Chapter 9

A responsibility assignment matrix (RAM) is a matrix that maps the work of the project as described in the OBS to the people responsible for performing the work as described in the WBS.

False

Assignment, budget, promotion, money, and penalty influence bases are automatically available to project managers as part of their position.

False

Maslow suggests that each level of the hierarchy of needs is not necessarily a prerequisite for the levels above.

False

Project managers should always reward people who work overtime.

False

A staffing management plan describes when and how people will be added to and taken off the project team.

True

In the Tuckman model, storming occurs when team members have different opinions for how the team should operate

True

Maslow's hierarchy of needs states that people's behaviors are guided or motivated by a sequence of needs.

True

According to McClelland's acquired-needs theory, what do people who want to direct others, and can be seen as bossy, have a need for? a. affiliation b. advancement c. power d. achievement

c. power

Which type of power involves using incentives to induce people to do things? a. legitimate b. coercive c. reward d. referent

c. reward

What term is used for the relation of harmony, conformity, accord, or affinity? a. empathy b. democracy c. mirroring d. rapport

d. rapport

Who is best known for distinguishing between motivational factors and hygiene factors when considering motivation in work settings? a. Frederick Herzberg b. David McClelland c. Abraham Maslow d. Douglas McGregor

a. Frederick Herzberg

According to McClelland's acquired-needs theory, what do people who desire harmonious relationships with other people and need to feel accepted by others have a high need for? a. affiliation b. self-actualization c. power d. achievement

a. affiliation

According to Herzberg, which is a motivational factor? a. recognition b. salary c. training d. health benefits

a. recognition

Which term refers to the amount of individual resources an existing schedule requires during specific time periods? a. resource loading b. resource leveling c. resource histogram d. resource logs

a. resource loading

What is at the top of Maslow's hierarchy of needs? a. esteem b. self-actualization c. physiological d. social

b. self-actualization

Which test presents subjects with a series of ambiguous pictures and asks them to develop a spontaneous story for each picture, assuming they will project their own needs into the story? a. RAM b. MBTI c. TAT d. RACI

c. TAT

Psychologist David Merril describes which behavioral profile as reactive and task-oriented? a. expressives b. drivers c. analyticals d. amiables

c. analyticals

The main outputs of which process are team performance assessments, change requests, and updates to several documents? a. managing the project team b. acquiring the project team c. developing the project team d. human resource planning

c. developing the project team

What needs are at the bottom of Maslow's structure? a. esteem b. self-actualization c. physiological d. social

c. physiological

Who is best known for developing Theory X and Theory Y? a. Frederick Herzberg b. David McClelland c. Abraham Maslow d. Douglas McGregor

d. Douglas McGregor

According to Blake and Mouton, project managers who use which method employ a give-and take-approach to resolving conflicts? a. smoothing b. forcing c. confrontation d. compromise

d. compromise

Which concept refers to matching certain behaviors of the other person? a. empathic listening b. rapport c. synergy d. mirroring

d. mirroring

What need is at the highest level in Maslow's structure? a. deficiency b. growth c. safety d. physiological

b. growth

In the MBTI, which dimension relates to the manner in which you gather information? a. Extrovert/Introvert b. Thinking/Feeling c. Judgment/Perception d. Sensation/Intuition

d. Sensation/Intuition

What theory emphasizes factors such as job rotation, broadening of skills, generalization versus specialization, and the need for continuous training of workers? a. Theory W b. Theory X c. Theory Y d. Theory Z

d. Theory Z

According to Herzberg, hygiene factors such as larger salaries, more supervision, or a more attractive work environment would motivate workers to do more if present.

False

Project managers must try to avoid conflict at all costs as all conflict within groups is bad.

False

The forcing mode is one in which the project manager deemphasizes or avoids areas of differences and emphasizes areas of agreement.

False

Resource leveling results in fewer problems for project personnel and accounting departments.

True

According to Thamhain and Wilemon, what is the legitimate hierarchical right to issue orders? a. authority b. achievement c. expertise d. self-actualization

a. authority

Recognizing an employee as the "Star Performer of the Month" would be satisfying which need in Maslow's hierarchy? a. esteem b. self-actualization c. physiological d. safety

a. esteem

In the Tuckman model, what occurs when the emphasis is on reaching the team goals, rather than working on team process? a. performing b. norming c. forming d. storming

a. performing

Which type of power involves using punishment, threats, or other negative approaches to get people to do things they do not want to do? a. legitimate b. coercive c. reward d. referent

b. coercive

What are the bottom four needs in Maslow's structure are referred to as? a. self-actualization b. deficiency c. safety d. growth

b. deficiency

Which tool is a column chart that shows the number of resources assigned to a project over time? a. responsibility assignment matrix b. resource histogram c. RACI charts d. organizational breakdown structure

b. resource histogram

Which technique is used for resolving resource conflicts by delaying tasks? a. resource loading b. resource leveling c. resource allocation d. resource histogram

b. resource leveling

According to Covey, project managers must use a win/lose approach in making decisions.

False

In the Social Styles Profile team building activity, drivers are reactive and people-oriented

False

Legitimate power involves using personal knowledge and expertise to get people to change their behavior.

False

Managers who follow which theory assume that the average worker wants to be directed and prefers to avoid responsibility? a. Theory Z b. Theory X c. Theory Y d. Theory K

b. Theory X

A RAM is used only to assign detailed work activities.

False

Extrinsic motivation causes people to participate in an activity for their own enjoyment.

False

Managers who believe in Theory Y assume that workers dislike and avoid work if possible, so managers must use coercion, threats, and various control schemes to get workers to make adequate efforts to meet objectives.

False

People who need institutional power or social power want to organize others to further the goals of the organization.

True

Thamhain and Wilemon found that when project managers used work challenge and expertise to influence people, projects were more likely to succeed.

True

The first dimension of psychological type in the MBTI signifies whether people draw their energy from other people (extroverts) or from inside themselves (introverts).

True

Which highly respected psychologist, rejected the dehumanizing negativism of psychology and proposed the hierarchy of needs theory? a. Sigmund Freud b. Abraham Maslow c. Carl Jung d. Philip Zimbardo

b. Abraham Maslow

Which process involves building individual and group skills to enhance project performance? a. developing the human resource plan b. developing the project team c. acquiring the project team d. managing the project team

b. developing the project team

What term is used for taking time to renew oneself physically, spiritually, mentally and socially? a. empathic mirroring b. sharpening the saw c. synergizing d. thinking win/win

b. sharpening the saw

What is the first step in the framework for defining and assigning work? a. defining how the work will be accomplished b. breaking down the work into manageable elements c. finalizing the project requirements d. assigning work responsibilities

c. finalizing the project requirements

Which type of intelligence involves the capacity to understand the motivations, intentions and desires of others? a. emotional b. intrapersonal c. interpersonal d. human

c. interpersonal

What do people who seek to excel and tend to avoid both low-risk and high-risk situations to improve their chances for achieving something worthwhile have a high need for? a. affiliation b. security c. power d. achievement

d. achievement

Which process involves tracking team member performance, motivating team members, providing timely feedback, resolving issues and conflicts, and coordinating changes to help enhance project performance? a. developing the human resource plan b. developing the project team c. acquiring the project team d. managing the project team

d. managing the project team

According to Thamhain and Wilemon, what is the ability to improve a worker's position? a. penalty b. assignment c. expertise d. promotion

d. promotion

Which type of power is based on an individual's personal charisma? a. legitimate b. coercive c. reward d. referent

d. referent

In the Tuckman model, what occurs as team members have different opinions as to how the team should operate? a. performing b. norming c. forming d. storming

d. storming

According to Lencioni, which quality is present in organizations that succeed? a. commitment b. autonomy c. accountability d. teamwork

d. teamwork