Chapter 9 Quiz

Children in the ________ stage can use abstract thinking to problem solve, look at alternative solutions, and test these solutions. a) concrete operational b) formal operational c) preoperational d) sensorimotor

b) formal operational

Madeline is seven months old. Her mother is eating a cookie and Madeline wants some. Her mother hides the cookie under a napkin, but Madeline is not fooled. She knows the cookie is still there. What does this exemplify? a) egocentrism b) object permanence c) reversibility d) stranger anxiety

b) object permanence

Dorothy knows songs and rhymes by memory. She can name most colors and numbers, she can even write the letters of her name. Assuming she reached these cognitive and language development milestones at the average age, about how old is Dorothy? a) two b) three c) four d) five

c) four

Soon after birth, a nurse almost drops Osei. He spreads his arms, pulls them back in, and then cries. This is an example of ________. a) egocentrism b) Moro reflex c) preoperational stage d) stranger anxiety

b) Moro reflex

Balancing, running, and jumping are all examples of ________ motor skills. a) fine b) gross c) moving d) physical

b) gross

Which of the following illustrates conservation? a) Deirdre believes that five pennies have more value than two nickels b) Joseph saves his energy by brushing his teeth in the shower c) Rebekah recycles her glass bottles but not her cell phone batteries d) Scott knows that one piece of pizza cut into two slices is the same amount as cutting the same piece of pizza into three slices.

d) Scott knows that one piece of pizza cut into two slices is the same amount as cutting the same piece of pizza into three slices.

Who called the stages of development psychosexual stages? a) Erik Erikson b) Jean Piaget c) Lawrence Kohlberg d) Sigmund Freud

d) Sigmund Freud

Which term refers to the adjustment of a schema by adding information similar to what is already known? a) assimilation b) conservation c) egocentrism d) reversibility

a) assimilation

Early maturing girls are ________. a) at a higher risk of depression, substance abuse, and eating disorders b) less likely to drop out of high school c) more cofident d) more likely to go to college

a) at a higher risk of depression, substance abuse, and eating disorders

As toddlers (ages 1-3 years) begin to explore their world, they learn that they can control their actions and act on the environment to get results. What is the primary developmental task of this stage? a) autonomy vs shame/doubt b) industry vs inferiority c) initiative vs guilt d) trust vs mistrust

a) autonomy vs shame/doubt

It is hard to tell how Guy's father will respond to Guy. Sometimes he is responsive to Guy's needs, but he is just as likely to ignore Guy. At 18 months old, Guy clings to his father, but he is just as likely to reject his father if his father tries to play with him. Guy becomes angry when his father leaves, and Guy is difficult to comfort even after his father returns. What kind of attachment is this? a) avoidant b) disorganized c) resistant d) secure

c) resistant

A ________ is any environmental agent—biological, chemical, or physical—that causes damage. a) contaminant b) mutagen c) teratogen d) zygote

c) teratogen

After age 65, most people are attempting to assess their lives and make sense of life and the meaning of their contributions. What is the primary developmental task of this stage? a) generativity vs stagnation b) identity vs guilt c) initiative vs guilt d) integrity vs despair

d) integrity vs despair

Carissa's parents let her stay up as late as she wants. She is allowed to pick out her own clothes and decide when and what she wants to eat. Her parents act more like her friends than authority figures. What kind of parenting style is this? a) authoritarian b) authoritative c) Freudian d) permissive

d) permissive

Rochelle has a glass of Kool-Aid. She pours her Kool-Aid into a toy teacup, and then she pours the Kool-Aid from the teacup into a beer stein. She then pours it from the beer stein back into the original glass. She knows the amount of Kool-Aid has not substantially changed. What does this exemplify? a) abstract thinking b) abstraction c) preoperational stage d) reversibility

d) reversibility

What should be changed to make the following sentence true? Erik Erikson's psychosocial development theory emphasizes the sexual nature of our development rather than its social nature. a) the name "Erik Erikson" should be changed to the name "Sigmund Freud" b) the word "sexual" should be changed to the word "biological" c) the word "theory" should be changed to the word "hypothesis" d) the words "sexual" and "social" should be switched

d) the words "sexual" and "social" should be switched

Between birth and one year, infants are dependent on their caregivers; therefore, caregivers who are responsive and sensitive to their infant's needs help their baby to develop a sense of the world as a safe, predictable place. What is the primary developmental task of this stage? a) autonomy vs shame/doubt b) identity vs confusion c) industry vs inferiority d) trust vs mistrust

d) trust vs mistrust

During the early childhood years, the number of words a child uses increases at a rapid pace. This is sometimes referred to as the ________. a) childhood wordlist b) lexicon race c) thesaurus acquisition d) vocabulary spurt

d) vocabulary spurt

Which of the following is not one of the reasons for the new lifespan development category called emerging adulthood? a) changes in the workforce b) changing cultural expectations c) taking longer to complete a college degree d) younger average age for marriage

d) younger average age for marriage

A(an) ________ begins as a one-cell structure that is created when a sperm and egg merge. a) embryo b) placenta c) protean d) zygote

d) zygote