing how to organize concepts according to ______

the prototype model