Chemistry Exam
1
Fluorine belongs to group 7A. How many covalent bonds are formed between two fluorine atoms?
Empirical formula
Formula of a compound with the smallest whole number mole ratio of the elements
Ideal gas constant
R represents the relationship among pressure, volume, temperature, and number of moles of gas present. What is "R"?
Mole
SI base unit used to measure the amount of a substance
NaBr • 2H2O
Sodium bromide dihydrate is correctly written as ____________________
Molecular formula
Specifies the actual number of atoms of each element in one molecule of a compound
Mass
Stoichiometry is based on the law of conservation of ___________
Combined Gas Law
Temperature, pressure, and volume are related for a fixed amount of gas
Gram/mole
The SI unit of molar mass is __________________
Measured experimentally
The actual yield of a product is _______________
Polar
The bent shape of a water molecule makes it ______________
A multiple of the mole ratio of the elements in its empirical formula
The mole ratio of the elements in a compound's molecular formula is _________________________
0 degrees Celsius and 1.00 atm
What are the conditions known as standard temperature and pressure (STP)?
Aqueous
What is the chemical state of the symbol (aq)?
Gas
What is the chemical state of the symbol (g)?
Liquid
What is the chemical state of the symbol (l)?
Solid
What is the chemical state of the symbol (s)?
P1V1 = P2V2
What is the equation for Boyle's Law?
V1/T1=V2/T2
What is the equation for Charles's law?
P1/T1=P2/T2
What is the equation for Gay-Lussac's Law?
PV=nRT
What is the equation for the Ideal Gas Law?
P1V1/T1=P2V2/T2
What is the equation for the combined gas law?
Tetrahedral
What molecular shape does the compound CCl4 have?
Number of moles
What variable is mentioned in the ideal gas law that is assumed to be constant in the other gas laws?
22.4 L
What volume will one mole of a gas occupy under standard temperature and pressure?
H2O
Which compound has the smallest molar mass? H2O2, H2O, CO, or CO2
Boron
Which is NOT a diatomic molecule? Fluorine, Nitrogen, Bromine, or Boron
N2O
Which is the correct formula for the compound dinitrogen monoxide? NO2, (NO)2, N2O1, or N2O
H3PO4
Which is the correct formula for the compound phosphoric acid? H3P, HPO3, H3PO4, or H3PO3
Chloric Acid
Which is the correct name for the compound HClO3? Hydrogen chlorate, chloric acid, hydrogen chloride trioxide, or hydrochloric acid
Nitrous acid
Which is the correct name for the compound HNO2? Hyponitrous acid, hydronitrogen dioxide, nitrous acid, or hydronitric acid
dinitrogen trioxide
Which is the correct name for the compound N2O3? Dinitro trioxide, nitrogen (II) oxide (III), trinitrogen dioxide, or dinitrogen trioxide
dinitrogen tetroxide
Which is the correct name for the compound N2O4? Tetranitrogen dioxide, dinitrogen tetroxide, dinitrogen quadoxide, or nitrogen oxide
phosphorus pentachloride
Which is the correct name for the compound PCl5? Monophosphorus tetrachloride, phosphorus chloride, phosphorus pentachloride, or pentaphosphorus chloride
SCl6
Which is the formula for the compound sulfur hexachloride? S6Cl, SCl6, SCl5, or S2Cl3
BH3
Which of the following compounds is an exception to the octet rule? BH3, CH4, NH3, or H2O
Ionic
Which type of bond has an electronegativity difference greater than 1.7?
Single covalent
Which type of bond has one pair of electrons shared between atoms?
Avogadro's principle
____________ _______________ states that the volume of one mole of any gas at STP is 22.4 L
Bond length
_____________ ______________ is the distance between the centers of the two nuclei of atoms bonded
Avogadro's number
6.02 x 10^23
Formula units KCl
A mole of potassium chloride (KCl) contains 6.02 x 10^23 __________________.
Coefficient
A number written in front of a chemical formula
Increases
A piston in an engine compresses the gas into a smaller volume. The pressure ________________
Decomposition reaction
A reaction in which a compound breaks down into two or more elements or new compounds
Combustion reaction
A reaction in which oxygen combines with a substance and releases heat and light energy
Single replacement reaction
A reaction in which the atoms of one element replace the atoms of another element in a compound
Double replacement reaction
A reaction involving the exchange of positive ions between two compounds dissolved in water
Precipitate
A solid produced during a chemical reaction in a solution
Reactant
A starting substance in a chemical reaction
Chemical equation
A statement that uses chemical formulas to show the identities and relative amounts of the substances involved in a chemical reaction
Product
A substance formed during a chemical reaction
Mole ratio
A(n) ______________ is a ratio between the number of moles of any two substances in a balanced chemical equation
Increases
Additional gas is added to a soccer ball. The pressure ______________
Decreases
An inflated balloon is placed in a refrigerator. The volume _______________
Mass
As a hydrated compound is heated, it decreases in __________________
Hydrate
Compound that has a specific number of water molecules bound to its atom
Decreases
Compressed air in scuba tanks cools off as a diver swims at deeper levels. The pressure in the tanks ___________________
The number of moles of the gas
Consider the ideal gas law and the ideal gas constant. What information do you need in order to determine the volume of the gas if you know the pressure, the temperature, and the ideal gas constant?
Avogadro's principle
Equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure contain equal numbers of particles
2
How many pi bonds are there in a triple covalent bond?
4
How many single covalent bonds can carbon form?
Combustion
Identify the type of chemical reaction: 2C2H6 (g) + 7O2 (g) —> 4CO2 (g) + 6H2O (g)
Decomposition
Identify the type of chemical reaction: 2H2O2 (l) —> 2H2O (l) + O2 (g)
Double replacement
Identify the type of chemical reaction: 2KOH (aq) + H2SO4 (aq) —> K2SO4 (aq) + 2H2O (l)
Synthesis
Identify the type of chemical reaction: CO2 (g) + CaO (s) —> CaCO3 (s)
Single replacement
Identify the type of chemical reaction: Mg (s) + 2AgNO3 (aq) —> 2Ag (s) + Mg(NO3)2 (aq)
Coefficients
In a balanced chemical equation, the numbers of individual particles and the numbers of moles of particles are represented by the _____________
Penta
In naming the compound PCl5, the prefix used with the second element is ____________.
Number of moles
In the combined gas law, this variable is always constant.
Temperature
In the combined gas law, this variable is directly proportional to volume
Volume
In the combined gas law, this variable is inversely proportional to pressure
Coordinate covalent
In the reaction between BF3 and NH3, a _______________ ________________ type of bond is formed
25%
Methane (CH4) contains 75% carbon. What percentage of methane is hydrogen?
Balanced chemical equation
Mole ratios for a reaction are obtained from the ________________
1 sigma bond and 1 or 2 pi bonds
Multiple covalent bonds consist of which of these? 1 sigma bond only, 1 sigma bond and 1 or 2 pi bonds, 3 pi bonds only, or 1 sigma bond and 1 pi bond
Sulfuric acid
Name the acid with the following chemical formula: H2SO4
Percent composition
Percent by mass of each element in a compound
Efficiency
Percent yield of a product is a measure of a reaction's _______________
-ate
The name of an oxyacid has the suffix -ic acid. What is the suffix of the oxyanion?
Hydroionic
The name of the acid HI is _________________ acid.
Ideal Gas Law
The physical behavior of an ideal gas can be expressed in terms of the pressure, volume, temperature, and number of moles of gas present
Gay Lussac's Law
The pressure of a given mass of gas varies directly with the Kelvin temperature when the volume remains constant
Chemical reaction
The process by which the atoms of one or more substances are rearranged to form different substances
Trifluoride
The second part of the name of the compound NF3 is ________________.
Boyle's Law
The volume of a given amount of gas held at a constant temperature varies inversely with the pressure
Charles's Law
The volume of a given mass of gas is directly proportional to its kelvin temperature at constant pressure
