Chem 104 Test 2

Which element has the electron configuration [Ar]3d104s1 A. Cu B. Cd C. Ag D. Ge E. Zn

A. Cu

What is the molecular geometry surrounding the carbon Atom in CH4? A. Tetrahedral B. Trigonal pyramid C. Trigonal planner D. Linear E.Angular (bent)

A. Tetrahedral

Which of the following colors of visible light has the lowest frequency? A. Green B. Orange C. Blue D. Yellow E. Red

E. Red

the maximum number of electrons that can be held in the 4f sublevel is... a. 2 b. 6 c. 7 d. 10 e. 14

e. 14

In the third principal energy level, what is the order of energies of the sublevels, from lowest to highest? a. 1s < 2s< 3s b. 3d< 3p< 3s c. 3p< 3s< 3d d. 3p< 3d< 3s e. 3s< 3p< 3d

e. 3s< 3p< 3d

According to Heisenberg's_________ Principle, it is impossible to simultaneously measure the exact location and energy of an electron.

uncertainty

the order of increasing principal energy levels in an atom is related to which of the following? A. 1-2-3-4 b. 1-3-5-7 c. 4-3-2-1 d. s-p-d-f e. f-d-p-s

A. 1-2-3-4

Which of the following correctly describes a cation? A. A positively charged ion B. An ion formed by the addition of electrons to the neutral Atom C.An ion that contains a greater number of electrons than protons D.And ion formed by elements on the right side of the periodic table E.An ion formed mostly by the nonmetals

A. A positively charged ion

The procedure by which electrons are assigned to (or built up into) orbitals is known as the ____ principle. A. Aufbau B. Bohr C. Planck D. Hund E. Pauli

A. Aufbau

Which bond is completely non-polar? A. F-F B. C-H C. C-N D. H-O E. H-F

A. F-F

Which region on the periodic table will have the lowest electronegativity value? A. Left Region B. Right Middle Region C. Middle Region D. Right Region

A. Left Region

When are covalent bond forms, the atomic orbitals of the separated Atoms... A. Overlap B. Repel one another C. Cease to exist because the electron transfer out of the orbitals D. Change from S orbitals to P orbitals E. Change from P, D, or F orbitals to S orbitals

A. Overlap

Dalton's Atomic Theory explained the observation that the percentage by mass of the elements in a compound is always the same, thus Daltons atomic theory supports what Law? A. The Law of Definite Composition B. The Law of Chemical Compounds C. The Law of Multiple Proportions D. The Law of Conservation of Mass E. The Law of Conservation of Energy

A. The Law of Definite Composition

They lewis formula or Lewis diagram is used to show what? A. The arrangement of Atoms electrons in a molecule B.The physical properties of a compound C.How Lewisite type can be made in the laboratory D.How metals form alloys E.Whether a bond is polar or nonpolar

A. The arrangement of Atoms electrons in a molecule

Which of the following properties is associated with the value of the quantum number A. The shape of an orbital B. The size of an orbital C. The number of electrons in an orbital D. The energy of an orbital E. The orientation in space of an orbital

A. The shape of an orbital

How many electrons are in a single double and triple covalent bond, respectively? Single. Double. Triple. A. 1 2. 3 B. 2 4. 6 C. 3 6. 9 D. 4 8. 12 E. 5 10. 13

B. 2 4. 6

The n= ______ shell is the lowest it may contain F orbitals A. 2 B. 4 C. 6 D. 5 E. 3

B. 4

Which of the following elements has the most negative electron affinity? A. Cs B. F C. O D. Cl E. Li

B. F

Arrange the following bonds in order of increasing polarity. Element: Electronegativity: H. 2.1 N. 3.0 O. 3.5 P. 2.1 S. 2.5 A. H-O< H-N < H-S < H-P B. H-P < H-S < H-N < H-O C. H-N< H-O < H-P < H-S D. H-S< H-P < H-O < H-N E. H-P< H-S < H-O < H-N

B. H-P < H-S < H-N < H-O

Which element has the electron configuration 1s22s22p63s23p3 A. V B. P C. Si D. Ti E. As

B. P

Dalton's atomic theory led to a prediction that must be true if the theory is correct: when two elements combine to form a compound, the masses in which they combine is constant... What is the name of this Law that followed from Dalton's atomic theory? A. The Law of Conservation of Mass B. The Law of Definite Composition C. The Law of Weight Ratios D. The Law of Conservation of Weight E. The Law of Multiple Proportions

B. The Law of Definite Composition

The ratio of anions to cations in an ionic compound is always such that... A. The compound is reduced in size when compared to the parent Atoms B.The compound is electrically neutral C. There are many anion's as there are cations D.The cations outnumber the Anions E.The anion outnumber the cations

B. The compound is electrically neutral

In deciding whether a bond is polar or nonpolar, what has to be considered? A. The electromagnetic fields surrounding the molecule B. The electronegativity difference between the Atoms C. The number of bonds between the two Atoms D. Whether a magnet will attract the bonded atoms E. The number of lone pairs

B. The electronegativity difference between the Atoms

What is a lone pair in a Lewis diagram? A. A bonding pair of electrons B.An Unshare pair of electrons C.A molecule with only two electrons D.The electrons that are not counted when determining if the octet of an Atom has been satisfied E.A shared pair of electrons

B.An Unshare pair of electrons

The general term to indicate a negatively charged ion is... A. A cation B.An anion C. A valance ion D. Isoelectron E.a hydrated ion

B.An anion

Why does the stability of a noble gas electron configuration contribute to the formation of covalent bonds? A. Ionic bonds are called electron transfer bonds and covalent bonds are called electron sharing bonds B.The tendency towards a complete octet of electrons in a bonded Atoms reflects the natural tendency for a system to move to the lowest energy state possible C.Ionic crystals are held together by electrostatic forces in molecular compounds are not D.Noble gases are found in group 8A/18 on the periodic table E.Electrons occur in pairs and covalent bonds

B.The tendency towards a complete octet of electrons in a bonded Atoms reflects the natural tendency for a system to move to the lowest energy state possible

Which of the following elements is an S - block element? A. C B. Cd C. Cs D. Ce E. Cf

C. Cs

Which group of the periodic table of elements forms only 2+ ions? A. Group 1A B.Group 8A C. Group 2A D.Group 7A E.Group 1B

C. Group 2A

In a covalent bond, the valence electrons from Atoms are... A. Gained by the cation B.Transferred to the last metallic element C. Shared D.Transferred to the more metallic element E. Gained by the anion

C. Shared

Which of the following correctly describes a covalent bond? A. The charge clouds of the 1 S orbital repel one another B. There are no valence electrons C. The charge density of the electrons is concentrated between the two nuclei D. All the valence electrons go into the electron cloud of only one of the Atoms E. The electron clouds do not overlap as much as in an ionic bond

C. The charge density of the electrons is concentrated between the two nuclei

Which of the following statements is incorrect? A. Electronegativities tend to be greater at the top of any group B. You can estimate the polarity of a bind by calculating the difference between the electronegativity values for the two elements C. The electronegativity difference is zero between elements with electrons in the same principal energy level D. The more electronegativity element toward which the bonding electrons are displaced acts as the negative pole in a polar bond E. Electronegativities increase from left to right across any row of the periodic table

C. The electronegativity difference is zero between elements with electrons in the same principal energy level

What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy the n= 3 shell A. 4 B. 8 C.18 D. 32 E. 50

C.18

Which of the following is not a description of atoms according to Dalton's atomic theory? A. Atoms cannot be destroyed or created B. Atoms of two different elements have different masses C. All atoms of one element have the same mass D. Atoms of the same element that have different masses are called isotopes E. Atoms of different elements may combine in the ratio of small, whole numbers to form compounds

D. Atoms of the same element that have different masses are called isotopes

Huns rule states that the most stable arrangement of electrons (for a ground state electron configuration) A. Has a filled valence shell of electrons B. Has three electrons part orbital, each with identical spins C.Has M value is greater than or equal to +1 D. Has the maximum number of unpaired electrons, all with the same spin E. Has two electrons per orbital, each with opposing spins

D. Has the maximum number of unpaired electrons, all with the same spin

Which of the following element is a D - block element? A. Pb B. Nd C. Ba D. Hg E. Kr

D. Hg

In general, atomic radii A. Decrease down a group and remain constant across a period B.Decrease down a group and increase across a period C.Increase down a group in remain constant across a period D. Increase down a group and decrease across a period E.Increase down a group in increase across a period

D. Increase down a group and decrease across a period

Which of the following regions of the electromagnetic spectrum has the lowest frequency? A. X Ray B. Gamma Ray C. Ultraviolet D. Infrared E. Visible

D. Infrared

Which of the following is another term for unshared electron pairs? A. Bonding electron pairs B. Valence pairs C. Ionic pairs D.Lone pairs E.Covalent pairs

D. Lone pairs

Which of the following is the best classification for a bond in which bonding electrons are shared equally? A. Primarily ionic B. Slightly ionic C. Polar covalent D. Non-polar E. Very strongly polar covalent

D. Non-polar

How is the bond in an F2 molecules formed? A. Transfer of electrons from one fluorine Atom to the third one, followed by an electron from a neutral fluorine Atom being shared with the electron - deficient flooring Atom to form a bond B.Transfer an electron from One fluorine Atom to the other C. Overlap of the half field 1S orbital from one fluorine Atom with the half filled 2P orbital from a second fluorine atom D.Overlap of the half field 2P orbitals of two fluorine atoms E. Overlap of the half field one S or rules of two flour one atoms

D. Overlap of the half field 2P orbitals of two fluorine atoms

Which of the following is the best classification for a bond in which bonding electrons are shared unequally? A. Non-polar covalent B. Electronegative C. Multiple D. Polar covalent E. Completely ionic

D. Polar covalent

Which of the following properties is associated with the value of the n quantum number A. The number of electrons in an orbital B. The size of an orbital C. The orientation in space of an orbital D. The energy of an orbital E. The shape of an orbital

D. The energy of an orbital

Which of the following statements is false? A. A neutron, as its name suggest, is electrically neutral B. The proton and the neutron are primarily responsible for the mass of an atom C. The mass of the proton and neutron are approximately the same D. The mass of a proton is approximately one gram E. The charge on electrons and protons are equal in magnitude but opposite in sign

D. The mass of a proton is approximately one gram

How does phosphorus Atom achieve in octet of electrons? A. By losing five electrons B.By gaining five electrons C.By gaining eight electrons D.By gaining three electrons E.By losing three electrons

D.By gaining three electrons

Which of the following regions of the electromagnetic spectrum have a longer wavelengths than visible light? 1. Infrared radiation 2. Ultraviolet radiation 3. Microwave radiation A. 1 only B. 2 only C. 3 only D. 1 and 2 E. 1 and 3

E. 1 and 3

What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy the n= 5 shell A. 10 B. 16 C.25 D. 32 E. 50

E. 50

Among the following bonds, which would be the least polar? Electronegativity values are Na= 0.9, O= 3.5, F= 4.0, Cl=3.0, Br= 2.8, I=2.5 A. Na-O B. Na- Br C. Na-Cl D. Na- F E. Na- I

E. Na- I

Which elements have no affinity for electrons? A. Transition metals B.S - block elements C. Main group nonmetals D.Semiconductors E.Noble gases

E. Noble Gases

Which type of experiment demonstrates that light has the properties of a particle? A. Nuclear fission B. Electron diffraction C. Light emission from atomic gases D. Mass spectroscopy E. Photoelectric effect

E. Photoelectric effect

What shell contains a total of nine orbitals A. n= 2 B. n= 3 C. n= 4 D. n= 5 E. n= 9

E. n= 9

Which of the following types of compounds best describes organic compounds? A. Ionic compounds B. Ring compounds C. Molecular compounds D. Covalent compounds E.Carbon compounds

E.Carbon compounds

__________ rule states that the most stable arrangement of electrons is that which contains the maximum number of unpaired electrons, all with the same spin of direction.

Hund's Rule

The F- block elements are also referred to as the_____ and actinides.

Lanthanides

Complete the statement with the best choice: In hydrogen, the ground state... a. Has the lowest energy b. Has the most energy c. Is known as the first excited state d. Is the only energy level that is not quantized e. Is one of the energy levels that is not quantized

a. Has the lowest energy

Which of the following is the correct classification for both sodium and chlorine? a. Na is a main group element and a metal and Cl Is a main group elements and a non-metal b. Na is a main group elements and a metal and Cl is a transition element and a non-metal c. Na is a main group elements and a nonmetal and Cl Is a main group elements and a metal d. Na is a main group elements and a metal and Cl Is a main group elements and a metal e. Na is a main group element and a nonmetal and CL is the main group elements and as non metal

a. Na is a main group element and a metal and Cl Is a main group elements and a non-metal

Identify the best description of an s orbital: a. Spherical b. Two pair of lobes c. Three pair of lobes oriented on the X Y and Z axis d. One pair of lobes and a collar e. One pair of lobes oriented on the X axis

a. Spherical

how many orbitals are in the 3p sublevel? a. 1 b. 3 c. 5 d. 9 e. 7

b. 3

which of the following lists electron sublevels in order of increasing energy? a. 4p < 4d< 5s< 5p< 6s b. 4p < 5s< 4d< 5p< 6s c. 6s < 5p< 5s< 4d< 4p d. 6s < 5p< 4d< 5s< 4p e.4p = 4d< 5s = 5p< 6s

b. 4p < 5s< 4d< 5p< 6s

the maximum number of electrons that can be held in the 5p sub level is... a. 4 b. 6 c. 3 d. 5 e. 2

b. 6

Isotopes of an element vary in mass because of differing numbers of: a. Protons b. Neutrons c. Electrons d. Protons and neutrons e.Protons and electrons

b. Neutrons

Which of the following statements is false? a. Atomss of the same element that have different masses are called isotopes b. The masses of isotopes vary because they have different numbers of electrons c. The mass number of an isotope is the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus d. You can find a mass number of an Adam given the number of protons and neutrons but without being given the number of electrons e. Every atom of a particular element has the same number of protons

b. The masses of isotopes vary because they have different numbers of electrons

What is the ground state electron configuration of iron? a. [Ar]3d8 b. [Ar]4s23d6 c. [Ar]3d104s2 d. [Ar]4s13d8 e. none of the above are correct

b. [Ar]4s23d6

which of the following elements are correctly matched with their period and group? I. C. first period. group 4A/ 4 ii. Ne. second period. group 8A/ 18 iii. Al. third period. group 3A/ 13 iv. Ca. third period group 2A/ 2 v. Br. fourth period group 8A/ 18 a. v only b. ii and iii c. i, ii, and iii d. ii, iii, and iv e. i, ii, iii, and iv

b. ii and iii

which of the following lists electron sublevels in order of increasing energy? a. 4p < 3d< 4s< 3p< 3s b. 4p < 4s< 3d< 3p< 3s c. 3s < 3p< 4s< 3d< 4p d. 3s < 3p< 3d< 4s< 4p e. 3s < 4s< 3p< 4p< 3d

c. 3s < 3p< 4s< 3d< 4p

how many orbitals are in the 5d sublevel? a. 1 b. 3 c. 5 d. 7 e. 9

c. 5

which of the following is the correct classification for both calcium and iron? a. Ca is a transition element and a metal and Fe Is a transition elements and a nonmetal b. Ca is the main group element and a nonmetal and Fe Is A main group elements and a metal c. Ca is a main group element and a metal and Fe is a transition element and a metal. d. Ca is a main group elements and a metal and Fe Is a transition elements and a nonmetal e. Ca is a transition element and a metal And Fe Is a transition elements and a metal

c. Ca is a main group element and a metal and Fe is a transition element and a metal.

Which of the following statements correctly describes the relationship between principal energy levels of an electron and the principal quantum number a. Energy levels have no relationship to principal quantum number b. In general, energy levels increase in the principal quantum number order s< p< d< f c. In general, energies increase as the principal quantum number increases d. In general, energy levels increase as principal quantum number orbital occupancy increases e.In general, energy decrease as the principal quantum number increases

c. In general, energies increase as the principal quantum number increases

complete the statement with the best choice: Excited state for hydrogen atom are states in which.... a. Electrons are found after they have released energy b. Electrons are more stable been in the ground state c. The electron has more energy than in the ground state d. Electrons orbit closer to the nucleus then in the ground state e. Electrons orbit in opposite directions as in the ground state

c. The electron has more energy than in the ground state

Which of the following are correct? a. The element H is on both the the first period and the seventh period b. The element Na is in group to 2A / 2 c. The element Ge is in the fourth period in group 4A/ 14 d. The element Cr is in the third period and Group 6B/6 e. More than one of the statements above are correct

c. The element Ge is in the fourth period in group 4A/ 14

What is the ground state electron configuration of potassium? a. [Ar] 3d1 b. 1s22s22p63s23p63d1 c. [Ar] 4s1 d. 1s22s22p62d103s1 e. none of the above are correct

c. [Ar] 4s1

What is the ground state electron configuration of carbon? a. 2s22p4 b. 1s22s22p63s2 c. 1s21p22s2 d. 1s22s22p2 e. none of the above are correct

d. 1s22s22p2

how many of the following elements belong to the chemical family known as the alkaline earths? sodium, magnesium, chlorine, neon, calcium, bromine, argon, fluorine, helium, and hydrogen a. 5 b. 4 c. 1 d. 2 e. 3

d. 2

which of the following is the correct Lewis symbol for the given element? a. K : b. Kr : c. B : d. Be : e. O :

d. Be :

Groups in the periodic table are also known as... a. Periods b. IUPACs c. Mendeleevian elements d. Chemical families e. Assemblages

d. Chemical families

Which of the following statements about isotopes is/ are correct? i. They have different masses ii. They have different numbers of neutrons iii. They have different electrical charges iv. They have different nuclear symbols v. They have different mass number a. i and ii b. i, ii, and iv c. i, ii, and v d. i, ii, iv, and v e. all of the above

d. i, ii, iv, and v

Which of the following statements is/ are correct? i. principal energy levels are identified by the letters s, p, d, and f ii. principal energy levels appear in both the quantum mechanical model of the atom and the Bohr model of the atom iii. in general, n= 1 is at lower energy than n=2, and n= 2 is lower than n=3, and so on iv. The principal energy level is related to electron spin a. i only b. iv only c. i and ii d. ii and iii e. iii and iv

d. ii and iii

which of the following statements is/ are false? i. Groups are arranged vertically in the periodic table ii. periods are arranged horizontally in the periodic table iii. periods are numbered from top to bottom iv. There are eight elements in the first period of the periodic table a. i only b. ii and iii c. i and ii d. iv only e. i, ii, and iv

d. iv only

which numbered section on the periodic table represents the most metallic elements? a. 2 b. 3 c. 4 d. 5 e. 1

e. 1

which of the following statements is/ are correct? i. visible light is a very small part of the entire electromagnetic spectrum ii. low frequency is the number of complete waves passing a point in a given time iii. electromagnetic radiation travels at finite speed a. i only b. ii only c. iii only d. i and ii e. i and iii

e. i and iii

which of the following statements is / are correct? i. wavelength is the distance between identical parts of a wave ii. frequency is the number of complete waves passing a point in a given period of time iii. the speed of light is equal to the product of the wavelength and frequency of an electromagnetic wave a. i only b. iii only c. i and ii d. ii and iii e. i, ii, and iii

e. i, ii, and iii

The ______ quantum number is given the symbol M. This quantum number is related to the orientation in space of an orbital.

magnetic

As one mix horizontally from left to right across a period, the effective _____ charge increases, resulting in decreasing atomic radii.

nuclear