Chapter 9 Development

A(an) ________ begins as a one-cell structure that is created when a sperm and egg merge.

Zygote

Crawling, walking, writing, dressing, naming colors, speaking in sentences, and starting puberty are all examples of ________.

developmental milestones

What does the normative approach ask regarding the lifespan?

What is normal development?

The continuous development approach views development as a ______>

Cumulative process

Children whose parents have an authoritarian parenting style can be _____.

anxious, withdrawn, and unhappy

Marcy is 15 months old, and her father is insensitive and inattentive her needs. Marcy reacts to him the same way she reacts to a stranger-- she doesn't seem to care if leaves the room and when he returns she is slow to notice and react. What kind of attachment is this?

Avoidant

Grasping a toy, writing with a pencil, and using a spoon are all examples of______ motor skills.

Fine

Carissa's parents let her stay up as late as she wants. She is allowed to pick out her own clothes and decide when and what she wants to eat. Her parents act more like her friends than authority figures. What kind of parenting style is this?

Permissive

Who believed that moral development, like cognitive development, follows a series of stages?

Lawrence Kohlberg

Soon after birth, a nurse almost drops Osei. He spreads his arms, pulls them back in, and then cries. This is an example of ________.

Moro reflex

_____ skills refer to our ability to move our bodies and manipulate objects.

Motor

Which of the following illustrates conservation?

Scott knows that one piece of pizza cut into two slices is the same amount as cutting the same piece of pizza into three slices.

Specific normative events are also called ________.

developmental milestones

Elroy decided not to cheat on the exam because he would fail the class if he was caught. What stage of moral development does this exemplify?

Pre-conventional

It is hard to tell how Guy's father will respond to Guy. Sometimes he is responsive to Guy's needs, but he is just as likely to ignore Guy. At 18 months old, Guy clings to his father, but he is just as likely to reject his father if his father tries to play with him. Guy becomes angry when his father leaves, and Guy is difficult to comfort even after his father returns. What kind of attachment is this?

Resistant

Who called the stages of development psychosexual stages?

Sigmund Freud

Francis takes his six-month-old daughter to daycare. A substitute provider is there, and his daughter begins crying. She clings to her father and hides her face. What does this exemplify?

Stranger anxiety

What should be changed to make the following sentence true? "Children with FASD may have a large head size and abnormal facial features, poor judgement, poor impulse control, higher rates of ADHD, learning issues, and lower IQ scores."

The word "large" should be changed to the phrase "below average"

What should be changed to make the following sentence true? "The zygote is a structure connected to the uterus that provides nourishment and oxygen from the mother to the developing embryo via the umbilical cord."

The word "zygote" should be changed to the word "placenta"

A developmental psychologists might use_____ to observe how children behave on playgrounds, at a daycare center, or in the child's own home.

naturalistic observation