Chapter 9 Muscles of the Trunk and Extremities

includes the internal oblique, external oblique, transversus and rectus

abdominal muscles

muscles located on the medial (inner) surface of the thigh; horseback riders use these muscles to grip the horse with their thighs

adductors

muscle that flexes the forearm; when you ask a child to "make a muscle", this is the one that pops up

biceps brachii

the brachialis and the brachioradialis work synergistically with this muscle to flex the forearm at the elbow

biceps brachii

muscle that forms the shoulder pads positions the arms in a "scarecrow" position

deltoid

dome-shaped muscle that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity

diaphragm

the chief muscle of inhalation (breathing in)

diaphragm

the Achilles tendon attaches the soleus and this muscle to the heel bone

gastrocnemius

the calf muscle that is used in plantar flexion; also called the toe dancer's muscle

gastrocnemius

largest muscle in the body that forms part of the buttocks; you sit on this muscle

gluteus maximus

includes the biceps femoris

hamstrings

muscle group on the posterior surface of the thigh that flexes the leg at the knee; antagonist to the quadriceps femoris

hamstrings

barbequed ribs

intercostals

muscles responsible for raising and lowering the rib cage during breathing

intercostals

large broad muscle located over the middle and lower back; lowers the shoulders and brings the arms back, as in swimming and rowing

latissimus dorsi

a white line that extends from the sternum to the pubic bone; formed by the aponeurosis of the abdominal muscles

linea alba

anterior chest muscle that adducts and flexes the arm across the chest

pectoralis major

large, broad muscle that forms the anterior chest wall; connects the humerus with the clavicle and structures to the chest

pectoralis major

group of muscles that extend or straighten the leg at the knee, as in kicking a football

quadriceps femoris

includes the recutus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, and vastus intermedius

quadriceps femoris

longest muscle in the body; used to sit cross-legged

sartorius

jagged muscle that resembles the teeth of a saw; lowers the shoulder and moves the arm, as in pushing a cart

serratus anterior

with regard to plantar flexion, works synergistically with the gastrocnemius

soleus

lacated over the shin bone; causes dorsiflexion

tibialis anterior

muscle that shrugs the shoulders and hyperextends the head

trapezius

muscle that lies along the posterior surface of the humerus; it extends the forearm and is used to bear weight in crutch-walking

triceps brachii