Chapters 6,7,8,9 POLS 115
Jewish voters tend to do which of the following?
Have more liberal views than average on economic and cultural issues
Members of the electoral college selected by each state equal the number of what?
House members plus senators
When was the modern polling developed?
In the 1930's by George Gallup
In many cases, the largest percentage of people in any category, including men, non hispanics whites, millennials, and college graduates identify themselves as which of the following?
Independents
Those who are most active on social networks urging political action tend to be which of the following?
Individuals at the furthest conservative and liberal ends of the political spectrum
Which of the following states holds the nation's first and most famous caucus that requires people to attend a meeting of about two hours in which they indicate their preferences and then try to convince those who are undecided to join their candidate's group
Iowa
Which of the following best describes the influence of parents over their children's political socialization?
Is due to constant communication and receptivity of children to their parents views
In recent years, private sector union membership has done which of the following?
It has doubled
Which of the following best describes the transfer of political attitudes and beliefs?
It is more likely to occur from children to parents
Which of the following describes the gender gap?
It is the tendency of women to be more libertarian than men
Which of the following describes the formation of modern republican party?
It was formed from a coalition of anti slavery factions
Which of the following best reflects the reason why literacy digest was incorrect in it's prediction of the 1936 presidential election?
It's readers were asked to guess as to the outcome, rather than offering up their own opinions, and it had not obtained a random sample of the population.
Which of the following is currently considered to be a minor party in the United States?
Libertarian
A free rider is which of the following?
Someone who benefits from the actions of a group without joining it
To acurately represent the target population, a small sample should be which of the following?
-Randomly selected -Representative of the whole group -Representative in terms of demographic traits (Age, Religion, Rafe, Region, etc.)
Leaders of some of the largest interest groups, such as the NRA and AARP are said to form an "elite within an elite" for which of the following reasons?
-They live in or near Washington D.C. -They work in or near Washington D.C. - They are highly paid, putting them in an upper income bracket -They have access to members of congress and their staffs on a regular basis
Gallup or roper generally interview about how many respondents for a nationwide sample?
1,500
A lobbyist from the NRA meeting with a member of congress to discuss firearms legislation is an example of which of the following?
A direct technique
If a lobbyist is trying to convince a legislator to support a particular bill, one of the most valuable resources in doing so is which of the following?
A large politically active membership
What is a push poll?
A poll that sways or manipulates people's votes for the benefit of the people asking
In polling, the difference between the samples results and those that would have been obtained had the entire population been interviewed is known as which of the following?
A sampling error
Which of the following best describes the american electoral system?
A winner take all or plurality system
Technology was used in the arab spring to do which of the following?
Advance revolution and coalesce public opinion
The first political parties in the United States, the federalists and Anti-federalists, had opposing views related to which of the following?
Amount of power that should be granted to the national government
A lobbyist is defined as which of the following?
An individual or organization that attempts to influence legislation and the administrative decisions of government
If a group of people supporting housing equity organized themselves and attempted to affect policymakers, they would have formed which of the following?
An interest group
Which of the following best describes an interest group?
An organization that actively attempts to influence government policy
Political parties used the patronage system as a way to do which of the following?
Build party loyalty
The most powerful interest groups, those with the most resources and political influence, are primarily what types of interest groups?
Business, Union, Trade, or Professional
To whom is polling important during the presidential primary contests?
Candidates, contributors, and voters
Democratic political systems require which of the following?
Competitive elections
Which of the following states is frequently considered to be a battleground state?
Florida
The 2012 presidential campaign was noteworthy for the large use of social media to do which of the following?
Connect with voters who do not watch television or read newspapers
A poll indicating that 92% of adults believe an education beyond high school is crucial for success in today's job market represents which of the following types of opinion?
Consensus
Generating Public pressure and awareness may do which of the following?
Convince policymakers that public opinion overwhelmingly supports the interest groups decisions
The decline in public support for progressive policies such as welfare and extended health care can be linked to which of the following?
Declining political trust
Which party won most presidential elections from 1932, during the Great Depression, through the election of 1964, when the turbulent 1960's created the environment for a major political realignment?
Democratic
Because there is no single "public, but rather many different publics, surveying public opinion actually means which of the following?
Describing Attitudes typically shared by some portion of the adult population
When 46% of respondents feel the government is doing a good job and 52% believe it is not, this is an example of what?
Divisive opinion
The most numerous types of interest groups in the United States are which of the following?
Economic Interest groups
Modern Democrats emphasize which of the following issues?
Education, poverty, and homelessness
The formal selection of the president of the United States is in the hands of which of the following?
Electors in the electoral college
Which of the following refers to the principle of randomness in public opinion polling?
Every individual has a known and equal chance of being sampled
Explain the principle of randomness in polling, and connect this principle to at least one other technique or problem in polling
Every person has an equal chance of being sampled by polls. Electronic Malfunction
Which of the following is the first agent of political socialization for most people?
Family
Which of the following are the most important early sources of political socialization?
Family and Schools
Describe two of the earliest sources of political socialization and another source that grows in importance as americans reach adulthood.
Family and schools- Earliest Real life experiences- Adulthood
Which of the following are the major agents of early socialization in the united states?
Family, school, religion, and peers
Identify and discuss the factors that can cause poll results to be wrong?
Feelings about issues are unable to be measured by polls
Which of the following is true confidence in government falls?
Fewer people embrace a shared political culture and norms of political behavior
Which of the following is the primary goal of an american political party?
Getting the party's candidates by winning the elections
The task of planning the next campaign and convention, obtaining financial contributions and publicizing the national party belongs to which of the following?
National Chairsperson
What is the top of the party organization with its members chosen by each state party organization?
National Committees
A political party is a group of individuals who do which of the following?
Organize to win elections and operate the government
Which of the following lays out the party's core beliefs and policy proposals?
Party Platform
A centralized organization that dominated local politics by controlling elections, sometimes by illegal means, is known as which of the following?
Party machine
At each national convention, a political party drafts what document that outlines the party's policies, positions, and principles?
Platform
Which of the following theories sees political struggles as the pitting of different groups against each other to reach a compromise?
Pluralism
The process whereby one becomes aware of politics, learns political facts, and forms political values is called what?
Political Socialization
Groups specially formed to raise and contribute funds to support electoral candidates and that are subject to campaign finance laws are known as which of the following?
Political action committees
What challenges are associated with accurate public opinion polling, and how can these challenges be overcome?
Political ignorance Coming in a meaningful way
Which of the following is a group of individuals who join together to choose candidates elected office, whether by informal group voting or a formal nominating process?
Political party
Which of the following occurs when a popular president running for reelection brings additional party candidates into the office?
Presidential Coat-tails
Since 1960's the greatest growth in unionization has occurred among which of the following groups?
Public Employees
The collective attitudes of the citizens on a given issue is known as what?
Public opinion
The national government is very responsive to the public's demand for action when which of the following exists?
Public opinion shifts dramatically
Which of the following refers to a "poll" where respondents are given misleading information in the questions they are asked in order to persuade them to vote against a candidate
Push Poll
Discuss three factors that might distort public opinion results collected through opinion polling?
Race, Religion, Occupation
A sample size that is which of the following will more accurately represent the population?
Random
During Roosevelt's administration in the 1930's the democrats enjoyed political priority after years of republican rule. This is an example of which of the following?
Realignment
What term is used to describe the phenomenon when voters adjust their long-term allegiance from one party to another in response to ideological changes?
Realignment
Two major issues of concern that helped shape the 2012 national elections included which of the following?
Reproductive rights and abortion
American women are more likely to support which of the following?
Restrictions on access to abortions
If no candidate receives a majority in a primary election (in states that require it), what is the next election?
Runoff primary
Which of the following statements regarding political socialization is true?
Scholars believe that greater access to political information may explain why young americans are more liberal than their parents on many social issues
Which of the following is the principle function of a primary election?
Select candidates for the general election
The national abortion rights action league (NARAL) and the national rifle association (NRA) are examples of which of the following?
Single-Interest groups
The republican party was established to deal with which of the following issues?
Slavery
Today, how are most polls conducted?
Telephone
About 86% of Americans indicated that economic issues were the most important problem facing the United States during which of the following?
The 2008-2009 global recession
Which of the following was a recurring message of the 2016 presidential campaign season?
The anti-establishment mood of voters
Which of the following is true of a winner take all system?
The candidate who gets the most votes wins
The first partisan political division in the United States was between which of the following?
The federalists and the Anti-Federalists
The difference between the percentage of women who vote for particular candidate and the percentage of men who vote for that candidate is called what?
The gender gap
An interest group's ability to get members to call their representatives quickly or contribute extra money when needed is an example of which of the following?
The groups cohesiveness
Which of the following refers to a challenging issue in the science of research polling?
The growth of cell phones
Which of the following is the lowest layers of official party machinery?
The local organization supported by district leaders, precinct or ward captains, and party workers
Most interest groups have a bias toward which of the following?
The middle and upper class
Who currently elects the members of the electoral college?
The people of each state
The generation effect refers to which of the following?
The way in which the family influences opinions
Which of the following best describes political parties during the period leading up to the civil war
The whig party split over the issue of slavery, and antislavery factions of many parties coalesced to form the republican party
Which of the following best describes the views of african americans on issues of social welfare, civil liberties and foreign policy?
They are more liberal than whites
Which of the following statements about third parties in the United States is true?
They have been relatively inactive throughout the history of presidential elections
Why are the internet polls not necessarily accurate?
They lack a random sample
Minor political parties that present an alternative to the two dominant political parties in the American political system are known as which of the following?
Third Party
In the case of the independent candidate or a candidate representing a minor party, the most serious problem is to convince voters wof which of the following?
To reject major-party candidates
In recent years, public employee unions have come under increasing challenge over issues related to which of the following?
Wages and pensions
Which of the following Statements concerning gender and political beliefs is incorrect?
Women are more likely to favor the death penalty
Why is random sampling important in polling?
everyone should have an equal probability of being selected for the sample
Which of the following is true of push polls?
they are so controversial that very few candidates have chosen to use them
