Chemistry Chap. 8
In a ______ reaction, two or more elements or compounds form one product
combination
the following reaction is an example of a __________ reaction. C5H8 + 702 ----> 5CO2 + 4H2O
combustion
according to Avogadro's law, the volume of a gas
is directly related to the number of moles at constant temperature and pressure
An autoclave is used to sterilize surgical equipment because
it allows water to boil at temperatures above 100 degrees C
In the kinetic molecular theory of a gas behavior, the distance between gas molecules is assumed to be ________ the diameter of the gas molecules
large relative to
in an oxidation-reduction reaction, the substance oxidized always ________
loses electrons
the air pressure on a rainy day is usually _______ air pressure on a sunny day
lower than
the boiling point of water at sea level is 100 degrees Celcius. At higher altitudes, the boiling point of water will be ________
lower, because the atmospheric pressure is lower
In the kinetic molecular theory of a gas behavior, the assumption is made that gas molecules
move rapidly in a random directions
Avagadro's number is the number of
particles in 1 mole of a substance
the force of a gas particles against the walls of a container is called _______.
pressure
In a kinetic molecular theory of a gas behavior, particles of a gas tend to move ________ and collisions between them are ________
rapidly, elastic
In response to Boyle's Law, the pressure of a gas increases as the volume decreases because
the gas particles strike the walls of the container more often
In Gay-Lussac's law, the pressure of a gas increases due to an increase in temperature because
the molecules strike the walls of the container harder and more often
a chemical equation is balanced when
the number of atoms of each element is the same in reactants and products
the pressure exerted by a gas on its container is directly proportional to
the number of molecules of a gas in the sample
according to the kinetic molecular theory of gases, a gas can be compressed much more than a liquid or a solid because
the particles of a gas are very far apart
Vapor pressure can be described as
the pressure exerted by a gas above the surface of its liquid
in any balanced chemical equation, the number of each type of atom on both sides of the equation is
the same
Which of the following is NOT part of the kinetic molecular theory of gases?
there are very little empty spaces in a gas
3.00 moles of NO2 have a mass of
138 g
at 570 mmHg and 25 degrees C, a gas sample has a volume of 2270 mL. What is the final pressure (in mmHg) at a volume of 1250 mL and a temperature of 175 degrees C?
1560 mmHg
what is the molar mass of copper(II) sulfate, CuSO4
159.6 g/mole
a gas sample contains 4.00g of CH4, and 2.00g of He. What is is the volume of the sample at STP?
16.8 L
what is the molar mass of sodium phosphate, Na3PO4
163.9 g/mole
In the following reaction, what is the correct coefficient for aluminum chloride? Al + Cl2 ---> AlCl3
2
Given the following equation, what is the correct form of the conversion factor needed to convert the number of moles of O2 to the number of moles of Fe2O3 product? 4FE + 3O2 ---> 2Fe2O3
2 moles Fe2O3 ----------------- 3 moles of O2
a tank contains helium gas at 490. mmHg, nitrogen gas at 0.750 atm, and neon at 520. torr. What is the total pressure in atm?
2.08 atm
a gas contained in a steel tank has a pressure of 1.5 atm at a temperature of 320 K. What will be the gas pressure when the temperature changes to 450 K?
2.1 atm
one of the copper(II) Sulfate, CuSO4, contains ________ O atoms
2.41 x 10^24
0.400 mole of sucrose, C12H22O11, contains ________ C atoms.
2.89 x 10^24
At STP, what is the volume of 1.0 mol of carbon dioxide?
22.4 L
a sample of argon at 300 degrees C and 50.0 atm pressure is cooled in the same container to a temperature of 0 degrees C. What is the new pressure?
23.8 atm
wha is the molar mass of Mg3(PO4)2, a substance formerly used in medicine as an antacid?
262.9 g/mole
at STP, temperature and pressure has the values of
273 K and 760 mmHg
for the following reaction, what is the correct coefficient for H2? Fe + HCl ---> FeCl3 + H2
3
the molar mass of potassium is
39.10 g/mole
One mole of copper(II) sulfate, CuSO4, contains ________ moles of O.
4
A gas sample in a closed, expandable container of initial volume 5.00 L was allowed to warm from 25 degrees C to 35 degrees C. What was its new volume?
5.17 L
a gas at 5.00 atm pressure was stored in a tank during the winter at 5.0 degrees C. During the summer, the temperature in the storage area reaches 40.0 degrees C. What was the pressure in the gas tank then?
5.63 atm
in the reaction of nitrogen gas, N2, with hydrogen gas, H2, to form ammonia gas, NH3, how many moles of hydrogen are needed to react with two moles of nitrogen? N2 + 3H2 ---> 2NH3
6 moles
One mole of particles of any substance contains how many particles?
6.02 x 10^23
how many grams of glucose (C6H1206) are in 3.55 moles of glucose?
640. g
the molar mass of calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH)2, is
74.10 g/mole
calculate the molar mass of potassium chloride, KCl
74.55 g/mole
the unit of 1 atmosphere used to describe the pressure of a gas is equal to _______
760 mmHg
how many grams of Fe2O3 are there in 0.500 moles of Fe2O3?
79.9 g
4.00 moles of sodium have a mass of
92.0 g
calculate the molar mass of magnesium chloride, MgCl2
95.21 g/mole
What unit of temperature is used in gas law calculations?
Kelvin
according to the kinetic molecular theory of gases, particles of a gas
are very far apart
A barometer is a device for measuring __________
atmospheric pressure
how many moles of K2SO4 are in 15.0g of K2SO4?
0.0861 moles
the number of moles MgO produced when 0.20 mole of O2 reacts completely is
0.40 mole
how many moles of neon occupy a volume of 14.3 L at STP?
0.638 moles
0.100 mole of lithium has a mass of
0.694 g
In the reaction, what is the coefficient for calcium oxide? CaO + Co2 ---> CaCO3
1
A cyclopropane-oxygen mixture is used as an anesthetic. If the partial pressure of cyclopropane in the mixture is 334 mmHg and the partial pressure of the oxygen is 1.02 atm, what is the total pressure of the mixture in torr?
1 110 torr
a tank contains helium gas at 1.50 atm. What is the pressure of the gas in mmHg?
1 140 mmHg
The temperature of a 500. mL sample of gas increases from 150. K to 350. K. What is the final volume of the sample of gas, if the pressure in the container is kept constant?
1 170 mL
the mathematical expression of the ideal gas law is _____
PV = nRT
As you rise higher in Earth's atmosphere, the atmospheric pressure
decreases
In Charle's Law, the volume of a gas _______ when the ______ decreases.
decreases, temperature
in an oxidation-reduction reaction, the substance reduced always ______
gains electrons
