Chapter 9 CONNECT Practice Qs

The production of hydrochloric acid in the stomach requires the mineral

chloride

Which of the following are functions of zinc?

-DNA synthesis -Cofactor for hundreds of enzymes

Select all the dietary changes a person could make to increase iron absorption.

-Drink a glass of orange juice when taking an iron supplement -Consume nonheme sources of iron in combination with heme sources of iron.

Which of the following minerals are trace minerals?

-Manganese -Iron -Copper

Which of the following are functions of calcium?

-Muscle function -Blood clotting -Bone building

Which of the following are vegetarian sources of iron?

-Mushrooms -Kidney beans -Whole grain Total cereal

What are the main sources of sodium in typical American diets?

-Processed foods -Preparation of foods in restaurants

Which of the following are possible outcomes associated with dehydration?

-Rapid weight loss -Increased fatigue -Increased thirst

Which of the following are major minerals?

-Sodium -Calcium -Potassium

Which of the following are good plant sources of iron?

-Whole-grain Total cereal -Pumpkin seeds -Baked beans

Possible causes of hypertension include

-advanced age -sodium intake -obesity

Recall that selenium has numerous functions, including

-antioxidant activity -immune system function -thyroid hormone metabolism

Signs and symptoms of hypercalcemia include

-bone pain -kidney stones -muscle weakness

Which of the following minerals participate in nerve transmission?

-calcium -sodium -potassium

In the body, copper is involved in

-collagen production -iron metabolism -immune function

Which of the following are roles of water as a solvent

-diluting solution -dissolving glucose

Signs and symptoms of iron deficient anemia include

-fatigue -irritability -pale skin

The DASH diet used to help lower blood pressure is

-low in sodium -low in cholesterol -high in fruits -high in vegetables

Roles for chloride in the body include

-maintaining acid base balance -maintaining fluid balance -nerve transmission

The AI of 1500 mg/day for sodium does not apply to the following:

-marathon runners -people who work in extremely hot conditions

When iodide is lacking in the diet during pregnancy, the infant can be born with

-mental retardation -growth retardation

Rank where water is lost in the body in order from the greatest source of loss to the least.

1. Urine 2. Insensible perspiration and sweat 3. Expired air 4. Feces

The Adequate Intake (AI) for ____ cups of water per day for young women.

11 (adult men require 15.5 cups of total water)

How many chemical reactions occur within the body by magnesium?

300

The adult RDA range for zinc is from _ to _ mg/day.

8, 11

Which of the following is the best source of magnesium?

Beans

Which of the following is NOT a function of water within the body?

Bodily fluids serve as the basis for storage of fat-soluble vitamins in the body.

If a female is pregnant and does not have enough iodine in her diet, what is the possible outcome for the fetus?

Cretinism

Which of the following is not a factor that may limit calcium absorption?

Dietary glucose

Dietary products, such as milk and cheese, provide about 25% of the calcium in North American diets.

False

True or False: Consuming vitamin D with meals that contain iron is the best way to increase your absorption of iron.

False

What is the main function of potassium?

Fluid balance

Which of the following is a role of sodium in the human body?

Fluid balance

Select the food source that has the least amount of selenium per serving.

Mushrooms, 1/2 cup

The passage of water through a selectively permeable membrane from a less concentrated region to a more concentrated region is called

Osmosis

Through what process does the body use water to regulate body temperature?

Perspiration

The consumption of a diet high in which mineral is associated with an increased risk of hypertension?

Sodium

What gland loses iodine?

Thyroid gland

True or False: Having a goiter while pregnant may lead to stunted growth and mental retardation in infants.

True

True or False: If a person is severely dehydrated, a coma may result.

True

Skeletal flourosis which results from excessive flouride consumption causes

bone pain

Because molybdenum is needed for the function of several enzymes, molybdenum is considered to be a _______.

cofactor

Substance that increases urine output is called a

diuretic

Manganese is a component and activator of many ____.

enzymes

The consumption of excess flouride over a long time period can result in

flourosis

When the thyroid gland enlarges to absorb more iodide, this enlargement is termed a

goiter

The form of iron present in hemoglobin and myoglobin is called _____ _____.

heme iron

The protein in red blood cells that transports oxygen to tissues and contains iron is

hemoglobin

The genetic disease which causes people to absorb too much iron, resulting in iron overload is called ______ ______.

hereditary hemochromatosis

The mineral that is a component of the oxygen transporting proteins hemoglobin and myoglobin is ___.

iron

Zinc _____ widespread in the food chain.

is

Magnesium toxicity most likely arises from consuming excess

laxatives

The protein in muscle cells that controls oxygen uptake from red blood cells and contains iron is

myoglobin

Iron found in vegetables, grains, and supplements is ______ iron.

nonheme

The mineral that is a component of the amino acids, cysteine and methionine is ____.

sulfer

When you have your blood pressure determined, the first of the two readings is called the ______ pressure.

systolic

The primary regulator of fluid intake is

thirst

When an excessive amount of water is consumed in a short time the condition that can develop is called ____ ____.

water intoxication

The development of the sense of taste and smell requires the mineral ___.

zinc