Chemistry Ch 4 Test- Henning

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What is an isotope?

Atoms with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons

what element was the model isotope for AMU?

Carbon-12

How did Goldstein discover the proton?

Cathode tube ray experiment

Gold Foil Experiment

Conducted by Ernest Rutherford in which alpha particles that were shot at gold foil were deflected when they hit the positive center of gold atoms. The nucleus was discovered as a result of this experiment.

Who stated that all atoms of the same element are excactly alike?

Dalton

Solid Sphere Model

Dalton- an atom is little more than a singular, solid particle without other components.

The first person to ever talk about an atom was

Democritus

The first person to propose a theory about an atom was

Democritus

This is a negatively charged particle found outside the nucleus

Electron

Which of the following is proposed by Erwin Schrodinger?

Electron cloud model of the atom

People have always agreed that matter is made of atoms. True or False

False

Neon has an atomic number of 10 and an atomic mass of 20.180. How many protons, electrons, and neutrons will it have?

P=10 E=10 N=10

What was Thomson's model called?

Plum pudding model

Niels Bohr suggested that electrons.......

are found in specific orbits

what did Democritus call the small particles?

atomos

All matter is made of what?

atoms

Place the following scientists in order, from earliest to latest:A) Ernest RutherfordB) J.J. ThomsonC) John Dalton

c,b,a

J.J. Thomson provided evidence that an atom...

contains negatively charged particles

What did Thomson originally call electrons?

corpuscles

what did Thomson originally call electrons?

corpuscles

Quantum Model

current atomic model in which a tiny, dense atomic nucleus is surrounded by a "cloud" of electrons occupying three-dimensional orbitals according to their energies

Contributes basically no mass to an atom

electrons

cathode ray tube

evacuated glass tube in which a stream of electrons emitted by a cathode strikes a fluorescent material, causing it to glow

Some atoms are large enough to see with your eyes. true or false.

false

what was Thomson's contribution to the atomic theory?

found electrons

how did Schrodinger's model contribute ti the atomic theory?

he created the quantum model

what was Rutherfords contribution to the atomic theory?

he discovered the positive piece at the center of the atom (nucleus)

how did Niels Bohr contribute to the atomic theory?

he explained chemical properties by putting electrons in orbit

what was Dalton's atomic theory?

his 4 postulates

Ernst Rutherford discovered which part of the atom through the use of gold foil?

nucleus

This contains most of the mass of an atom

nucleus

This particle is found in the nucleus and has a positive charge

proton

What did Goldstein discover?

protons

What does the nucleus of an atom contain?

protons and neutrons

What was Dalton's model?

solid sphere

Schrodinger

studied energy of electrons and helped develop electron cloud model

Millikan calculated

the mass and charge of the electron

atomic number

the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom

atomic mass

the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom

The atomic number for Oxygen is 8, so

there are 8 protons in the atom

Rutherford's gold foil experiment provided evidence that...

there is a dense positively charged nucleus at the center of an atom.

JJ Thomson

used the cathode ray tube to discover electrons

Which particle is responsible for the chemical properties of an atom?

valence electrons

Chadwick discovered the

neutron

This particle is found in the nucleus and has no charge

neutron

Dalton's four postulates

1. all matter is made of atoms, which are indivisible. 2. all atoms of a given element are identical in mass and properties. 3. compounds are combinations of two or more different types of atoms. 4. a chemical reaction is a rearrangement of atoms.

How much does a electron weigh?

1/1840 of a proton

Niels Bohr

1913- discovered that electrons move around the nucleus in orbits called electron shells.

Which is the correct sequence of the scientists who made major changes in the model of the atom? 1-JJ Thomson 2-Erwin Schrodinger 3-John Dalton 4-Niels Bohr 5-Ernest Rutherford

3, 1, 5, 4, 2

Oil Drop Experiment

A drop of oil was placed in a cylinder with negative and positive plates, the drops were charged using an x-ray. Different waves of xrays let the drops fall at different rates. Determined that the mass of the electron is 9.10 x 10^-28 by Robert Milikan

Electron

A subatomic particle that has a negative charge

proton

A subatomic particle that has a positive charge and that is found in the nucleus of an atom

neutron

A subatomic particle that has no charge and that is found in the nucleus of an atom

What was Rutherford's experiment?

Gold foil experiment

Democritus

Greek philosopher that said all matter is made of tiny particles called "atomos" or atoms

What contribution did John Dalton make to atomic theory?

He discovered that every element consisted of one type of atom.

This is the simplest of all atoms and contains only one proton and one electron

Hydrogen

The word atom comes from a Greek word "atomos" that means

Indivisible

Plum Pudding Model

J.J Thomsons model of an atom, in which he thought electrons were randomly distributed within a positively charged cloud

What scientist is best known for his "Plum Pudding" model of the atom?

J.J. Tomson

What scientist first developed 4 rules for atomic theory, and helped kick start modern chemistry?

John Dalton

Who came up with this model of an atom?

Neils Bohr

What was Millikan's experiment?

Oil drop experiment

An atom's overall charge is ________.

neutral

True or False: The majority of an atom is made up of empty space

True

atomic mass unit (amu)

a unit of mass equal to one-twelfth the mass of a carbon-12 atom

The majority of an atom's mass exists where?

in the nucleus

atomos

indivisible and industructible

why didn't Rutherford's model last long?

it did not explain anything


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