Chemistry Unit 1

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All other measurements with

exception of luminous intensity, quantity of a substance(mole), temperature, and electric current are defined in terms of time, length, and mass **extra side note-volume is defined in terms of length

Time

-According to Sir Isaac Newton, time is that which flows onward uniformly -SI unit for Time is second usually abbreviated with an s. -is a fundamental, indefinable, unit in Science/ not a derived quantity -does not depend on the measurement of another quantity

Derived Units

-Are those that are calculated, that is, arrived at through multiplying or dividing some combination of the seven base units, what we call 'fundamental units' -Example: Molar Mass Is expressed in moles per gram (mol/g) This derived unit is one unit(mol) divided by another unit g

Kilo-

-Symbol K -Exponent 10^3 -decimal 1,000 -Fraction of a Base Unit 1,000xbase

Mega-

-Symbol M -Exponent 10^6 -Decimal 1,000,000 -fraction of Base Unit 1,000,000xbase

Deci-

-Symbol d -Exponent 10^-1 -decimal 0.1 -Fraction of a Base Unit 1/10 of base

3 instruments commonly used to measure metric volumr in a chinstrap lab are

-graduated cylinders -pipettes -burettes

Length

-is the measurement describing the distance from one point to another -SI unit is the meter; abbreviation:m -is a fundamental, indefinable unit of science / not a derived quantity I think hold up

Mass

-is the third fundamental unit in chemistry -is the quantity of matter a body possesses -SI unit of mass is the kilogram ***extra side note: 1kg is approximately the same as 2.2 pounds at sea level, but remember here that pounds are a unit of force, not mass

2 factors to consider in making a measurement:

-measurement's accuracy -precision

Centi-

-symbol c -exponent 10^-2 -decimal 0.01 -Fraction of a Base Unit 1/100 of abase

Deka-

-symbol dk -exponent 10 -decimal 10 -Fraction of the Base Unit 10x base

Hecto-

-symbol h -Exponent 10^2 -decimal 100 -Fraction of a Base Unit 100x base

Milli-

-symbol m -exponent 10^-3 -decimal 0.001 -Fraction of a Base Unit 1/1000 of base

Nano-

-symbol n -exponent 10-9 -decimal 0.00000001 Fraction of a Base Unit 1/1,000,000,000 of base

Micro-

-symbol um -exponent 10^-6 -decimal 0.000001 -Fraction of a Base Unit 1/1,000,000 of base

Precision

The degree of exactness of a measurement; described by the number of significant digits used to express value

Accuracy

The degree to which a measurement approaches a standard or true value

Electric current

Ampere(A)

Length

The measure of the distance from one point to another

SI system

The metric system of units

Mass

The quantity of matter a body processes

Luminous intensity

Candela(cd)

Base unit is the unit under ?

Consideration such as the meter, liter, or second

Temperature

Kelvin(k)

Mass

Kilogram(kg)

Length

Meter (m)

Base unit

Meter, second, liter

Quantity of a substance

Mole(mol)

Time

Second(s)

Time

That which flows onward uniformly


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