Chemistry Semester Exam Review

11.3 kg + 250. kg + 199.00005 kg = ?

460. kg

Consider each of the following and tell what each measures A. Kilogram B. mm C. Degree Celsius D. m³

A. mass B. length or distance C. temperature D. volume

Name this compound: BeO

Beryllium Oxide

"Elements become more stable with 8 electrons in their outermost energy levels." What is the name of this rule?

The octet rule

On the Periodic table, horizontal rows are called ____________ and vertical rows are called ____________

periods ; groups

What charge does the nitride ion make

-3

Convert 0.004 cg to dg

0.0004 dg

Convert 350.9 mm to m

0.3509 m

Which two of the following arrangements represent different isotopes of the same element? 1) 12 protons, 11 neutrons, 12 electrons 2)11 protons, 12 neutrons, 11 electrons 3)10 protons, 12 neutrons, 12 electrons 4) 11 protons, 12 neutrons, 10 electrons 5) 12 protons, 12 neutrons, 12 electrons

1 & 5

Write an equation In a blast furnace, Iron (III) oxide and carbon monoxide gas produce carbon dioxide gas and iron.

1 Fe2O3 (x) + 3CO (g) --> 3CO₂ (g) + 2Fe (s)

Write a equation When sodium oxide is added to water, sodium hydroxide is produced

1 Na₂ (x) + 1 H₂O (l) --> 2 NaOH

How many seconds are in 13 days? (Answer in scientific notation)

1.1 x 10⁶ seconds

How many oxygen atoms are there in Al2(SO4)3

12

Calculate the Average Atomic Mass of Element X 13.55 g 52.0% 14.28 g 45.7 % 12.9 g 2.3 %

13.88 g

Write the Long Form Electron configuration for Rubidium

1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s¹

How many electrons will fit in each of the 4p orbitals?

2

How many sigfigs are in 0.0000028 g ?

2

How many sigfigs are in 28000 ?

2

What is the maximum number of electrons that (theoretically) will be found in principal energy level n=1 ?

2

What is the maximum number of electrons that will be (theoretically) found in principal energy level n=1 ?

2

How many valence electrons does Magnesium have? Argon?

2 ; 8

What is the oxidation number of Magnesium?

2⁺

How many sigfigs are in 0.280 g ?

3

How many sigfigs are in 28.0 g ?

3

Calculate % loss In a synthesis reaction, 3.25 g of Hydrogen gas is combined with 49.05 g of Oxygen to make 50.7 g water

3.1 %

Answer in scientific notations and with correct number of Sig Figs (195.000 cm)(2.0 cm)

390 cm (two sig figs)

What is the oxidation number of Gallium?

3⁺

How many energy levels does an atom of arsenic have?

4

Lake Michigan holds 1.3 x 10¹⁵ gallons of water. How many cL is this? (1 gallon = 3.79 L)

4.9 x 10¹⁷

How many sigfigs are in 2.8000 g ?

5

Nitrogen is in group 15, so how many valence electrons does it have?

5

A certain atom has 37 protons, 37 electrons, and 50 neutrons. What is its mass number?

87- Add the protons and neutrons. Electrons don have mass.

Convert 9.1 x 10⁻⁷ L to daL

9.1 x 10⁻⁸ daL

List 6 indicators of chemical changes.

>change in color >change in odor > change in temp. >bright light produced >bubbles (gas formation indicated) >precipitate

Which of the following mixtures is/are homogeneous? A. salt water B. milk C. vinegar and oil D. Italian salad dressing E. Air

A , B & E

What does a alpha decay nuclear process emit?

A helium nucleus (mass of 4 and 2 protons)

What are shared in the following types of bonds and how many? A. Ionic bond B. Covalent single bond C. triple bond

A. Nothing is shared in an ionic bond B. 2 electrons C. 6 electrons

What should you do if: A. You get chemicals in your eye? B. Your hair catches on fire? C. You break a glass test tube?

A. Notify the teacher. Eye wash station minimum 15 minutes. Partner aids as needed B. Notify the teacher. Partner gets the fire blanket to smother flame. C. Notify the teacher. Do not attempt to pick up pieces until the teacher assists you.

Consider the following list and tell what each measures: A. Kilogram B. mm C. Degree Celsius D. m³

A. mass B. length or distance C. temperature D. volume

Which of these describes a diatomic element? A. molecule B. atom C. neutron D. proton

A. molecule

Name their uses: A. Erlenmeyer flask B. Graduated cylinder C. Bunsen Burner D. Watch Glass

A. swirling B. measures liquid C. heating / evaporating D. (1) Allowing wet filter paper to dry on it (2) Cover a beaker to reduce splatter

What group of metals is most reactive?

Alkali metals

What is the difference between an atom, ion, and a isotope?

Atom= neutral, same # protons and electrons. Isotope = different # neutrons. Ion = charged atom, # protons does NOT = electron #

"one before two" -what rule is this?

Aufbau Principle

Which of the following pairs of elements would exhibit similar chemical properties? A. Li, He B. Ar, Xe C. Ca, Ti D. N, Ga

B- They are in the same group and thus have the same number of valence electrons. This determines reactivity.

Which of the following sets contains elements that are all in the same period? A. H, Li, Sr B. O, F, Ne C. Ti, V, Cd D. Tl, In, Cu

B. O, F, Ne

Which element is most likely to lose electrons in an attempt to become like a noble gas? A. Nitrogen B. Potassium C. Iodine

B. Potassium

An atom diagram has 5 red molecules and 8 neutrons in its nucleus. Red= Proton Green= Neutron. What element is this

Boron

How are the elements on the periodic table arranged

By increasing atomic number or by increasing number of protons.

What element has 17 protons?

Chlorine

What element has a atomic number of 24?

Chromium (Cr)

Name this compound : CuS

Copper (II) Sulfide

Which of the following are chemical properties? A. Evaporation B. boiling point and freezing point C. solubility D. oxidation (ex : rusting) E. flammability F. liquid state G. malleability H. green color

D&E

Which of the following is most likely to gain electrons to form a stable octet? A. Be B. B C. Al D. Se

D. Se

What family on the PT contains group 17 elements?

Halogens

Which group of nonmetals is most reactive?

Halogens

" up before down " -what rule is this

Hund's Rule

A researcher tested 10 rats to see if the area of their living spaces correlated to their masses. Each of the baby rats was given the same amount of food each day for 6 months, but they were kept in different sized- cages. All other factors were kept the same. What was the independent variable? Dependent?

Independent= size of cage Dependent = masses of rats

Name this compound: Mg₃(PO₄)₂

Magnesium Phosphate

What family on the periodic table has characteristics of both metals and nonmetals?

Metalloids

Write the formula for Magnesium Acetate

Mg(C2H3O2)2

Name this compound: NiBr₃

Nickel (III) Bromide

Which group does not react much, if at all?

Noble Gases

What family on the PT are inactive with a full octet?

Noble gases

Write the formula for tetraphosphorus pentachloride.

P4Cl5

"spin up, spin down" & " no two electrons can have the same four quantum numbers" - What rule is this

Pauli Exclusion

What is the name for the compound PCl3?

Phosphorus trichloride

A student measured a room that was exactly 41.5 m across. He measured four times, with these results : 48.0 m, 47.9 m , 48.1 m, and 48.05 m. Were his measurements accurate, precise, neither or both?

Precise, not accurate

A student measured a room that was exactly 41.5 m across. He measured four times, with these results: 48.0 m, 47.9 m, 48.1 m, and 48.05 m. Were his measurements accurate, precise, neither, or both?

Precise, not accurate

Which descriptions are quantitative and which are qualitative? A. 25 drummers B. Fat little kittens C. Water at 99.5 degrees D. Square-shaped E. Half-full beaker of water

Quantitative: A, C & E ( E only if measured) Qualitative: B, D & E ( E only if eye balled )

Name this compound: NaOH

Sodium Hydroxide

Name this Compound: Na₂S

Sodium Sulfide

What did the thin gold foil experiment accomplish and what scientist conducted the experiment.

The existence of protons and thus a nucleus, also that atoms are mostly empty space, Ernest Rutherford

Name this compound: SnCl₄

Tin (IV) Chloride

What element is a noble gas at 5 energy levels?

Xenon

Write the Noble Gas Electron configuration for Bromine

[Ar] 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁵

Write the Noble gas Electron configuration for Neptunium

[Rn] 5f4 6d1 7s2

What is the smallest particle of an element that retains properties of the element?

atom

A positively charge ion is called a

cation

A positively charge ion is called a ________ , while a negatively charged ion is called a _________

cation ; anion

Draw the Lewis Structure of SiF₄ and predict the geometry

tetrahedral

What happens in beta decay?

the proton in the nucleus is transformed into a neutron and vice versa. If a proton is converted to a neutron, it is known as β+ decay.