Chemistry Unit 4

Name functional groups and describe each. Please use proper grammar and mechanics.

Alcohols: hydroxyl group Carboxylic Acids: methanoic, ethanoic, propanoic, and butanoic acid. Ketones: makes molecules full of solvent Alkanes: single bonded carbon and hydrogen atoms Amines: can be used as dyes and useful to make medicines Alkenes: double bonded carbon and hydrogen atoms

Write the compound name when given the formula. Remember spelling counts and include Roman numerals when needed. NH4CN

Ammonium Cyanide

Explain in several sentences how an ion forms. Please use proper grammar and mechanics.

An ion is formed when an atom from any of the elements gains or looses one electron or more. Ionic bonding is a full transfer of valance electrons between atoms. It is a chemical bond that creates two opposite full charged ions. Ionic bonds result in metal loosing electrons to turn into a cation that is positively charged. And the nonmetal takes those electrons to turn into a negative charged anion.

Write the compound of the formula below SbBr3[ans1] . Check your periodic table for the spelling. Put only one space between the ions.

Antimony Tribromide

Write the formula for the following chemical compound. diboron tetrabromide [ans1] If a subscript is required please include (s) then the subscript such as O2 would be written as O(s)2. Please do not insert any spaces and use the proper chemical symbols for each element.

B(s)2Br(s)4

carbon tetrachloride

CCl(s)4

Using your periodic table, which of the following has the lowest electronegavtivity?

Calcium

Name the following acid. You may need your polyatomic ion chart. [ans] H2CO3

Carbonic Acid

Write the compound of the formula below ClO2[ans1] . Check your periodic table for the spelling. Put only one space between the ions.

Chlorine Dioxide

Write the compound name when given the formula. Remember spelling counts and include Roman numerals when needed. Co2(CO3)3

Cobalt (III) Carbonate

Write the compound of the formula below Si2Br6 [ans1] . Check your periodic table for the spelling. Put only one space between the ions.

Disilicon Hexabromide

Write the correct ionic formula. NO spaces. Use the proper abbreviations. If a superscript is needed use ^ then the number. If a subscript is needed (s) then the number. Iron(III)Phosphide

FeP

Write the formula for the following acid. If a subscript is required, please write it as (s)2. Example water would be written as H(s)2O. Please use the correct symbols and add no spaces. Sulfuric Acid

H(s)2SO(s)4

Write the formula for the following acid. If a subscript is required, please write it as (s)2. Example water would be written as H(s)2O. Please use the correct symbols and add no spaces. hydroselenic acid

H(s)2Se

Write the formula for the following acid. If a subscript is required, please write it as (s)2. Example water would be written as H(s)2O. Please use the correct symbols and add no spaces. nitrous acid

HNO(s)2

List and describe 5 properties of metals

High thermal conductivity - the property that helps conduct (create) heat High electrical conductivity - ability to have floe of electricity Malleability - property that can change something into another shape without breaking Ductility - property that lets a solid material have the ability to deform Lustre - property to shine and/or reflect light

Name the following acid. You may need your polyatomic ion chart. [ans] HF

Hydrofluoric Acid

List the seven diatomic molecules.

Hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine.

Explain how single, double and triple bonds form in covalent bonding. Please give explain in detail using proper grammar, spelling and mechanics.

If you break it down, it is very simple. Single covalent bonding is when just one pair of electrons are shared between atoms. Double covalent bonding is when four electrons are shared between two atoms. And finally, triple covalent bonds are when six pairs of electrons are shared between two atoms.

In several sentences, describe the Metallic Bond Sea of Electrons model. Please use proper grammar, spelling and mechanics please.

In metallic bonds, when the electrons combine from orbitals (s & p) of the metal atoms that are interacting, they do something called delocalizing. So, instead of revolving around their own metal atoms, they begin to form a 'sea' of electrons. This sea of electrons surround the atomic nuclei that has a positive charge of the metal ions that are interacting.

Write the compound of the formula below IF5[ans1] . Check your periodic table for the spelling. Put only one space between the ions.

Iodine Pentafluoride

Describe the differences in ionic and covalent bonds.

Ionic bonds either gain or lose electrons. That usually happens between a metal and a non-metal. Covalent bonds share electrons that are usually between two non-metals.

In several sentences, describe the properties of ionic compounds. Please use proper mechanics and grammar please.

Ionic compounds have high boiling and melting points. Ionic compounds are not weak, they have so much strength that in order to break them, you need major amounts of energy to do so. Ions are particles that are charged. However, ionic compounds can only create electricity if their ions have the freedom to move about.

Write the correct ionic formula. NO spaces. Use the proper abbreviations. If a superscript is needed use ^ then the number. If a subscript is needed (s) then the number. Lithium Oxide

Li(s)2O

Write the correct ionic formula. NO spaces. Use the proper abreviations. If a superscript is needed use ^ then the number. If a subscript is needed (s) then the number.. Manganese (III) fluoride

MnF(s)3

Write the correct ionic formula. NO spaces. Use the proper abbreviations. If a superscript is needed use ^ then the number. If a subscript is needed (s) then the number. Sodium Permanganate

NaMnO(s)4

Write the correct ionic formula. NO spaces. Use the proper abbreviations. If a superscript is needed use ^ then the number. If a subscript is needed (s) then the number. Sodium Hydroxide [ans]

NaOH

Write the compound of the formula below NF3 [ans1] . Check your periodic table for the spelling. Put only one space between the ions.

Nitrogen Trifluoride

Describe the difference in polar and nonpolar covalent bond in detail. Please use correct spelling, proper grammar and mechanics.

Non-polar covalent bonds are a chemical bond that two atoms that share a portion of a pair of electrons with each other. However, polar covalent bonds are a chemical bond which two electrons are shared between two atoms but unequally.

Using a step by step description, explain how Potassium and Bromine would create an ionic bond. Please use proper grammar and mechanics please.

Ok so I will start by saying that bromine has 35 electrons in a whole. In the outer shell of Bromine, there are 7 electrons. Potassium only has one electron in the outer shell. Because of that, Potassium will give its valance electron to bromine, which turns Bromine into 2.8.8 ; K+ ion. The Bromine receives the electron given to it by Potassium and become stable (2.8.18.8) and turn into Br- ion. Then, finally, the ionic bond will be made because of the electrostatic between the negative ion of bromine and the positive ion of potassium.

Compare and contrast organic chemistry and biochemistry. Please use proper grammar and mechanics.

Organic Chemistry is the chemical study of organic molecules. Biochemistry is the chemical study of systems of biology and the study of the chemical systems that have affects on living organisms.

tetraphosphorus pentasulfide

P(s)4S(s)5

Name the following acid. You may need your polyatomic ion chart. [ans] H3PO4

Phosphoric Acid

Write the formula for the following chemical compound. selenium hexabromide [ans1] If a subscript is required please include (s) then the subscript such as O2 would be written as O(s)2. Please do not insert any spaces and use the proper chemical symbols for each element.

SeBr(s)6

Write the formula for the following chemical compound. silicon dioxide [ans1] If a subscript is required please include (s) then the subscript such as O2 would be written as O(s)2. Please do not insert any spaces and use the proper chemical symbols for each element.

SiO(s)2

Lithium and fluorine undergo ionic bonding. Explain, step by step using proper grammar and mechanics.

The Lithium atom looses an electron to create lithium ion Li+. Then, the fluorine atom gains an electron to create fluoride ion F-. The chemical formula of lithium fluoride is LiF

Why is CH4 non-polar?

The molecule is symmetrical

Compare and contrast cations and anions. Please use proper grammar and mechanics.

There are many difference between a cation and an anion. An anion is a negatively charged atom or molecule. It is a nonmetal. A cation is a positively charged molecule or atom. An anion has more electrons than protons whereas cations have more protons than electrons.

Write the compound name when given the formula. Remember spelling counts and include Roman numerals when needed. V3(PO4)5

Vanadium (V) Phosphate

Ionic bonding is generally.....

a metal and a nonmetal

The loose electrons are said to be.....

delocalized

Using your periodic table, which element has the highest electronegativity?

fluorine

The lattice structure of metals are similar to

ionic bonds

What is the proper name for these two different molecules?

isomers

Electronegativity increases horizontally from ____________________ to ____________________

left right

Metallic Bonding is

metals only

The image below is called a H | H-C-H | H

methyl group

Anion is an ion with a __________________ charge when an atom ____________________ one or more electrons. These are usually _________________

negative gains nonmetals

Covalent bonding is

nonmetals only

Cation is an ion with a __________________ charge formed when an atom _________________ one or more electrons. These are usually ________________

positive loses metals

Branches can not be added to [blank] carbons.

terminal