Chemistry Chapter 1: Homework Helpers
Monatomic
Smallest individual complete parts of elements are single atoms
aqueous
A substance that is dissolved in water
Substance
A type of matter that has consistent composition
Energy
Ability to do work
Matter
Anything that is made up of atoms
Intensive properties
Are not affected by size of sample
Physical Changes
Changes that do not result in the production of a new substance
Physical properties
Characteristics of a material that can be observed without carrying out a chemical reaction on it.
Extensive properties
Characteristics that depend on the size of the sample in question
Binary compounds
Compounds made up of 2 elements
Ternary compounds
Compounds that contain 3 elements
Solutions
Different name for Homogeneous mixtures
Kinetic energy
Energy that an object has due to its mass and velocity
Chemical Energy
Energy that atoms store as their potential to form bonds with other atoms.
Work
Force exerted over a distance
Diatomic elements
Found in nature in elemental form as two atom molecules
concentrations
How strong or weak a mixture is
Law of Conservation of Matter-Energy
Illustrates what happens in a nuclear reaction
Evaporation
Liquid changes to the gas phase.
Mixture
Made up of 2 or more elements that are physically combined
The Law of Conservation of Matter
Matter cannot be destroyed or created, it can only change form
Homogeneous
Mixtures that DO have a uniform composition throughout
Heterogeneous mixtures
Mixtures that do not have a consistent or uniform composition throughout
Chemical changes
More complex and harder to observe than physical changes
Malleability
Physical property of metals that allows them to be hammered into sheets.
Vaporization
Process by which a liquid becomes a gas
Sublimation
Process by which a solid goes directly into gas form
Condensation
Process by which gas becomes a liquid
Deposition
Process by which gas vapor goes directly into solid phase
Chemical properties
Properties that cannot readily be observed
Viscosity
Relative resistance to flow
Gravitational Potential Energy
Stored energy that an object possesses due to its mass and its position above a reference point
Compounds
Substances that are made up of 2 or more elements chemically combined
Elements
Substances that are made up of only one type of atom
Endothermic reactions
Takes in more energy than they release
Activation Energy
The energy required to get a chemical reaction to start
Exothermic Reactions
The potential energy of the products is lower than the reactants
Solidification
The process by which a liquid becomes a solid
Fusion
The process by which a solid becomes a liquid
Law of Conservation of Energy
The total amount of energy in the universe is conserved