Chapter Four

Job Specification

A list of the knowledge, skills, abilities, and other characteristics (KSAOs) that an individual must have to perform a particular job.

Job Description

A list of the tasks, duties, and responsibilities (TDRs) that a particular job entails.

Flextime

A scheduling policy in which full-time employees may choose starting and ending times within guidelines specified by the organization.

Job

A set of related duties

Position Analysis Questionnaire (PAQ)

A standardized job analysis questionnaire containing 194 questions about work behaviors, work conditions, and job characteristics that apply to a wide variety of jobs.

Job Sharing

A work option in which two part-time employees carry out the tasks associated with a single job.

Job Enlargement

Broadening the types of tasks performed in a job.

Dictionary of Occupational Titles (DOT)

Created by the U.S. Department of Labor in the 1930s as a vehicle for helping the new public employment system link the demand for skills and the supply of skills in the U.S. workforce. The DOT described over 12,000 jobs, as well as some of the requirements of successful job holders.

Job Enrichment

Empowering workers by adding more decision-making authority to jobs.

Job Extension

Enlarging jobs by combining several relatively simple jobs to form a job with a wider range of tasks.

Fifty-Two

How many categories is the Fleishman Job Analysis System based on?

Ability

In contrast to skill, this refers to a more general enduring capability that an individual possesses.

Incumbents

Information for analyzing an existing job often come from these, which are people who currently hold that position in the organization.

Fleishman Job Analysis System

Job analysis technique that asks subject-matter experts to evaluate a job in terms of the abilities required to perform the job.

Work Flow Design

The process of analyzing the tasks necessary for the production of a product or services

Job Design

The process of defining how work will be performed and what tasks will be required in a given job.

Job Analysis

The process of getting detailed information about jobs.

Position

The set of duties (job) performed by a particular person

Industrial engineering

The study of jobs to find the simplest way to structure work in order to maximize efficiency.

Ergonomics

The study of the interface between individuals' physiology and the characteristics of the physical work environment.

Outputs

These are the products of any work unit, whether a department, team, or individual.

Inputs

These can be broken down into the raw inputs (materials and knowledge), equipment, and human skills needed to perform the tasks

Compressed Workweek

This is a schedule in which full-time workers complete their weekly hours in fewer than five days

Skill

This is an individual's level of proficiency at performing a particular task-that is, the capability to perform it well.

Other Characteristics

This might be personality traits such as someone's persistence or motivation to achieve.

Knowledge

This refers to factual or procedural information that is necessary for successfully performing a task.

Occupational Information Network (O NET)

This replaced DOT that uses a common language that generalizes across jobs to describe the abilities, work styles, work activities, and work context required for 1,000 broadly defined occupations